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'''Syzygy Bases''', <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=47681&start=45 Re: New 6-piece tablebases] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], April 10, 2013</ref><br/>
a compact six piece endgame database developed by [[Ronald de Man]], published on April 01, 2013. Since August 2018, '''seven piece''' Syzygy Bases are available after an effort by [[Bojun Guo]] started in March 2018 <ref>[http://talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=66797&start=472 Re: 7-men Syzygy attempt] by [[Bojun Guo]], [[CCC]], August 19, 2018 </ref>. Syzygy Bases consist of two sets of files, '''WDL''' files storing win/draw/loss information considering the [[Fifty-move Rule|fifty-move rule]] for access during [[Search|search]], and '''DTZ''' files with [[Endgame Tablebases#DTZ50|distance-to-zero]] information for access at the [[Root|root]]. The generator is released under the [[Free Software Foundation#GPL|GNU General Public License Version 2]], the [[Thread|thread safe]] probing code is released without restrictions <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=47681 New 6-piece tablebases] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], April 01, 2013</ref> . As of February 2015, all 3-5 and most important 6-men Syzygy Bases are commercially available on 4 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVD DVDs] by [[ChessBase]] as ''Endgame Turbo 4'' for their products [[Fritz|Deep Fritz 14]], [[Komodo#8|Komodo Chess 8]], [[Houdini|Houdini 4]] or [[ChessBase (Database)|ChessBase 12/13]] <ref>[http://shop.chessbase.com/en/products/endspiel_turbo_4 Endgame Turbo 4] by [[ChessBase]]</ref> <ref>[http://en.chessbase.com/post/syzygy-tablebases-newest-fastest-smallest Syzygy Tablebases: newest, fastest, smallest] by [[Albert Silver]], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], February 08, 2015</ref>.
=Data=
==File TypeTypes==There are Syzygy Bases consist of two file types: sets of files, '''WDL ''' files (extension .rtbw) storing win/draw/loss information considering the [[Fifty-move Rule|fifty-move rule]] for access during [[Search|search]], and '''DTZ ''' files (extension .rtbz)with [[Endgame Tablebases#DTZ50|distance-to-zero]] information for access at the [[Root|root]]. WDL has full data for two sides but DTZ DTZ50 omitted data of one side to save space. Each endgame has a pair of those types.
==File Sizes==
==Comparision==
Syzygy EGTB is significantly smaller than all any existent [[Endgame Tablebases#DTM|DTM]] EGTBsEGTB. It is 7 times as small as Gaviota for 5 men, 8 times as small as Nalimov for 7 6 men, 8 times as small as Lomonosov for 7 men. However, when all DTM EGTBs have full data of two sides, Syzygy EGTB omits data of one side for DTZ data to save space. [[Ronald de Man]] estimated that if keep them all, the Syzygy's 6 men size may increase 158 GB, become 240 307 GBin total, double on size, 5 be 4 times as small as Nalimov 5 6 men.
=7-manGeneration=Generation of 7==Up to 6-man tablebases would require about 1 TB of RAM. Generation time will be about 64 x per table, which means around 175 x time total <ref>[http://kirill-kryukov.com/chess/discussion-board/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=7396#p83338 Re: Syzygy tb generator for windows] by [[Ronald de Man|syzygy]], [[Computer Chess Forums|CCRL Discussion Board]], June On the first release (Apr 01, 2014</ref> 2013) the generator was ready to generate all endgames up to 6 men. Ronald de Man wasn't initially interested It is multithreading and processes completely in creation of 7-men Syzygy Based <ref>[http://kirill-kryukov.com/chess/discussion-board/viewtopicRAM.php?f=To generate all 6&t=7618#p83771 Re: 7-piece syzygy] by [[Ronald de Man|syzygy]]men, [[Computer Chess Forums|CCRL Discussion Board]], July 03, 2014</ref>. But it requires a system with at least 32 GB of RAM and may run in 2018, he supported [[Bojun Guo]] in his 5 month attempt to generated them <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=66797 7-men Syzygy attempt] by [[Bojun Guo]], [[CCC]], March 10, 2018</ref>. In August of 2018 their creation days (the period was completed<ref>[https://syzygymeasured with a computer 6-tablescore i3930K @ 4.info/ Powered by Ronald de Man's Syzygy endgame tablebases2Ghz, 7-piece tables generated by Bojun Guo and a public API hosted by lichess.org], August 19, 2018</ref><ref>[http://tablebase.lichess.ovh/tables/standard/7/ Index of /tables/standard/7/ on lichess], August 19, 2018</ref>64 GB).
