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SciSys Leonardo

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'''[[Main Page|Home]] * [[Dedicated Chess Computers]] * [[Module]] * SciSys Leonardo'''<br/>
'''[[Main Page|Home]] * [[Engines]] * SciSys Leonardo'''

[[FILE:Scisys_Leonardo.JPG|border|right|thumb|320px|link=http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/html/leonardo.html| Leonardo with [[Saitek Maestro|Maestro]] module <ref>Image of [http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/html/leonardo.html Leonardo] from [http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/index.html Chess Computer UK] by [[Mike Watters]]</ref> ]]

'''SciSys Leonardo''', (Kasparov Leonardo)<br/>
a [[Dedicated Chess Computers|dedicated chess computer]] by [[Saitek|SciSys]] released in 1986, featuring a full sized wooden magnetic [[Sensory Board|sensory board]] with file and rank [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-emitting_diode LEDs], expandable with [[Module|modules]] with own processors and programs. Opposed to other dedicated modular chess systems, the Leonardo already had a basic program on board - written by [[Julio Kaplan]] and [[Craig Barnes]] of [[Heuristic Software]], running on a [[6800]] compatible [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hitachi Hitachi] [[6800#6301|6301Y]] controller, which was also the program of the none modular ''SciSys Turbo S-24K'' <ref>[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/SciSys_Turbo_S-24K SciSys Turbo S-24K] from [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En Schachcomputer.info Wiki] (German)</ref> .

=Tournaments=
SciSys Leonardo played the [[Aegon 1986]] with two wins and a draw, and the [[Aegon 1987]] where it drew two games out of six.
<span id="OSA"></span>
=OSA=
SciSys' or [[Saitek|Saitek's]] ''Open System Architecture'' (OSA) implements a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_communication serial connection] of the Leonardo, or its subsequent models Galileo or Renaissance to [[Hardware#Home|home computers]] or [[IBM PC|PCs]]. The OSA link cable [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAX232 converts] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor%E2%80%93transistor_logic TTL] to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RS-232 RS-232] levels and vice versa <ref>[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/OSA_Link_Cable OSA Link Cable] from [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En Schachcomputer.info Wiki]</ref> <ref>[[Saitek]] ('''1987'''). ''Connection Cable for Leonardo Chess Computer - The Link: Leonardo's OSA connection to computers and printers''. [http://alain.zanchetta.free.fr/docs/Saitek/OsaCableUS.pdf pdf] hosted by [[Alain Zanchetta]]</ref>. This allows to use the [[Sensory Board|sensory board]] as [[Entering Moves|move input device]] of chess program [[GUI|GUIs]] such as [[Arena]] <ref>[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/OSA_for_Arena OSA] for [[Arena]] © 2009-2012 [[Achim Pietig]], hosted by [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En Schachcomputer.info Wiki]</ref>, or the dedicated [[User Interface|user interfaces]] like [[Gavon]].
<span id="Galileo"></span>
=Saitek Galileo=
In 1988, one year after SciSys became [[Saitek]], the Leonardo was renamed the Galileo for copyright reasons and the machine was upgraded for faster response <ref>[http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/html/leonardo.html Leonardo] from [http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/index.html Chess Computer UK] by [[Mike Watters]]</ref> .
<span id="Renaissance"></span>
=Saitek Renaissance=
[[FILE:gavon_renaissence.jpg|border|right|thumb|320px|link=Gavon#Renaissance| Saitek Renaissance OSA-linked with [[Gavon#Renaissance|Gavon]] <ref>[[Gavon]] image courtesy [[Josu Bergara Ede]]</ref> ]]

In 1989, the Renaissance board appeared with almost the same base program and featuring [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid-crystal_display LCD] and 9x9 square indicator LEDs - four sorrounding each square, and analyse and autoplayer modes.

=See also=
* [[Leonardo Torres y Quevedo]]
* [[Mathematician#Fibonacci|Mathematician | Leonardo Fibonacci]]
* [[Mathematician#Leonardo|Mathematician | Leonardo da Vinci]]
* [[Mathematician#GalileoGalilei|Mathematician | Galileo Galilei]]
* [[Sensory Board]]

=Modules=
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Module
! Release
! Authors
! Processor
! MHz a
! ROM [KiB]
! RAM [KiB]
|-
| [[Saitek Analyst]]
| 1989
| [[Julio Kaplan]], [[Craig Barnes]]
| [[6502|65C02]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 4-10
| style="text-align:right;" | A-D, D+, [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_D%2B%2B D++], 40-216
| style="text-align:right;" | 16
|-
| [[Saitek Maestro]]
| 1989
| [[Julio Kaplan]], [[Craig Barnes]]
| [[6502|65C02]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 4-10
| style="text-align:right;" | A-D, D+, [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_D%2B%2B D++], 40-216
| style="text-align:right;" | 16
|-
| [[Saitek Brute Force]]
| 1992
| [[Frans Morsch]]
| [[H8]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 10
| style="text-align:right;" | 32
| style="text-align:right;" | 257
|-
| [[Kasparov Sparc|Saitek Sparc]] <ref>Due to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_supply power supply] issues, the [[Kasparov Sparc|Sparc]] module was only compatible in later or modified Renaissance boards, [http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/html/saitek_renaissance_sparc.html Saitek Renaissance Sparc] from [http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/index.html Chess Computer UK] by [[Mike Watters]]</ref>
| 1993
| [[Kathe Spracklen|Kathe]] and [[Dan Spracklen]]
| [[SPARC]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 20
| style="text-align:right;" | 256
| style="text-align:right;" | 1024 - 4096
|}

