25,161
edits
Changes
Created page with "'''Home * Evaluation * Pawn Structure''' FILE:Elke_Rehder_Chess_Schach_Bauern_Pawns_Chain.jpg|border|right|thumb|342px|link=http://www.elke-rehder.de/Ches..."
'''[[Main Page|Home]] * [[Evaluation]] * Pawn Structure'''
[[FILE:Elke_Rehder_Chess_Schach_Bauern_Pawns_Chain.jpg|border|right|thumb|342px|link=http://www.elke-rehder.de/Chess_Paintings.htm|[[Arts#Rehder|Elke Rehder]], Chain of Pawns <ref>[http://www.elke-rehder.de/Chess_Paintings.htm Chess paintings in oil on canvas] by [[Arts#Rehder|Elke Rehder]]</ref> ]]
'''Pawn structure''' is a term used to describe the positions of all the pawns on the board, ignoring all other pieces. Pawn structure encompasses a broad range of ideas, from the general shape of the pawns (such as closed or open) to specific characteristics of individual pawns.
=Hashing Pawns=
''see main article [[Pawn Hash Table]]''
Full evaluation of pawn structure might be quite expensive. To speed up the evaluation, many programs use a separate [[Pawn Hash Table|pawn hash table]], addressed by a special key derived from the pawn's (and possibly also king's) position. Since pawn structure changes rather slowly, hit rate for such table is typically above 95%. Anything strictly pawn related can be stored in this hash table, including [[King Safety#PawnShield|pawn shield]] terms to be used dynamically for [[King Safety|king safety]].
=Standard Terms=
==Single Pawn==
* [[Backward Pawn]]
* [[Candidate Passed Pawn]]
* [[Doubled Pawn]]
* [[Faker]]
* [[Hidden Passed Pawn]]
* [[Isolated Pawn]]
* [[Passed Pawn]]
* [[Sentry]]
==Groups of Pawns==
* [[Blockage Detection]]
* [[Hanging Pawns]]
* [[Minority Attack]]
* [[Pawn Chain]]
* [[Pawn Islands]]
* [[Pawn Majority]]
==General==
* [[Holes]]
* [[Pawn Center]]
* [[Pawn Race]]
* [[Weak Pawns]]
=Dependent on Pawn Structure=
* [[Bad Bishop]]
* [[Color Weakness]]
* [[King Pawn Tropism]]
* [[King Safety]]
: [[King Safety#PawnShield|Pawn Shield]]
: [[King Safety#PawnStorm|Pawn Storm]]
* [[Outposts]]
* [[Rook on open file|Rook on (semi) ppen file]]
=See also=
* [[CPW-Engine_eval]]
* [[Pawn Pattern and Properties]] pawn structure aspects concerning [[Bitboards|bitboards]]
** [[Pawn Levers (Bitboards)]]
** [[Pawn Rams (Bitboards)]]
* [[Strategy]]
=Publications=
* [[Hans Kmoch]] ('''1959, 1990'''). ''Pawn Power in Chess''. New York: Dover, 1990. Previous ed.: New York: McKay, 1959
* [[Soei Tan]] ('''1977'''). ''Describing Pawn Structures.'' [[Advances in Computer Chess 1]] pp. 74-88
* [[Danny Kopec]] ('''1977'''). ''Recent developments in computer chess'', in Firbush News 7 Edinburgh: Machine Intelligence Research Unit, [[University of Edinburgh]] (ed. [[Donald Michie|D. Michie]]), [http://www.sci.brooklyn.cuny.edu/%7Ekopec/Publications/Publications/O_45_AI.pdf pdg]
* [http://www.rci.rutgers.edu/~goeller/ Michael Goeller] ('''2007'''). ''Pawn Battle Rules and Strategies''.[http://www.kenilworthchessclub.org/media/Pawn_Battle_Strategies.pdf pdf]
* [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]] ('''2017'''). ''Pawns''. [https://www.amazon.com/Pawns-Lyudmil-Tsvetkov-ebook/dp/B074S2MYQV amazon]
=Forum Posts=
==2000 ...==
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=271055 how to detect information about pawn structure based on bitboard] by [[Uri Blass]], [[CCC]], December 17, 2002
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=383014 pawn structure, pawn hash, square-of-pawn, pawn-races] by [[Stuart Cracraft]], [[CCC]], August 19, 2004
==2010 ...==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=52609 Double levers] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], June 11, 2014
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=53507 Some more pawns] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], August 31, 2014
==2015 ...==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=55214 Binders] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], February 04, 2015
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=55290 En passant bonus] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], February 10, 2015 » [[En passant]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=55292 Pawn checks and center levers] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], February 11, 2015
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=55319 Kind of backward] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], February 13, 2015
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=55343 Double pawn push] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], February 14, 2015
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=56191 Lever evaluation] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], May 01, 2015 » [[Pawn Levers (Bitboards)]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=56206 Chain, duo, connected] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], May 02, 2015 » [[Pawn chain]], [[Duo Trio Quart (Bitboards)]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=56213 Some more pawns] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], May 03, 2015
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=56282 Assorted tweaks] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], May 08, 2015
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=57949 A possible new pawn structure evaluation term?] by [[Arpad Rusz]], [[CCC]], October 15, 2015
=External Links=
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pawn_structure Pawn structure from Wikipedia], pattern of common [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess_opening chess openings]
* [http://www.mark-weeks.com/aboutcom/aa03j11.htm Positional Play : Pawn Structure] by [[Mark Weeks]]
=References=
<references />
'''[[Evaluation|Up one level]]'''
[[Category:Elke Rehder]]
[[FILE:Elke_Rehder_Chess_Schach_Bauern_Pawns_Chain.jpg|border|right|thumb|342px|link=http://www.elke-rehder.de/Chess_Paintings.htm|[[Arts#Rehder|Elke Rehder]], Chain of Pawns <ref>[http://www.elke-rehder.de/Chess_Paintings.htm Chess paintings in oil on canvas] by [[Arts#Rehder|Elke Rehder]]</ref> ]]
'''Pawn structure''' is a term used to describe the positions of all the pawns on the board, ignoring all other pieces. Pawn structure encompasses a broad range of ideas, from the general shape of the pawns (such as closed or open) to specific characteristics of individual pawns.