=During the Search=7-man== During Ronald de Man wasn't initially interested in the creation of 7-men Syzygy Based <ref>[http://kirill-kryukov.com/chess/discussion-board/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=7618#p83771 Re: 7-piece syzygy] by [Search[Ronald de Man|syzygy]], [[Computer Chess Forums|searchCCRL Discussion Board]], with July 03, 2014</ref> since the WDL tables stored on generation would require about 1 TB of RAM, too expensive at that time. Generation time would be about 64 x per table, which means around 175 x time total <ref>[httpshttp://enkirill-kryukov.wikipedia.orgcom/wikichess/Soliddiscussion-state_drive SSDboard/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=7396#p83338 Re: Syzygy tb generator for windows] by [[Ronald de Man|syzygy]], [[Computer Chess Forums|CCRL Discussion Board]], June 01, 2014</ref>.His original generator could not create them. But in 2018, he supported [[Bojun Guo] ] in his 5-month attempt to generated them <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=47931&start=2 Re: SSD and the use of Tablebases66797 7-men Syzygy attempt] by [[Ronald de ManBojun Guo]], [[CCC]], May 08March 10, 20132018</ref> , it is possible to probe the tables . His hardware was estimated at all over US$ 90K. In August of 2018 their creation was completed <ref>[[Depth|depths]] without much slowdownhttps://syzygy-tables. They have been tested in info/ Powered by Ronald de Man's engine Syzygy endgame tablebases, 7-piece tables generated by Bojun Guo and a public API hosted by lichess.org], August 19, 2018</ref><ref>[[Sjaak]] (playing http://tablebase.lichess.ovh/tables/standard/7/ Index of /tables/standard/7/ on [[FICSlichess]] as TrojanKnight(C)) a couple of months quite successfully, don't probing in [[Quiescence Search|quiescence search]]August 19, 2018</ref>.
=At the Root=8-man== At After the [[Root|root]]completion of 7-man, since pure DTZ50many people start being curious about the feasibleness of building 8-optimal play (iman. Ronald de Man made an estimation that task requires computers with 64 TB RAM and 2000 TB hard disks<ref>[http://talkchess.ecom/forum3/viewtopic. minimaxing php?f=2&t=74185&sid=016570559fa97e785404dd65020c0ad6&start=20#p848245 Re: What is the number of moves best way to obtain the next 7-piece tablebases?] by [[CapturesRonald de Man|capturesyzygy]] or , [[Pawn Push|pawn moveCCC]] by either side) can be very unnatural, it might be desirable to let the engine search on the winning moves until it becomes clear that insufficient progress is being made and only then switch to DTZ-optimal play June 22, 2020</ref> (e.g. by detecting [[Repetitions|repetitions]] costed about $640K and monitoring the [[Halfmove Clock|halfmove clock]]) $40K respectively in 2020 <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forumforum3/viewtopic.php?t=4768174185&start=8 30#p848394 Re: New 6What is the best way to obtain the 7-piece tablebases?] by [[Ronald de ManDann Corbit]], [[CCC]], April 05June 23, 20132020</ref> ).
