Genetic Programming

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Genetic Programming [1]

Genetic Programming (GP),
an evolutionary based methodology inspired by biological evolution to optimize computer programs, in particular game playing programs. It is a machine learning technique used to optimize a population of programs, for instance to maximize the winning rate versus a set of opponents, after modifying evaluation weights or search parameter.

Evolutionary Programming

Evolutionary programming is similar to genetic programming, but the structure of the program to be optimized is fixed, while its numerical parameters are allowed to evolve. The term was coined by Lawrence J. Fogel in 1960.

Supersets

Genetic Programming is subset of a chain of subsequent fields in Artificial Intelligence.

Genetic Algorithms

Genetic Programming is a specialization of genetic algorithms (GA) where individuals are computer programs. This heuristic is routinely used to generate useful solutions to optimization and search problems. A genetic algorithm requires:

  1. Genetic representation
  2. Fitness function

performing the Genetic operations of

  1. Selection (genetic algorithm)
    1. Fitness proportionate selection
    2. Reward-based selection
    3. Stochastic universal sampling
    4. Tournament selection
    5. Truncation selection
  2. Crossover (genetic algorithm)

PBIL

Population-based incremental learning (PBIL) is a type of of genetic algorithm where the genotype of an entire population (probability vector) is evolved rather than individual members. The algorithm was proposed by Shumeet Baluja in 1994 [2]. The algorithm is simpler than a standard genetic algorithm, and in many cases leads to better results than a standard genetic algorithm [3].

Evolutionary Algorithms

Genetic algorithms belong to the larger class of evolutionary algorithms (EA). An EA uses some mechanisms inspired by biological evolution: reproduction, mutation, recombination, and selection. EAs are individual components that participate in an artificial evolution (AE).

Evolutionary Computation

An evolutionary algorithm (EA) is subset of evolutionary computation, a generic population-based metaheuristic optimization algorithm. Evolutionary computation, introduced by John Henry Holland in the 1970s and more popular since 1990s mimics the population-based sexual evolution through reproduction of generations.

Computational Intelligence

Computational Intelligence (CI) is a set of Nature-inspired computational methodologies and approaches and field of Artificial Intelligence. It primarily includes many-valued logic or Fuzzy logic, Neural Networks, Evolutionary Computation, swarm intelligence and Artificial immune system.

See also

Publications

1950 ...

  • Nils Barricelli (1954). Esempi numerici di processi di evoluzione, Methodos, pp. 45-68, 1954
  • Nils Barricelli (1957). Symbiogenetic evolution processes realized by artificial methods. Methodos: 143–182.

1960 ...

1970 ...

  • John Henry Holland (1975). Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems: An Introductory Analysis with Applications to Biology, Control, and Artificial Intelligence. amazon.com

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Forum Posts

1996 ...

Re: Genetic Algorithms for Chess Evaluation Functions by Jay Scott, rgcc, July 01, 1996

2010 ...

2015 ...

Re: Genetical tuning by Ferdinand Mosca, CCC, August 20, 2015

2020 ...

External Links

Genetic Programming

Evolutionary Programming

Genetic Algorithms

Fitness proportionate selection from Wikipedia
Reward-based selection from Wikipedia
Stochastic universal sampling from Wikipedia
Tournament selection from Wikipedia
Truncation selection from Wikipedia

Evolutionary Algorithms

Evolutionary Computation

Misc

feat.: Bennie Maupin, Bill Summers, Paul Jackson, Mike Clark and Blackbird McKnight

References

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