Difference between revisions of "Alex Bernstein"
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'''Alex Bernstein''',<br/> | '''Alex Bernstein''',<br/> | ||
| − | an American mathematician, chess player and [[IBM]] employee. Along with his colleagues [[Michael de V. Roberts]], [[Timothy Arbuckle]] and [[Martin Belsky]], Alex Bernstein was primary author of the [[The Bernstein Chess Program|Bernstein Chess Program]] for the [[IBM 704]]. | + | an American mathematician, chess player and [[IBM]] employee. Along with his colleagues [[Michael de V. Roberts]], [[Timothy Arbuckle]] and [[Martin Belsky]], Alex Bernstein was primary author of the [[The Bernstein Chess Program|Bernstein Chess Program]] for the [[IBM 704]]. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamela_McCorduck Pamela McCorduck], who was married to [[Mathematician#JFTraub|Joseph F. Traub]], interviewed Alex Bernstein as published with several details given in her seminal book ''[[Artificial Intelligence#MachinesWhoThink|Machines Who Think]]'' <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=70939&start=17 Re: The mystery of Alex Bernstein] by [[Sergei Markoff|Sergei S. Markoff]], [[CCC]], June 09, 2019</ref>. |
=Quotes= | =Quotes= | ||
| Line 16: | Line 16: | ||
=Publications= | =Publications= | ||
| − | <ref>hosted by [[The Computer History Museum]]</ref> | + | <ref>Bernstein papers hosted by [[The Computer History Museum]]</ref> |
* [[Alex Bernstein]], [[Michael de V. Roberts]] ('''1958'''). ''[http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/full_record.php?iid=doc-431614f690f16 Computer vs. Chess-Player]''. [[Scientific American]], Vol. 198, reprinted '''1988''' in [[Computer Chess Compendium]] | * [[Alex Bernstein]], [[Michael de V. Roberts]] ('''1958'''). ''[http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/full_record.php?iid=doc-431614f690f16 Computer vs. Chess-Player]''. [[Scientific American]], Vol. 198, reprinted '''1988''' in [[Computer Chess Compendium]] | ||
* [[Alex Bernstein ]] ('''1958'''). ''[http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/full_record.php?iid=doc-4316153963418 A Chess Playing Program for the IBM 704]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess_Review Chess Review], July 1958 | * [[Alex Bernstein ]] ('''1958'''). ''[http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/full_record.php?iid=doc-4316153963418 A Chess Playing Program for the IBM 704]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess_Review Chess Review], July 1958 | ||
* [[Alex Bernstein]], [[Michael de V. Roberts]], [[Timothy Arbuckle]], [[Martin Belsky]] ('''1958'''). ''[https://www.computerhistory.org/chess/doc-431e18a41d415/ A chess playing program for the IBM 704]''. Proceedings of the 1958 Western Joint Computer Conference | * [[Alex Bernstein]], [[Michael de V. Roberts]], [[Timothy Arbuckle]], [[Martin Belsky]] ('''1958'''). ''[https://www.computerhistory.org/chess/doc-431e18a41d415/ A chess playing program for the IBM 704]''. Proceedings of the 1958 Western Joint Computer Conference | ||
| + | * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamela_McCorduck Pamela McCorduck] ('''1979'''). ''Machines Who Think''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W._H._Freeman_and_Company W. H. Freeman] | ||
| + | * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamela_McCorduck Pamela McCorduck] ('''2004'''). ''[http://www.pamelamc.com/html/machines_who_think.html Machines Who Think: A Personal Inquiry into the History and Prospects of Artificial Intelligence]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_K_Peters A. K. Peters] (25th anniversary edition) | ||
=Forum Posts= | =Forum Posts= | ||
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=70939 The mystery of Alex Bernstein] by [[Sergei Markoff|Sergei S. Markoff]], [[CCC]], June 06, 2019 | * [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=70939 The mystery of Alex Bernstein] by [[Sergei Markoff|Sergei S. Markoff]], [[CCC]], June 06, 2019 | ||
| + | : [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=70939&start=17 Re: The mystery of Alex Bernstein] by [[Sergei Markoff|Sergei S. Markoff]], [[CCC]], June 09, 2019 | ||
=External Links= | =External Links= | ||
| Line 36: | Line 39: | ||
'''[[People|Up one level]]''' | '''[[People|Up one level]]''' | ||
| + | [[Category:Chess Player|Bernstein]] | ||
[[Category:Chess Programmer|Bernstein]] | [[Category:Chess Programmer|Bernstein]] | ||
[[Category:Pioneer|Bernstein]] | [[Category:Pioneer|Bernstein]] | ||
Revision as of 11:03, 9 June 2019
Home * People * Alex Bernstein
Alex Bernstein [1]
Alex Bernstein,
an American mathematician, chess player and IBM employee. Along with his colleagues Michael de V. Roberts, Timothy Arbuckle and Martin Belsky, Alex Bernstein was primary author of the Bernstein Chess Program for the IBM 704. Pamela McCorduck, who was married to Joseph F. Traub, interviewed Alex Bernstein as published with several details given in her seminal book Machines Who Think [2].
Quotes
Quote by John McCarthy from Human-Level AI is harder than it seemed in 1955 on the Dartmouth workshop:
Chess programs catch some of the human chess playing abilities but rely on the limited effective branching of the chess move tree. The ideas that work for chess are inadequate for go. Alpha-beta pruning characterizes human play, but it wasn't noticed by early chess programmers - Turing, Shannon, Pasta and Ulam, and Bernstein. We humans are not very good at identifying the heuristics we ourselves use. Approximations to alpha-beta used by Samuel, Newell and Simon, McCarthy. Proved equivalent to minimax by Hart and Levin, independently by Brudno. Knuth gives details.
John McCarthy in The Dartmouth Workshop--as planned and as it happened [3]
Alex Bernstein of IBM presented his chess program under construction. My reaction was to invent and recommend to him alpha-beta pruning. He was unconvinced.
See also
Publications
- Alex Bernstein, Michael de V. Roberts (1958). Computer vs. Chess-Player. Scientific American, Vol. 198, reprinted 1988 in Computer Chess Compendium
- Alex Bernstein (1958). A Chess Playing Program for the IBM 704. Chess Review, July 1958
- Alex Bernstein, Michael de V. Roberts, Timothy Arbuckle, Martin Belsky (1958). A chess playing program for the IBM 704. Proceedings of the 1958 Western Joint Computer Conference
- Pamela McCorduck (1979). Machines Who Think. W. H. Freeman
- Pamela McCorduck (2004). Machines Who Think: A Personal Inquiry into the History and Prospects of Artificial Intelligence. A. K. Peters (25th anniversary edition)
Forum Posts
- The mystery of Alex Bernstein by Sergei S. Markoff, CCC, June 06, 2019
- Re: The mystery of Alex Bernstein by Sergei S. Markoff, CCC, June 09, 2019
External Links
- Alex Bernstein from The Computer History Museum
- Photos by Andreas Feininger, Getty Images
- Chess Pieces - IBM Research the Deep Blue site
- Runner-Up - The New Yorker - November 29, 1958
- Alex Bernstein: juega al ajedrez con un IBM 704 (Thinking Machines) YouTube Video
References
- ↑ Image captured from Alex Bernstein: juega al ajedrez con un IBM 704 (Thinking Machines) YouTube Video at 0:13
- ↑ Re: The mystery of Alex Bernstein by Sergei S. Markoff, CCC, June 09, 2019
- ↑ The Dartmouth Workshop--as planned and as it happened
- ↑ Bernstein papers hosted by The Computer History Museum