=Quotes= by [[Ronald de Man]] in a reply to [[Guy Haworth]], April 06, 2013 <ref>[http://kirill-kryukov.com/chess/discussion-board/viewtopic.php?fChecksums=6&t=6971&start=6 Re: New 6Syzygy endgame files may contain 128-piece tablebase generator] by [[Ronald de Man|syzygy]], [[Computer Chess Forums|CCRL Discussion Board]], April 06, 2013</ref> : I create both WDL and DTZ in one go, so I don't use WDL in bit checksum keys at the creation end of DTZthose files. The algorithm used is the [[Retrograde Analysis#Algorithm|grandfather algorithm]] with 2 plies per iteration It also has its own code for checksums (I think [[Harm Geert Muller|HGM]] calls this leapfrogging, but I might be wrong). I tried the outcounting method, but it didn't seem to be competitive (and it makes things more complicated). <ref>[http://www.open-chess.org/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=779 Retrograde tablebase methods] by [[Mark Watkins|BB+]], [[Computer Chess Forums|OpenChess Forum]], November 26, 2010</ref> <ref>[http://home.hccnet.nl/h.g.muller/EGT7/retro.html Leapfrog: Retrograde Analysis] from [http://home.hccnet.nl/h.g.muller/EGT7/7-men.html Leapfrog tablebase generator] by [[Harm Geert Muller]]</ref> A pure WDL/DTZ pair is not of much use for creating WDL50+/DTZ50+. I create tables in RAM that have all the information necessary for WDL50+ and DTZ50+, then permute them to different indexing schemes and compress. I do test runs based on subsets of the data to find good permutations. (The idea to try permutations is from [[Jesper Torp Kristensen|Jesper Torp KristensenGoogle's]] master thesis.) <ref>[[Jesper Torp Kristensen]] ('''2005'''cityhash library). ''[https://issuu.com/jespertk/docs/master_thesis Generation and compression of endgame tables in chess with fast random access using OBDDs]''. Master thesis, supervisor [[Mathematician#Miltersen|Peter Bro Miltersen]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aarhus_University Aarhus University]</ref> <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_decision_diagram OBDD - Ordered Binary Decision Diagram from Wikipedia]</ref>
=Endgame NewsSearch= In his 2014 ''Chess Endgame News'' in ==During the Search== During the [[ICGA Journal#37_2Search|ICGA Journalsearch]], Volwith the WDL tables stored on [https://en. 37, Nowikipedia. 2]org/wiki/Solid-state_drive SSD] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=47931&start=2 Re: SSD and the use of Tablebases] by [[Guy HaworthRonald de Man]] ('''2014'''). ''Chess Endgame News''. , [[ICGA Journal#37_2|ICGA JournalCCC]], Vol. 37May 08, No. 2]]2013</ref> , it is possible to probe the tables at all [[Guy HaworthDepth|depths]] classified Syzygy Bases as '''new''' data without much slowdown. They have been tested in Ronald de Man'''three''' ways:# 5-valued scale for evaluating positions in the context of the s engine [[FIDESjaak]] (playing on [[Fifty-move Rule|50-move ruleFICS]] as TrojanKnight(50mrC) which constrains the length ) a couple of phases of play## +2 ≡ unconditional win for the side to move## +1 ≡ ‘win’ which can be frustrated by best play and a 50mr draw-claim## <span style="color: #ffffff;">_</span>0 ≡ unconditional draw## -1 ≡ ‘loss’ saved by a 50mr draw-claim## -2 ≡ unconditional loss# depths for ‘50mr draw’ positions with value ±1# depths months quite successfully, don't probing in symmetric, information-preserving ply ‘p’[[Quiescence Search|quiescence search]].
==At the Root== At the [[Root|root]], since pure DTZ50-optimal play (i.e. minimaxing the number of moves to the next [[Captures|capture]] or [[Pawn Push|pawn move]] by either side) can be very unnatural, it might be desirable to let the engine search on the winning moves until it becomes clear that insufficient progress is being made and further gives some news about early software bugs and glitches concerning only then switch to DTZ-optimal play (e.g. by detecting [[ChessBaseRepetitions|repetitions]] products, and monitoring the importance of [https[Halfmove Clock|halfmove clock]]) <ref>[http://enwww.wikipediatalkchess.orgcom/wikiforum/MD5 MD5] to check the EGT integrityviewtopic.<span idphp?t=47681&start="Fathom">8 Re: New 6-piece tablebases] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], April 05, 2013</spanref>.
