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Created page with "'''Home * Evaluation * Game Phases * Opening''' FILE:SamuelBakVariousOpenings.jpg|border|right|thumb|link=http://chgs.elevator.umn.edu/asset/viewAsset..."
'''[[Main Page|Home]] * [[Evaluation]] * [[Game Phases]] * Opening'''
[[FILE:SamuelBakVariousOpenings.jpg|border|right|thumb|link=http://chgs.elevator.umn.edu/asset/viewAsset/57f3b6787d58ae5f74bf8ba9#57f3b6d77d58ae5574bf8bc0
| [[Arts#Bak|Samuel Bak]] - Various Openings <ref>[http://chgs.elevator.umn.edu/asset/viewAsset/57f3b6787d58ae5f74bf8ba9#57f3b6d77d58ae5574bf8bc0 Chess in the Art of Samuel Bak], [http://www.chgs.umn.edu/ Center for Holocaust & Genocide Studies], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Minnesota University of Minnesota]</ref>
]]
The '''Opening''' is the first game phase from the [[Initial Position|initial starting position]] with the aim to [[Development|develop]] the [[Pieces|minor pieces]], to [[Center Control|control the center]] and depending on the [[Pawn Center|center]] [[Pawn Structure|pawn structure]], to prepare or achieve a safe square for the [[King|king]], most likely by [[Castling|castling]].
Some programs apply special knowledge in their evaluation for this early game stage, most notably to encourage all minor pieces to develop, to prepare castling options, and to penalize too early [[Queen|queen]] development, which either hinders own minor pieces, or to become target of opponent attacks with the consequence to eventually lose some [[Tempo|tempo]].
=See also=
* [[Book Learning]]
* [[Center Control]]
* [[Development]]
* [[Endgame]]
* [[Middlegame]]
* [[Opening Book]]
* [[Test-Positions#OpeningSuites|Opening Suites]]
* [[Tempo]]
=Publications=
* [[John Nunn]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graham_Burgess Graham Burgess], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Emms_%28chess_player%29 John Emms], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Gallagher Joe Gallagher] ('''1999'''). ''Nunn's Chess Openings''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everyman_Chess Cadogan Chess Books] <ref>[http://www.chesscafe.com/text/nco.txt Nunn's Chess Openings] Reviewed by [http://www.chessclubusa.com/connecticut/newtown-chess-club/ Glenn Budzinski], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ChessCafe.com ChessCafe.com]</ref>
* [[Mark Levene]], [[Judit Bar-Ilan]] ('''2007'''). ''[http://arxiv.org/abs/cs.AI/0610060 Comparing Typical Opening Move Choices Made by Humans and Chess Engines]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Computer_Journal Computer Journal], 50, [http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/cs/pdf/0610/0610060v1.pdf pdf]
* [[Larry Kaufman]] ('''2012'''). ''[http://www.newinchess.com/The_Kaufman_Repertoire_for_Black_and_White-p-955.html The Kaufman Repertoire for Black and White]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_In_Chess New In Chess] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?topic_view=threads&p=443739&t=41923 Re: Engine books: Hiarcs vs. Komodo ... @Larry] by [[Larry Kaufman]], [[CCC]], January 13, 2012</ref>
=Forum Posts=
==1990 ...==
* [https://groups.google.com/d/msg/rec.games.chess/hHjg_fvBmnE/oZ9Mqzh-pV4J Patzer openings] by [[Ilan Vardi]], [[Computer Chess Forums|rgc]], September 02, 1990
==2000 ...==
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=460363 Nunn openings] by [[Jouni Uski]], [[CCC]], November 07, 2005 » [[Test-Positions#OpeningSuites|Opening Suites]]
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=460364 Nunn2 openings] by [[Kurt Utzinger]], [[CCC]], November 07, 2005
==2010 ...==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=48349 First move advantage] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], June 19, 2013 » [[Tempo]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50667 You are KIDding me] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], December 28, 2013 <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%27s_Indian_Defence King's Indian Defence from Wikipedia]</ref>
