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Created page with "'''Home * Evaluation * Tempo''' In chess, a '''tempo''' refers to a "turn" or single move. When a player achieves a result in one fewer move, he [..."
'''[[Main Page|Home]] * [[Evaluation]] * Tempo'''
In [[Chess|chess]], a '''tempo''' refers to a "turn" or single move. When a player achieves a result in one fewer move, he [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tempo_%28chess%29#Gaining_a_tempo gains a tempo] and when he takes one more move than necessary he [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tempo_%28chess%29#Losing_a_tempo loses a tempo].
=Force, Space and Time=
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siegbert_Tarrasch Tarrasch's] concept of force, [[Space|space]] and time <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siegbert_Tarrasch Siegbert Tarrasch] ('''1931'''). [http://www.amazon.de/Das-Schachspiel-Originalfassung-Siegbert-Tarrasch/dp/3938484845 Das Schachspiel] Die Eröffnung I. Allgemeiner Teil Die Kräfte, Der Raum, Die Zeit, Tempobilanz (German)</ref> and their equivalence (to some extend) is considered by [[Material|material]] (force), [[Piece-Square Tables|piece placement]] and [[Center Control|center control]] (space) and roughly by [[Mobility|mobility]] (space and time) inside the [[Evaluation|evaluation]] of a chess program. Whether gaining three tempos in a [[Gambit|gambit opening]] is worth a [[Pawn|pawn]], is a matter of considering [[Development|piece development]] and [[King Safety|king safety]] issues related to center [[Pawn Structure|pawn structure]] (open/close, [[Pawn Levers (Bitboards)|lever]] options) and [[Castling|castling]] abilities, f.i. estimating number of moves to castle, and certain long term deficiencies. Also, some programs better rely more or less on the [[Opening Book|opening book]] to play gambits well.
=Tempo Bonus=
To avoid [[Odd-Even Effect#ScoreOscillation|score oscillations]] on the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parity_%28mathematics%29 parity] of the search depth, some programs give a small bonus for having the right to move - the premise being that it is usually advantageous to be able to [[Null Move Observation|do something]], except in the [[Zugzwang|zugzwang]] positions. That bonus is useful mainly in the opening and middle game positions, but can be counterproductive in the [[Endgame|endgame]].
=See also=
* [[Development]]
* [[Gambit]]
* [[Mobility]]
* [[Null Move Observation]]
* [[Odd-Even Effect]]
: [[Odd-Even Effect#ScoreOscillation|Score Oscillation]]
* [[Opening]]
* [[Side to move]]
* [[Space]]
* [[Quiescence Search#StandPat|Standing Pat]] in [[Quiescence Search]]
* [[Tempo (engine)]]
* [[Transposition]]
* [[Triangulation]]
* [[Null Move Pruning#VariableNMBound|Variable Null Move Bound]]
* [[Zugzwang]]
=Forum Posts=
==1997 ...==
* [http://groups.google.com/group/rec.games.chess.computer/browse_frm/thread/d3e7bdb00afc9dc4 PROG: odd/even score alternance] by [[Rémi Coulom]], [[Computer Chess Forums|rgcc]], June 5, 1997
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=10903 pv score oscillation] by [[Will Singleton|Willie Wood]], [[CCC]], October 18, 1997
==2000 ...==
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=148445 Bonus points for side to move in qsearch?] by [[Leen Ammeraal]], [[CCC]], January 06, 2001
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=158704 Testposition - The Vital Tempo] by [[Sune Larsson]], [[CCC]], March 15, 2001
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=21538 How to tune the bonus for having the move] by [[Don Dailey]], [[CCC]], June 01, 2008 <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50222 The creativity of Don Dailey] by [[Miguel A. Ballicora]], [[CCC]], November 25, 2013</ref>
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=28167 Side to Move Bonus - does it help?] by [[Mark Lefler]], [[CCC]], May 29, 2009
==2010 ...==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=37732 Why works an oscillating TempoValue?] by [[Marek Kwiatkowski]], [[CCC]], January 21, 2011
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=42982 stand pat or side to move bonus] by [[Larry Kaufman]], [[CCC]], March 22, 2012
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=48349 First move advantage] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], June 19, 2013 » [[Opening]]
* [http://www.open-chess.org/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=2985 Symmetrical evaluation and endgame] by Hamfer, [[Computer Chess Forums|OpenChess Forum]], June 02, 2016 » [[Asymmetric evaluation]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=65558 side-to-move bonus for several eval terms] by [[Sander Maassen vd Brink]], [[CCC]], October 27, 2017
=External Links=
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tempo_%28chess%29 Tempo (chess) from Wikipedia]
* [http://www.chessguru.net/get_better/chess_tempo/ Tempo, a fundamental concept in chess] from [http://www.chessguru.net/ chessguru.net]
* [[Videos#YamanduCosta|Yamandu Costa]] - Tempo de [http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crian%C3%A7a Criança], 2003, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube YouTube] Video
: {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bOU8f8gm83M|alignment=left|valignment=top}}
=References=
<references />
'''[[Evaluation|Up one Level]]'''
In [[Chess|chess]], a '''tempo''' refers to a "turn" or single move. When a player achieves a result in one fewer move, he [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tempo_%28chess%29#Gaining_a_tempo gains a tempo] and when he takes one more move than necessary he [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tempo_%28chess%29#Losing_a_tempo loses a tempo].