=Pros& Cons===Pros==* Small sizes. It is about 8 times (it omitted data of one side, thus if it has full data, the factor is actually 3 times) as small as the second-best EGTBs. Having small sizes is the main success key of Syzygy Bases since it helps is much easier to create, store and , provide it much easier , download than other EGTBs
* Free and more popular (than other EGTBs) to find on the Internet
* Support [[Endgame Tablebases#DTZ50|DTZ50]] metric. That metric can help engines to have better results than [[Endgame Tablebases#DTM|DTM]] which is supported widely by other EGTBs
==Cons==* Hard to integrate with chess engines. [[Ronald de Man]] has not provided probing code as an independent library. Instead, he provided it but as a part of [[Stockfish]] chess engines. The probe code has integrated too deeply with that chess engine code and it requires a lot of effort to de-integrate. All make the reuse of the code for , modify and integrate with other chess engines become hard jobsprojects* Hard to understand and contribute to the project. ETGB itself is a hard topic. Syzygy EGTB has also integrated with many advance advanced techniques/tricks. It is written in old-style C language. All make it become very hard to understand and/or modify to improve or for other purposes* [[Endgame Tablebases#DTZ50|DTZ50]] metric may lead the engines to win in much longer and ugly ways, compared with [[Endgame Tablebases#DTM|DTM]] one =Data publish=[[Ronald de Man]] has provided only open source code for generators/probers but not endgame files themselves. Using his tools some people have generated endgames and published them via DVD or online. ==DVD==As of February 2015, all 3-5 and most important 6-men Syzygy Bases are commercially available on 4 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVD DVDs] by [[ChessBase]] as ''Endgame Turbo 4'' for their products [[Fritz|Deep Fritz 14]], [[Komodo#8|Komodo Chess 8]], [[Houdini|Houdini 4]] or [[ChessBase (Database)|ChessBase 12/13]] <ref>[http://shop.chessbase.com/en/products/endspiel_turbo_4 Endgame Turbo 4] by [[ChessBase]]</ref> <ref>[http://en.chessbase.com/post/syzygy-tablebases-newest-fastest-smallest Syzygy Tablebases: newest, fastest, smallest] by [[Albert Silver]], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], February 08, 2015</ref>.
=Endgame =Free Download==[[Ronald de Man]] has provided only open source code for generators/probers but not endgame files themselves. Using his tools some people have generated endgames and published them online via There are some free FTP servers for downloading such as FTP server of [[Bojun Guo]], and [[Lichess]] serverservers.