=Hashing Pawns=
''see main article [[Pawn Hash Table]]''
Full evaluation of pawn structure might be quite expensive. To speed up the evaluation, many programs use a separate [[Pawn Hash Table|pawn hash table]], addressed by a special key derived from the pawn's (and possibly also king's) position. Since pawn structure changes rather slowly, hit rate for such table is typically above 95%. Anything strictly pawn related can be stored in this hash table, including [[King Safety#PawnShield|pawn shield]] terms to be used dynamically for [[King Safety|king safety]].
=Standard Terms=
==Single Pawn==
* [[Backward Pawn]]
* [[Candidate Passed Pawn]]
* [[Doubled Pawn]]
* [[Faker]]
* [[Hidden Passed Pawn]]
* [[Isolated Pawn]]
* [[Passed Pawn]]
* [[Sentry]]
==Groups of Pawns==
* [[Blockage Detection]]
* [[Hanging Pawns]]
* [[Minority Attack]]
* [[Pawn Chain]]
* [[Pawn Islands]]
* [[Pawn Majority]]
==General==
* [[Holes]]
* [[Pawn Center]]
* [[Pawn Race]]
* [[Weak Pawns]]
=Dependent on Pawn Structure=
* [[Bad Bishop]]
* [[Color Weakness]]
* [[King Pawn Tropism]]
* [[King Safety]]
: [[King Safety#PawnShield|Pawn Shield]]
: [[King Safety#PawnStorm|Pawn Storm]]
* [[Outposts]]
* [[Rook on open file|Rook on (semi) ppen file]]
=See also=
* [[CPW-Engine_eval]]
* [[Pawn Pattern and Properties]] pawn structure aspects concerning [[Bitboards|bitboards]]
** [[Pawn Levers (Bitboards)]]
** [[Pawn Rams (Bitboards)]]
* [[Strategy]]
=Publications=
* [[Hans Kmoch]] ('''1959, 1990'''). ''Pawn Power in Chess''. New York: Dover, 1990. Previous ed.: New York: McKay, 1959
* [[Soei Tan]] ('''1977'''). ''Describing Pawn Structures.'' [[Advances in Computer Chess 1]] pp. 74-88
* [[Danny Kopec]] ('''1977'''). ''Recent developments in computer chess'', in Firbush News 7 Edinburgh: Machine Intelligence Research Unit, [[University of Edinburgh]] (ed. [[Donald Michie|D. Michie]]), [http://www.sci.brooklyn.cuny.edu/%7Ekopec/Publications/Publications/O_45_AI.pdf pdg]
* [http://www.rci.rutgers.edu/~goeller/ Michael Goeller] ('''2007'''). ''Pawn Battle Rules and Strategies''.[http://www.kenilworthchessclub.org/media/Pawn_Battle_Strategies.pdf pdf]
* [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]] ('''2017'''). ''Pawns''. [https://www.amazon.com/Pawns-Lyudmil-Tsvetkov-ebook/dp/B074S2MYQV amazon]
=Forum Posts=
==2000 ...==
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=271055 how to detect information about pawn structure based on bitboard] by [[Uri Blass]], [[CCC]], December 17, 2002
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=383014 pawn structure, pawn hash, square-of-pawn, pawn-races] by [[Stuart Cracraft]], [[CCC]], August 19, 2004
==2010 ...==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=52609 Double levers] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], June 11, 2014
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=53507 Some more pawns] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], August 31, 2014
==2015 ...==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=55214 Binders] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], February 04, 2015
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=55290 En passant bonus] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], February 10, 2015 » [[En passant]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=55292 Pawn checks and center levers] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], February 11, 2015
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=55319 Kind of backward] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], February 13, 2015
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=55343 Double pawn push] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], February 14, 2015
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=56191 Lever evaluation] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], May 01, 2015 » [[Pawn Levers (Bitboards)]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=56206 Chain, duo, connected] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], May 02, 2015 » [[Pawn chain]], [[Duo Trio Quart (Bitboards)]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=56213 Some more pawns] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], May 03, 2015
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=56282 Assorted tweaks] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], May 08, 2015
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=57949 A possible new pawn structure evaluation term?] by [[Arpad Rusz]], [[CCC]], October 15, 2015
=External Links=
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pawn_structure Pawn structure from Wikipedia], pattern of common [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess_opening chess openings]
* [http://www.mark-weeks.com/aboutcom/aa03j11.htm Positional Play : Pawn Structure] by [[Mark Weeks]]
=References=
<references />
'''[[Evaluation|Up one level]]'''
[[Category:Elke Rehder]]
