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M-2
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'''[[Main Page|Home]] * [[Hardware]] * M-2'''
'''M-2''' was a Soviet digital computer developed in the Laboratory of Electrical Systems in the Institute of Energy of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Academy_of_Sciences#USSR_Academy_of_Sciences USSR Academy of Science], designed by [http://www.computer-museum.ru/english/galglory_en/Bruk.htm Isaak Semenovich Bruk]. The M-2 development team, at different stages, of 7 to 10 engineers was lead by [http://www.computer-museum.ru/english/galglory_en/kartsev.htm Mikhail Alexanderovich Kartsev].
=Architecture=
The M-2 was assembled in the period from April till December 1952, upgraded until 1956, since 1953 solving applied tasks on round-the-clock basis with fixed and [[Float|floating point]] numbers. Instructions were 34-bit wide, had [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_address_code three address codes] and 4-bit opcode. The control circuit and [[Combinatorial Logic#ALU|ALU]] used [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum_tube tube] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor semiconductor] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode diodes]. The internal storage devices included the main electrostatic device (standard cathode-ray tubes) that held up to 512 numbers and had regeneration cycle of 25 µs, and an additional magnetic drum that held up to 512 numbers and rotated at 2860 revolutions/min <ref>[http://www.computer-museum.ru/english/m2.htm The Fast Universal Digital Computer M-2] by the [[Russian Virtual Computer Museum]]</ref>.
=ITEP Chess Program=
The M-2 ran the [[ITEP Chess Program]] developed in the early 60s at [[Alexander Kronrod|Alexander Kronrod’s]] laboratory at the Moscow [[Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics]] by [[Georgy Adelson-Velsky]], [[Vladimir Arlazarov]], [[Anatoly Uskov]], [[Alexander Zhivotovsky]], A. Leman, M. Rozenfeld and Russian chess master [[Alexander Bitman]] <ref>[[Georgy Adelson-Velsky]], [[Vladimir Arlazarov]], [[Alexander Bitman]], [[Alexander Zhivotovsky]], [[Anatoly Uskov]] ('''1970'''). ''Programming a Computer to Play Chess''. [http://iopscience.iop.org/0036-0279/25/2 Russian Mathematical Surveys, Vol. 25], pp. 221-262</ref>
=See also=
* [[M-20]]
=External Links=
* [http://www.computer-museum.ru/english/m2.htm The Fast Universal Digital Computer M-2] from the [[Russian Virtual Computer Museum]]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fast_Universal_Digital_Computer_M-2 Fast Universal Digital Computer M-2 from Wikipedia]
=References=
<references />
'''[[Hardware|Up one Level]]'''
'''M-2''' was a Soviet digital computer developed in the Laboratory of Electrical Systems in the Institute of Energy of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Academy_of_Sciences#USSR_Academy_of_Sciences USSR Academy of Science], designed by [http://www.computer-museum.ru/english/galglory_en/Bruk.htm Isaak Semenovich Bruk]. The M-2 development team, at different stages, of 7 to 10 engineers was lead by [http://www.computer-museum.ru/english/galglory_en/kartsev.htm Mikhail Alexanderovich Kartsev].
=Architecture=
The M-2 was assembled in the period from April till December 1952, upgraded until 1956, since 1953 solving applied tasks on round-the-clock basis with fixed and [[Float|floating point]] numbers. Instructions were 34-bit wide, had [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_address_code three address codes] and 4-bit opcode. The control circuit and [[Combinatorial Logic#ALU|ALU]] used [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum_tube tube] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor semiconductor] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode diodes]. The internal storage devices included the main electrostatic device (standard cathode-ray tubes) that held up to 512 numbers and had regeneration cycle of 25 µs, and an additional magnetic drum that held up to 512 numbers and rotated at 2860 revolutions/min <ref>[http://www.computer-museum.ru/english/m2.htm The Fast Universal Digital Computer M-2] by the [[Russian Virtual Computer Museum]]</ref>.
=ITEP Chess Program=
The M-2 ran the [[ITEP Chess Program]] developed in the early 60s at [[Alexander Kronrod|Alexander Kronrod’s]] laboratory at the Moscow [[Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics]] by [[Georgy Adelson-Velsky]], [[Vladimir Arlazarov]], [[Anatoly Uskov]], [[Alexander Zhivotovsky]], A. Leman, M. Rozenfeld and Russian chess master [[Alexander Bitman]] <ref>[[Georgy Adelson-Velsky]], [[Vladimir Arlazarov]], [[Alexander Bitman]], [[Alexander Zhivotovsky]], [[Anatoly Uskov]] ('''1970'''). ''Programming a Computer to Play Chess''. [http://iopscience.iop.org/0036-0279/25/2 Russian Mathematical Surveys, Vol. 25], pp. 221-262</ref>
=See also=
* [[M-20]]
=External Links=
* [http://www.computer-museum.ru/english/m2.htm The Fast Universal Digital Computer M-2] from the [[Russian Virtual Computer Museum]]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fast_Universal_Digital_Computer_M-2 Fast Universal Digital Computer M-2 from Wikipedia]
=References=
<references />
'''[[Hardware|Up one Level]]'''