===3-6 men===
===7 men===
All 7 men files' size is over 16.7 TiB, over storages of typical modern computers. They also require a long time to download too. Thus some users choose to download one or a few endgames only, based on their statistics of use in endgames. Bellow is the top 20 of those endgames by their order. The first one, KRPPvKRP, has a significantly higher frequency of use than the others and should be always downloaded.:
{| class="wikitable"|-! Rank! Name ! Rank! Name ! Rank! Name ! Rank! Name |-! 1 | style="text-align:right;" | KRPPvKRP, ! 6| style="text-align:right;" | KNPPvKNP! 11| style="text-align:right;" | KBPPvKNP! 16| style="text-align:right;" | KRBPPvKR|-! 2 | style="text-align:right;" | KBPPvKBP, ! 7| style="text-align:right;" | KNPPvKBP! 12| style="text-align:right;" | KRPPvKRB! 17| style="text-align:right;" | KBPPvKPP|-! 3 | style="text-align:right;" | KPPPvKPP, ! 8 | style="text-align:right;" | KRBPvKRP! 13| style="text-align:right;" | KRPPvKPP! 18| style="text-align:right;" | KRPPPvKP|-! 4| style="text-align:right;" | KRPPPvKR, KQPPvKQP, KNPPvKNP, KNPPvKBP, KRBPvKRP, ! 9| style="text-align:right;" | KQPPvKPP, KQPPPvKP,KBPPvKNP, KRPPvKRB, KRPPvKPP, ! 14| style="text-align:right;" | KBPPvKRP, KRNPvKRP, KRBPPvKR, KBPPvKPP, KRPPPvKP, ! 19| style="text-align:right;" | KRBPvKRB, KRPPvKRN|-! 5| style="text-align:right;" | KQPPvKQP! 10| style=Checksums"text-align:right;" | KQPPPvKP! 15| style= "text-align:right;" | KRNPvKRPSyzygy endgame files may contain 128! 20| style="text-bit checksum keys at the end of those files. It also has its own code for checksums (based on Google's cityhash library).align:right;" | KRPPvKRN|}
=Probe Code and Tools=
==1) Stockfish==
[[Ronald de Man]] did not provide the probe code as an independent library. Instead, he published it firstly as an already integrated code for [[Stockfish]] chess engines. It is c++ code and it has been rewritten, updated several times by [[Stockfish]] team.
==2) Fathom==
'''Fathom''' is a stand-alone Syzygy based probing tool and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_programming_interface API] by [[Basil Falcinelli]], introduced in November 2015 along with his [[Gull|Gull 3]] release <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=58299 Gull 3 Linux+Syzygy and Fathom released] by [[Basil Falcinelli]], [[CCC]], November 20, 2015</ref> . Unlike the original tbprobe code, Fathom does not necessarily require the callee to provide [[Move Generation|move generation]] functionality. The new modifications and extensions to Ronald de Man's original code which can be "redistributed and/or modified without restrictions", are released under the permissive [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology#License|MIT License]]. The API consists of three functions <ref>[https://github.com/basil00/Fathom GitHub - basil00/Fathom: Syzygy TB probe tool] by [[Basil Falcinelli]]</ref> :
* tb_init initializes the tablebase
[[Jon Dart]] has a fork of Fathom with some bug fixes and enhancements <ref>[https://github.com/jdart1/Fathom jdart1/Fathom · GitHub] by [[Jon Dart]]</ref>, also supporting 7-man <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=70568 7-man Syzygy support in Fathom] by [[Jon Dart]], [[CCC]], April 23, 2019</ref>.
==Pyrrhic=='''Pyrrhic''' is a cleaned up Fathom by [[Andrew Grant]], introduced in August 2020 <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=74809 Pyrrhic, Fathom for Humanoids] by [[Andrew Grant]], [[CCC]], August 16, 2020</ref> <ref>[https://github.com/AndyGrant/Pyrrhic/ GitHub - AndyGrant/Pyrrhic: Fathom, for Humanoids]</ref>. =Elo gain=[[Stockfish#Fishtest|Fishtest]] team revealed a test with [[Stockfish]] (SF10dev) at 10+0.1, with all Syzygy WDL files on RAM, testing using none(0), 4, 5, and 6 man TB in a round-robin tournament<ref>https://github.com/glinscott/fishtest/wiki/UsefulData Collection of useful data concerning SF</ref>. {| class="wikitable"|-! Rank! Name ! Elo ! +/-! Games! Score! Draws|-! 1 | style="text-align:right;" | syzygy6 | style="text-align:right;" | 13 | style="text-align:right;" | 2| style="text-align:right;" | 82591| style="text-align:right;" | 51.8%| style="text-align:right;" | 59.5%|-! 2 | style="text-align:right;" | syzygy5 | style="text-align:right;" | 2 | style="text-align:right;" | 2| style="text-align:right;" | 82590| style="text-align:right;" | 50.3%| style="text-align:right;" | 59.4%|-! 3 | style="text-align:right;" | syzygy4| style="text-align:right;" | -7 | style="text-align:right;" | 2| style="text-align:right;" | 82591| style="text-align:right;" | 49.0%| style="text-align:right;" | 59.3%|-! 