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Created page with "'''Home * Hardware * IBM 7090''' |border|right|thumb|300px| [[John McCarthy operating Kotok-McCarthy <ref>[http://www.computerhis..."
'''[[Main Page|Home]] * [[Hardware]] * IBM 7090'''
[[File:JohnMcCarthy.jpg||border|right|thumb|300px| [[John McCarthy]] operating Kotok-McCarthy <ref>[http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/stl-431e1a07ca980/ John McCarthy, artificial intelligence pioneer, playing chess at Stanford's IBM 7090] | [http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/ Mastering the Game] | [[The Computer History Museum]] 1967 ca., Courtesy [[Stanford University]], [[John McCarthy]] used an improved version of the [[Kotok-McCarthy-Program|Kotok program]] to play correspondence chess against a [[TEP Chess Program|Soviet program]] developed at the Moscow [[Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics]] (ITEP) by [[Georgy Adelson-Velsky|George Adelson-Velsky]] and others. In 1967, a [[Stanford-ITEP Match|four-game match]] played over nine months was won 3-1 by the Soviet program.</ref> <ref>[http://infolab.stanford.edu/pub/voy/museum/pictures/display/1-1.htm CSD founding faculty] from [http://infolab.stanford.edu/pub/voy/museum/phototour.html Computer History Exhibits Photo Tour] created January 2000 by [http://infolab.stanford.edu/~gio/ Gio Wiederhold]</ref> ]]
'''IBM 7090''',<br/>
an [[IBM]] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainframe_computer mainframe computer] of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/36-bit 36-bit] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_700/7000_series IBM 700/7000 series], and the first [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor_computer transistorized] commercial computer <ref>[http://www.columbia.edu/cu/computinghistory/7090.html The IBM 7090] from [[Columbia University]]</ref> announced in 1958 and first installed in 1959 <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_7090 IBM 7090 from Wikipedia]</ref>. The basic instruction format was the same as the [[IBM 704]] / [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_709 IBM 709], 3-bit prefix, 15-bit decrement, 3-bit tag, and 15-bit address. The prefix field specified the class of instruction, the decrement field often contained an immediate operand, or was used to further define the instruction type. The tag bits specified any combination of three (7 for the IBM 7094) [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_register index registers], in which the contents of the registers were subtracted from the address to produce an effective address of an memory operand of a 32K words address space. More than 200 different instructions are provided, fixed-point arithmetic operations, floating-point arithmetic operations, logical operations, control and testing operations, input-output operations, shift operations, and numerous indexing operations <ref>[http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_PP7090B.html IBM Archives: 7090 Data Processing System (continued)]</ref>, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accumulator_%28computing%29 accumulator] as implicit operand. 36-bit integer representation was [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ones'_complement ones'-complement], except for index registers which were [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two's_complement two's-complement] <ref>[http://www.frobenius.com/7090.htm IBM 7090/94 Architecture Home Page]</ref>.
=Chess Programs=
* [[Kotok-McCarthy-Program]]
* [[Mater]]
=See also=
* [[Honeywell 6000]]
* [[IBM 704]]
* [[IBM 360]]
=Selected Publications=
* [[Alan Kotok]] ('''1962'''). ''A Chess Playing Program for the IBM 7090''. B.S. Thesis, MIT, AI Project Memo 41, Computation Center, Cambridge MA. [http://www.kotok.org/AK-Thesis-1962.pdf pdf]
* [http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=au%3ASaxon%2C+James+A.&qt=hot_author James A. Saxon] ('''1963'''). ''[http://www.worldcat.org/title/programming-the-ibm-7090-a-self-instructional-programmed-manual/oclc/645681 Programming the IBM 7090: A Self-Instructional Programmed Manual]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prentice_Hall Prentice-Hall, Inc.]
* [http://prabook.org/web/person-view.html?profileId=199955 Gordon B. Davis] ('''1965'''). ''[http://www.worldcat.org/title/introduction-to-the-ibm-709094-computer/oclc/2299359 An Introduction to the IBM 7090/94 Computer]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McGraw-Hill_Education McGraw-Hill, Inc.]