=Publications=
* [[Saitek|SciSys]] ('''1986'''). ''SciSys (preprint!) – New For Spring 1986''. [http://www.schaakcomputers.nl/hein_veldhuis/database/files/10-0000%20SciSys%20brochure%20-%20New%20for%20Spring%201986.pdf pdf] hosted by [[Hein Veldhuis]]
* [[Saitek]] ('''1987'''). ''Connection Cable for Leonardo Chess Computer - The Link: Leonardo's OSA connection to computers and printers''. [http://alain.zanchetta.free.fr/docs/Saitek/OsaCableUS.pdf pdf] hosted by [[Alain Zanchetta]]
* [[Frederic Friedel]] ('''1989'''). ''Auto-Analyse und TPA - Die neuen Funktionen des Kasparov Renaissance''. [[Computerschach und Spiele]], No. 5, 1989 (German), in [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_Renaissance Saitek Renaissance] from [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En Schachcomputer.info Wiki]
* [[Thorsten Czub]], [[Dirk Frickenschmidt]] ('''1992'''). ''[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_D%2B%2B Die Experimentalen D+ und D++]''. [http://www.thorstenczub.de/scw.html Schachcomputerwelt] 2/92, also in [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_D%2B%2B Saitek D++] from [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En Schachcomputer.info Wiki] (German)

=Forum Posts=
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=51309 Old LEONARDO chess computer help?] by Robert Howard, [[CCC]], May 10, 1999
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=423666 Renaissance or Galileo board ?] by Alan Grotier, [[CCC]], April 30, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=491374 Collector's Corner..Saitek Renaissance?] by [[Steve Blincoe|Steve B]], [[CCC]], March 04, 2006
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=14102 Collector's corner: Saitek Renaissance board version?] by [[Dr. Axel Schumacher]], [[CCC]], May 29, 2007
* [http://www.hiarcs.net/forums/viewtopic.php?t=6751 Scisys Leonardo story and info requested] by Brian B, [[Computer Chess Forums|Hiarcs Forum]], June 18, 2014
* [http://www.hiarcs.net/forums/viewtopic.php?t=7103 Leonardos revenge] by Brutus, [[Computer Chess Forums|Hiarcs Forum]], March 19, 2015

=External Links=
==Chess Computers==
* [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_Modulare_Serie Saitek Modulare Serie] from [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En Schachcomputer.info Wiki] (German)
===Leonardo===
* [http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/html/leonardo.html Leonardo] from [http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/index.html Chess Computer UK] by [[Mike Watters]]
* [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/SciSys_Leonardo SciSys Leonardo] from [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En Schachcomputer.info Wiki] (German)
* [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_Leonardo_TurboKit Saitek Leonardo TurboKit] from [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En Schachcomputer.info Wiki] (German) » [[6502#TK20|6502 TurboKit TK20]]
===Galileo===
* [http://saitekgalileo.blogspot.com/ Saitek Galileo & Brute Force Module] by [[Bryan Whitby]], April 21, 2007
* [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_Galileo Saitek Galileo] from [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En Schachcomputer.info Wiki] (German)
===Renaissance===
* [http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/html/saitek_renaissance_brute_force.html Saitek Renaissance Brute Force] from [http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/index.html Chess Computer UK] by [[Mike Watters]]
* [http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/html/saitek_renaissance_sparc.html Saitek Renaissance Sparc] from [http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/index.html Chess Computer UK] by [[Mike Watters]]
* [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_Renaissance Saitek Renaissance] from [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En Schachcomputer.info Wiki] (German)
==OSA==
* [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/OSA_Link_Cable OSA Link Cable] from [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En Schachcomputer.info Wiki]
* [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/OSA_for_Arena OSA] for [[Arena]] © 2009-2012 [[Achim Pietig]], hosted by [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En Schachcomputer.info Wiki]
* [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_OSA_Link Saitek OSA Link] from [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En Schachcomputer.info Wiki] (German)
==Modules==
* [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_Analyst Saitek Analyst] from [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En Schachcomputer.info Wiki] (German)
* [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_Maestro Saitek Maestro] from [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En Schachcomputer.info Wiki] (German)
* [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_D%2B%2B Saitek D++] [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En Schachcomputer.info Wiki] (German)
* [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_Brute_Force Saitek Brute Force] from [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En Schachcomputer.info Wiki] (German)
* [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_Sparc Saitek Sparc] from [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En Schachcomputer.info Wiki] (German)
==Misc==
===Leonardo===
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo Leonardo from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibonacci Leonardo Fibonacci from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci Leonardo da Vinci from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo_Torres_y_Quevedo Leonardo Torres y Quevedo from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Chess Leonard Chess from Wikipedia]
===Galileo===
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galileo_%28disambiguation%29 Galileo (disambiguation) from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galileo_Galilei Galileo Galilei from Wikipedia]
===Renaissance===
* [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/renaissance renaissance - Wiktionary]
* [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Renaissance Renaissance - Wiktionary]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance_%28disambiguation%29 Renaissance (disambiguation) from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Renaissance The Renaissance from Wikipedia]

=References=
<references />
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