4| style="text-align:right;" | syzygy0| style="text-align:right;" | -7| style="text-align:right;" | 2| style="text-align:right;" | 82592| style="text-align:right;" | 48.9%| style="text-align:right;" | 59.4%|} =Quotes=by [[Ronald de Man]] in a reply to [[Guy Haworth]], April 06, 2013 <ref>[http://kirill-kryukov.com/chess/discussion-board/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=6971&start=6 Re: New 6-piece tablebase generator] by [[Ronald de Man|syzygy]], [[Computer Chess Forums|CCRL Discussion Board]], April 06, 2013</ref> : I create both WDL and DTZ in one go, so I don't use WDL in the creation of DTZ. The algorithm used is the [[Retrograde Analysis#Algorithm|grandfather algorithm]] with 2 plies per iteration (I think [[Harm Geert Muller|HGM]] calls this leapfrogging, but I might be wrong). I tried the outcounting method, but it didn't seem to be competitive (and it makes things more complicated). <ref>[http://www.open-chess.org/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=779 Retrograde tablebase methods] by [[Mark Watkins|BB+]], [[Computer Chess Forums|OpenChess Forum]], November 26, 2010</ref> <ref>[http://home.hccnet.nl/h.g.muller/EGT7/retro.html Leapfrog: Retrograde Analysis] from [http://home.hccnet.nl/h.g.muller/EGT7/7-men.html Leapfrog tablebase generator] by [[Harm Geert Muller]]</ref> A pure WDL/DTZ pair is not of much use for creating WDL50+/DTZ50+. I create tables in RAM that have all the information necessary for WDL50+ and DTZ50+, then permute them to different indexing schemes and compress. I do test runs on subsets of the data to find good permutations. (The idea to try permutations is from [[Jesper Torp Kristensen|Jesper Torp Kristensen's]] master thesis.) <ref>[[Jesper Torp Kristensen]] ('''2005'''). ''[https://issuu.com/jespertk/docs/master_thesis Generation and compression of endgame tables in chess with fast random access using OBDDs]''. Master thesis, supervisor [[Mathematician#Miltersen|Peter Bro Miltersen]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aarhus_University Aarhus University]</ref> <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_decision_diagram OBDD - Ordered Binary Decision Diagram from Wikipedia]</ref> [[Ronald de Man]] in a reply to [[Pham Hong Nguyen|Nguyen Pham]], April 15, 2020 <ref>[http://talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=73598 Re: Almost perfect DTM tablebase] by [[Dann Corbit]], [[Computer Chess Forums|CCRL Discussion Board]], April 15, 2020</ref> : Syzygy WDL is double sided, DTZ is single sided. So to know whether a 7-piece position is winning, losing or drawn (or cursed), the engine needs to do only a single probe of a 7-piece WDL table. (It may in addition have to do some probes of 6-piece WDL tables if any direct captures are available.) If the engine needs to know the DTZ value (which is only necessary when a TB root position has been reached), the probing code may have to do a 1-ply search to get to the "right" side of the DTZ table. For 6-piece TBs, DTZ is 81.9GB when storing only the smaller side of each table. Storing both sides might require perhaps 240GB. [[Morgan Houppin]] explained why his chess engine [[Stash]] doesn't have Syzygy probe code, March 25, 2021 <ref>[http://talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=76927#p888045 Re: Stash has lost 2 game because of NO EGTB] by [[Morgan Houppin]], [[CCC]], March 25, 2021</ref> : Syzygy probing is a hell of a mess, and I don't want to plug two thousand lines of foreign code that I don't understand, nor do I have the motivation to fully understand how Syzygy files are stored, and then write the additional two thousand lines of code to read them for a mere 5 Elo gain at TCEC. =Endgame News= In his 2014 ''Chess Endgame News'' in [[ICGA Journal#37_2|ICGA Journal, Vol. 37, No. 2]] <ref>[[Guy Haworth]] ('''2014'''). ''Chess Endgame News''. [[ICGA Journal#37_2|ICGA Journal, Vol. 37, No. 2]]</ref> , [[Guy Haworth]] classified Syzygy Bases as '''new''' data in '''three''' ways:# 5-valued scale for evaluating positions in the context of the [[FIDE]] [[Fifty-move Rule|50-move rule]] (50mr) which constrains the length of phases of play## +2 ≡ unconditional win for the side to move## +1 ≡ ‘win’ which can be frustrated by best play and a 50mr draw-claim## <span style="color: #ffffff;">_</span>0 ≡ unconditional draw## -1 ≡ ‘loss’ saved by a 50mr draw-claim## -2 ≡ unconditional loss# depths for ‘50mr draw’ positions with value ±1# depths in symmetric, information-preserving ply ‘p’ and further gives some news about early software bugs and glitches concerning [[ChessBase]] products, and the importance of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD5 MD5] to check the EGT integrity.