=External Links=
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_7090 IBM 7090 from Wikipedia]
* [http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_PP7090.html IBM Archives: 7090 Data Processing System]
* [http://www.columbia.edu/cu/computinghistory/7090.html The IBM 7090] from [[Columbia University]]
* [http://www.columbia.edu/cu/computinghistory/7094.html The IBM 7094] from [[Columbia University]]
* [http://www.frobenius.com/7090.htm IBM 7090/94 Architecture Home Page]
* [http://computer-history.info/Page4.dir/pages/IBM.7090.dir/index.html The IBM 7090 System and 7094 Systems]
* [http://www.quadibloc.com/comp/cp0309.htm From the IBM 704 to the IBM 7094] by [http://www.quadibloc.com/ John J. G. Savard]
=References=
<references />
'''[[Hardware|Up one Level]]'''
[[File:JohnMcCarthy.jpg||border|right|thumb|300px| [[John McCarthy]] operating Kotok-McCarthy <ref>[http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/stl-431e1a07ca980/ John McCarthy, artificial intelligence pioneer, playing chess at Stanford's IBM 7090] | [http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/ Mastering the Game] | [[The Computer History Museum]] 1967 ca., Courtesy [[Stanford University]], [[John McCarthy]] used an improved version of the [[Kotok-McCarthy-Program|Kotok program]] to play correspondence chess against a [[TEP Chess Program|Soviet program]] developed at the Moscow [[Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics]] (ITEP) by [[Georgy Adelson-Velsky|George Adelson-Velsky]] and others. In 1967, a [[Stanford-ITEP Match|four-game match]] played over nine months was won 3-1 by the Soviet program.</ref> <ref>[http://infolab.stanford.edu/pub/voy/museum/pictures/display/1-1.htm CSD founding faculty] from [http://infolab.stanford.edu/pub/voy/museum/phototour.html Computer History Exhibits Photo Tour] created January 2000 by [http://infolab.stanford.edu/~gio/ Gio Wiederhold]</ref> ]]
'''IBM 7090''',<br/>
an [[IBM]] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainframe_computer mainframe computer] of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/36-bit 36-bit] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_700/7000_series IBM 700/7000 series], and the first [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor_computer transistorized] commercial computer <ref>[http://www.columbia.edu/cu/computinghistory/7090.html The IBM 7090] from [[Columbia University]]</ref> announced in 1958 and first installed in 1959 <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_7090 IBM 7090 from Wikipedia]</ref>. The basic instruction format was the same as the [[IBM 704]] / [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_709 IBM 709], 3-bit prefix, 15-bit decrement, 3-bit tag, and 15-bit address. The prefix field specified the class of instruction, the decrement field often contained an immediate operand, or was used to further define the instruction type. The tag bits specified any combination of three (7 for the IBM 7094) [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_register index registers], in which the contents of the registers were subtracted from the address to produce an effective address of an memory operand of a 32K words address space. More than 200 different instructions are provided, fixed-point arithmetic operations, floating-point arithmetic operations, logical operations, control and testing operations, input-output operations, shift operations, and numerous indexing operations <ref>[http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_PP7090B.html IBM Archives: 7090 Data Processing System (continued)]</ref>, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accumulator_%28computing%29 accumulator] as implicit operand. 36-bit integer representation was [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ones'_complement ones'-complement], except for index registers which were [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two's_complement two's-complement] <ref>[http://www.frobenius.com/7090.htm IBM 7090/94 Architecture Home Page]</ref>.
=Chess Programs=
* [[Kotok-McCarthy-Program]]
* [[Mater]]
=See also=
* [[Honeywell 6000]]
* [[IBM 704]]
* [[IBM 360]]
=Selected Publications=
* [[Alan Kotok]] ('''1962'''). ''A Chess Playing Program for the IBM 7090''. B.S. Thesis, MIT, AI Project Memo 41, Computation Center, Cambridge MA. [http://www.kotok.org/AK-Thesis-1962.pdf pdf]
* [http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=au%3ASaxon%2C+James+A.&qt=hot_author James A. Saxon] ('''1963'''). ''[http://www.worldcat.org/title/programming-the-ibm-7090-a-self-instructional-programmed-manual/oclc/645681 Programming the IBM 7090: A Self-Instructional Programmed Manual]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prentice_Hall Prentice-Hall, Inc.]
* [http://prabook.org/web/person-view.html?profileId=199955 Gordon B. Davis] ('''1965'''). ''[http://www.worldcat.org/title/introduction-to-the-ibm-709094-computer/oclc/2299359 An Introduction to the IBM 7090/94 Computer]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McGraw-Hill_Education McGraw-Hill, Inc.]
=External Links=
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_7090 IBM 7090 from Wikipedia]
* [http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_PP7090.html IBM Archives: 7090 Data Processing System]
* [http://www.columbia.edu/cu/computinghistory/7090.html The IBM 7090] from [[Columbia University]]
* [http://www.columbia.edu/cu/computinghistory/7094.html The IBM 7094] from [[Columbia University]]
* [http://www.frobenius.com/7090.htm IBM 7090/94 Architecture Home Page]
* [http://computer-history.info/Page4.dir/pages/IBM.7090.dir/index.html The IBM 7090 System and 7094 Systems]
* [http://www.quadibloc.com/comp/cp0309.htm From the IBM 704 to the IBM 7094] by [http://www.quadibloc.com/ John J. G. Savard]
=References=
<references />
'''[[Hardware|Up one Level]]'''
