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<span id="TuringMachine"></span>
=Turing Machine=
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turing_machine Turing machines] are abstract symbol-manipulating devices which can be adapted to simulate the logic of any computer algorithm, described in 1936 by Alan Turing <ref>[[Alan Turing]] ('''1936'''). ''On computable numbers, with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem''.</ref> , as thought experiment about the limits of mechanical computation. An example of a concrete Turing machine is the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Busy_beaver Busy beaver] <ref>[http://www.drb.inselturbotm.de/%7Eheiner~heiner/BB/index.html Busy Beaver] by [[Heiner Marxen]]</ref> .
The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Turing_machine Universal Turing machine] can simulate an arbitrary Turing machine on arbitrary input, and can be considered as the origin of the [[John von Neumann]] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Von_Neumann_architecture architecture]. A universal Turing machine can calculate any [[Recursion|recursive]] function, decide any [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recursive_language recursive language], and accept any [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recursively_enumerable_language recursively enumerable language]. According to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church-Turing_thesis Church-Turing thesis], the problems solvable by a universal Turing machine are exactly those problems solvable by an algorithm or an effective method of computation, for any reasonable definition of those terms. For these reasons a system that can simulate a universal Turing machine is called [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turing_completeness Turing complete].
==Literature==
* [http://www.amazon.com/s/?ie=UTF8&keywords=alan+turing&tag=googhydr08-21&index=aps&hvadid=2767015801&ref=pd_sl_9ertbs23zd_e Books on Alan Turing] from [http://www.amazon.com/ amazon.com]
* [http://www.synth.co.uk/ [Mathematician#APHodges|Andrew Hodges]], [http://www.turing.org.uk/book/ Alan Turing: the Enigma]
* [http://www.teuscher.ch/christof/ext/ Christof Teuscher] - [http://www.teuscher.ch/turing/index.html My Books on Alan Turing]
==Movies==
* <span id="DeathOfAlanTuring"></span>[http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1043774/ The Strange Life and Death of Dr Turing], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC BBC] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horizon_%28BBC_TV_series%29 TV science series Horizon] (1992), [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube YouTube] Videos <ref>[http://www.computerhistory.org/collections/accession/102639717 The Strange Life and Death of Dr Turing] from [[The Computer History Museum]]</ref>Video : featuring [[Marvin Minsky]], [http://www.synth.co.uk/ [Mathematician#APHodges|Andrew Hodges]], [httphttps://www-historyen.mcswikipedia.st-andrews.ac.ukorg/Biographieswiki/Routledge.html Norman_Routledge Norman Routledge] <ref>[http://www.scientificcomputing.com/news/2012/07/mathematician-norman-routledge-alan-turing Mathematician Norman Routledge on Alan Turing], [http://www.scientificcomputing.com/ Scientific Computing], July 09, 2012</ref>, [[Jack Good]], [[Shaun Wylie]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_Clarke Joan Clarke], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_Gandy Robin Gandy] et al.: {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gyusnGbBSHE|alignment=left|valignment=top}}: {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5LHFzNMgWzwZ-sTs2o0VuY|alignment=left|valignment=top}}
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breaking_the_Code Breaking the Code (1996)] (TV)
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codebreaker_%28film%29 Codebreaker (2011)] - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_4 Channel 4], [http://www.turingfilm.com/ Official Site]
[[Category:Mathematician|Turing]]
[[Category:Pioneer|Turing]]
[[Category:Quotes|Turing]]
[[Category:Good Quotes|Turing]]
[[Category:Turing Quotes|Turing]]
[[Category:Film|Turing]]