=Force, Space and Time=
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siegbert_Tarrasch Tarrasch's] concept of force, [[Space|space]] and time <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siegbert_Tarrasch Siegbert Tarrasch] ('''1931'''). [http://www.amazon.de/Das-Schachspiel-Originalfassung-Siegbert-Tarrasch/dp/3938484845 Das Schachspiel] Die Eröffnung I. Allgemeiner Teil Die Kräfte, Der Raum, Die Zeit, Tempobilanz (German)</ref> and their equivalence (to some extend) is considered by [[Material|material]] (force), [[Piece-Square Tables|piece placement]] and [[Center Control|center control]] (space) and roughly by [[Mobility|mobility]] (space and time) inside the [[Evaluation|evaluation]] of a chess program. Whether gaining three tempos in a [[Gambit|gambit opening]] is worth a [[Pawn|pawn]], is a matter of considering [[Development|piece development]] and [[King Safety|king safety]] issues related to center [[Pawn Structure|pawn structure]] (open/close, [[Pawn Levers (Bitboards)|lever]] options) and [[Castling|castling]] abilities, f.i. estimating number of moves to castle, and certain long term deficiencies. Also, some programs better rely more or less on the [[Opening Book|opening book]] to play gambits well.
=Tempo Bonus=
To avoid [[Odd-Even Effect#ScoreOscillation|score oscillations]] on the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parity_%28mathematics%29 parity] of the search depth, some programs give a small bonus for having the right to move - the premise being that it is usually advantageous to be able to [[Null Move Observation|do something]], except in the [[Zugzwang|zugzwang]] positions. That bonus is useful mainly in the opening and middle game positions, but can be counterproductive in the [[Endgame|endgame]].
=See also=
* [[Development]]
* [[Gambit]]
* [[Mobility]]
* [[Null Move Observation]]
* [[Odd-Even Effect]]
: [[Odd-Even Effect#ScoreOscillation|Score Oscillation]]
* [[Opening]]
* [[Side to move]]
* [[Space]]
* [[Quiescence Search#StandPat|Standing Pat]] in [[Quiescence Search]]
* [[Tempo (engine)]]
* [[Transposition]]
* [[Triangulation]]
* [[Null Move Pruning#VariableNMBound|Variable Null Move Bound]]
* [[Zugzwang]]
=Forum Posts=
==1997 ...==
* [http://groups.google.com/group/rec.games.chess.computer/browse_frm/thread/d3e7bdb00afc9dc4 PROG: odd/even score alternance] by [[Rémi Coulom]], [[Computer Chess Forums|rgcc]], June 5, 1997
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=10903 pv score oscillation] by [[Will Singleton|Willie Wood]], [[CCC]], October 18, 1997
==2000 ...==
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=148445 Bonus points for side to move in qsearch?] by [[Leen Ammeraal]], [[CCC]], January 06, 2001
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=158704 Testposition - The Vital Tempo] by [[Sune Larsson]], [[CCC]], March 15, 2001
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=21538 How to tune the bonus for having the move] by [[Don Dailey]], [[CCC]], June 01, 2008 <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50222 The creativity of Don Dailey] by [[Miguel A. Ballicora]], [[CCC]], November 25, 2013</ref>
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=28167 Side to Move Bonus - does it help?] by [[Mark Lefler]], [[CCC]], May 29, 2009
==2010 ...==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=37732 Why works an oscillating TempoValue?] by [[Marek Kwiatkowski]], [[CCC]], January 21, 2011
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=42982 stand pat or side to move bonus] by [[Larry Kaufman]], [[CCC]], March 22, 2012
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=48349 First move advantage] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], June 19, 2013 » [[Opening]]
* [http://www.open-chess.org/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=2985 Symmetrical evaluation and endgame] by Hamfer, [[Computer Chess Forums|OpenChess Forum]], June 02, 2016 » [[Asymmetric evaluation]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=65558 side-to-move bonus for several eval terms] by [[Sander Maassen vd Brink]], [[CCC]], October 27, 2017
=External Links=
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tempo_%28chess%29 Tempo (chess) from Wikipedia]
* [http://www.chessguru.net/get_better/chess_tempo/ Tempo, a fundamental concept in chess] from [http://www.chessguru.net/ chessguru.net]
* [[Videos#YamanduCosta|Yamandu Costa]] - Tempo de [http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crian%C3%A7a Criança], 2003, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube YouTube] Video
: {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bOU8f8gm83M|alignment=left|valignment=top}}
=References=
<references />
'''[[Evaluation|Up one Level]]'''