=See also=
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=60312&start=240 Natural TB (take 2)] by [[Marco Costalba]], [[CCC]], August 22, 2017 » [[Stockfish]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=65284 Probing tablebases through USB 3.0] by [[Jon Fredrik Åsvang]], [[CCC]], September 25, 2017 » [[Memory#USB3|USB 3.0]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=65390 understanding DTZ] by [[Alexandru Mosoi]], [[CCC]], October 06, 2017 » [[Endgame Tablebases#DTZ|DTZ]], [[Syzygy Bases#Fathom|Fathom]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=65713 Is there now coming changes to syzygy databases?] by [[Jouni Uski]], [[CCC]], November 13, 2017 » [[Endgame Tablebases#DTM|DTM]], [[CFish]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=66096 How to Download Syzygy Endgame Tablebase Files] by Daniel Johnson, [[CCC]], December 23, 2017
: [http://talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=66797&start=472 Re: 7-men Syzygy attempt] by [[Bojun Guo]], [[CCC]], August 19, 2018
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=66830 Syzygy implementations of top engines] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], March 14, 2018
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=67122 Probing the Syzygy tablebase - beginners question] by [[Andreas Matthies]], [[CCC]], April 16, 2018
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=67536 DTM50] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], May 22, 2018
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=68236 Re-Pair compression questions] by [[Rein Halbersma]], [[CCC]], August 17, 2018
'''2019'''
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=70074 Testing the implementation of Syzygy] by [[Vincent Tang]], [[CCC]], March 02, 2019
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=70568 7-man Syzygy support in Fathom] by [[Jon Dart]], [[CCC]], April 23, 2019» [[#Fathom|Fathom]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=71397 Simplest use of syzygy table] by [[Vivien Clauzon]], [[CCC]], July 28, 2019
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=71512 SYZYGY question] by [[Robert Hyatt]], [[CCC]], August 11, 2019 » [[Crafty]], [[En passant]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=71625 Syzygy 7 man advice please] by Barry Clements, [[CCC]], August 21, 2019
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=71896 Syzygy DTZ data explaination?] by [[Pham Hong Nguyen|Nguyen Pham]], [[CCC]], September 23, 2019
==2020 ...==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=73598 Almost perfect DTM tablebase] by [[Dann Corbit]], [[CCC]], April 08, 2020
* [http://talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=74185 What is the best way to obtain the 7-piece tablebases?] by [[Mark Thellen]], [[CCC]], June 15, 2020
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=74809 Pyrrhic, Fathom for Humanoids] by [[Andrew Grant]], [[CCC]], August 16, 2020 » [[#Pyrrhic|Pyrrhic]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=75396 EGTB compression] by [[Dann Corbit]], [[CCC]], October 14, 2020 <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LZ4_(compression_algorithm) LZ4 (compression algorithm) from Wikipedia]</ref> <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zstandard Zstandard from Wikipedia]</ref>
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=75487 Syzygy bases ... question to "Syzygy Probe Depth"] by [[Frank Quisinsky]], [[CCC]], October 21, 2020
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=75906 Fathom and 7-men] by [[Joshua Shriver]], [[CCC]], November 24, 2020 » [[#Fathom|Fathom]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=75973 Problem with Syzygy tablebase] by [[Elias Nilsson]], [[CCC]], December 03, 2020
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=76010 Can EGTB storage requirements be reduced using this scheme?] by mmt, [[CCC]], December 07, 2020
'''2021'''
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=77267 Syzygy Tablebase Names: A very stupid exercise] by [[Andrew Grant]], [[CCC]], May 08, 2021
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=77358 syzygy implementation] by [[Michael Hoffmann|Desperado]], [[CCC]], May 23, 2021
* [http://talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=77400 When will 8 piece tablebase be ready?] by [[Agustin Jorge Pichardo]], [[CCC]], May 29, 2021
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=77499 Syzygy bases from memory] by [[Ed Schroder|Ed Schröder]], [[CCC]], June 16, 2021 » [[KPK]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=78080 Syzygy benefit for current SF] by [[Jouni]], [[CCC]], September 02, 2021
'''2022'''
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=79938 Definite occurance ranking of 7-Man EGTB] by [[Daniel Infuehr]], [[CCC]], May 24, 2022
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=80522 Fathom, munmap issue] by [[Pawel Osikowski]], [[CCC]], August 19, 2022
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=80608 Are tablebases useless for Stockfish15?] by [[Jouni]], [[CCC]], September 02, 2022
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=80696 endgame table generation] by [[Dave Gomboc]], [[CCC]], September 17, 2022
=External Links=
==Tablebase==
* [https://github.com/syzygy1/tb syzygy1/tb · GitHub] by [[Ronald de Man]]
* [https://github.com/jdart1/Fathom jdart1/Fathom · GitHub] by [[Jon Dart]] (with some bug fixes and enhancements)
* [https://github.com/ljgw/syzygy-bridge GitHub - ljgw/syzygy-bridge: Java bridge to use the Syzygy Tablebases via JNI] by [[Laurens Winkelhagen]] » [[FrankWalter]]
==Pyrrhic==
* [https://github.com/AndyGrant/Pyrrhic/ GitHub - AndyGrant/Pyrrhic: Fathom, for Humanoids] by [[Andrew Grant]]
==Online Lookup==
* [https://www.chessdb.cn/queryc_en/ Chess Cloud Database Query Interface] by [[Bojun Guo|noobpwnftw]] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=71764 ChessDBCN] by [[Bojun Guo|noobpwnftw]], [[CCC]], September 09, 2019</ref>
* [https://syzygy-tables.info/ Syzygy endgame tablebases Web Interface]
==ChessBase==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syzygy_%28mathematics%29 Syzygy (mathematics) from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caledonian_Antisyzygy Caledonian Antisyzygy from Wikipedia]
* [[:Category:Michael Brecker|Michael Brecker Band]] - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Brecker_(album) Syzygy], August 16[https://www.bjd.sk/archiv-1979-2001#1987 BJD 1987], 1987 at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newport_Jazz_Festival Newport Jazz FestivalBratislava Bratislava], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube YouTube] VideoVideos: [[:Category:Michael Brecker|Michael Brecker]], [[:Category:Mike Stern|Mike Stern]], [https://de-de.facebook.com/JeffAndrewsBassPage/ Jeff Andrews], [https[:Category://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Nussbaum Adam Nussbaum|Adam Nussbaum]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joey_Calderazzo Joey Calderazzo]: {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lgVxFM7cONQcU9aDLOG89o|alignment=left|valignment=top}}: {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BUcz1YD0Nr8|alignment=left|valignment=top}}
=References=
[[Category:Quotes]]
[[Category:Michael Brecker]]
[[Category:Adam Nussbaum]]
[[Category:Mike Stern]]