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=59570 A bizarre evaluation] by [[Larry Kaufman]], [[CCC]], March 20, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=59901 Computer Chess Openings: Modern defense] by [[Henk van den Belt]], [[CCC]], April 19, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61858 Opening performance of engines] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], October 28, 2016 » [[Test-Positions]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61942 King Indian like and usefulness of engines] by [[Daniel José Queraltó]], [[CCC]], November 03, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=63763 Low impact of opening phase in engine play?] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], April 18, 2017 » [[Playing Strength]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=64358 Opening testing suites efficiency] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], June 21, 2017 » [[Engine Testing]], [[Match Statistics]]
=External Links=
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess_opening Chess opening from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/School_of_chess School of chess from Wikipedia]
: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypermodernism_%28chess%29 Hypermodernism (chess) from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Chess/Basic_Openings Chess/Basic Openings from Wikibooks]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First-move_advantage_in_chess First-move advantage in chess from Wikipedia]
* [[Videos#PhilipCatherine|Philip Catherine]] - The Beginning, Nineteen Seventy Fourths, [[hhttp://www.discogs.com/Philip-Catherine-September-Man/release/4809847|September-Man]] (1975), [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube YouTube] Video
: feat. [[Videos#JohnLee|John Lee]], [[Videos#GerryBrown|Gerry Brown]], [[Videos#JasperVantHof|Jasper van 't Hof]], [[Videos#CharlieMariano|Charlie Mariano]], [[Videos#PalleMikkelborg|Palle Mikkelborg]], producer [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc_Moulin Marc Moulin]
: {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xi5779i20nI|alignment=left|valignment=top}}
=References=
<references />
'''[[Game Phases|Up one level]]'''
[[FILE:SamuelBakVariousOpenings.jpg|border|right|thumb|link=http://chgs.elevator.umn.edu/asset/viewAsset/57f3b6787d58ae5f74bf8ba9#57f3b6d77d58ae5574bf8bc0
| [[Arts#Bak|Samuel Bak]] - Various Openings <ref>[http://chgs.elevator.umn.edu/asset/viewAsset/57f3b6787d58ae5f74bf8ba9#57f3b6d77d58ae5574bf8bc0 Chess in the Art of Samuel Bak], [http://www.chgs.umn.edu/ Center for Holocaust & Genocide Studies], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Minnesota University of Minnesota]</ref>
]]
The '''Opening''' is the first game phase from the [[Initial Position|initial starting position]] with the aim to [[Development|develop]] the [[Pieces|minor pieces]], to [[Center Control|control the center]] and depending on the [[Pawn Center|center]] [[Pawn Structure|pawn structure]], to prepare or achieve a safe square for the [[King|king]], most likely by [[Castling|castling]].
Some programs apply special knowledge in their evaluation for this early game stage, most notably to encourage all minor pieces to develop, to prepare castling options, and to penalize too early [[Queen|queen]] development, which either hinders own minor pieces, or to become target of opponent attacks with the consequence to eventually lose some [[Tempo|tempo]].
=See also=
* [[Book Learning]]
* [[Center Control]]
* [[Development]]
* [[Endgame]]
* [[Middlegame]]
* [[Opening Book]]
* [[Test-Positions#OpeningSuites|Opening Suites]]
* [[Tempo]]
=Publications=
* [[John Nunn]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graham_Burgess Graham Burgess], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Emms_%28chess_player%29 John Emms], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Gallagher Joe Gallagher] ('''1999'''). ''Nunn's Chess Openings''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everyman_Chess Cadogan Chess Books] <ref>[http://www.chesscafe.com/text/nco.txt Nunn's Chess Openings] Reviewed by [http://www.chessclubusa.com/connecticut/newtown-chess-club/ Glenn Budzinski], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ChessCafe.com ChessCafe.com]</ref>
* [[Mark Levene]], [[Judit Bar-Ilan]] ('''2007'''). ''[http://arxiv.org/abs/cs.AI/0610060 Comparing Typical Opening Move Choices Made by Humans and Chess Engines]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Computer_Journal Computer Journal], 50, [http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/cs/pdf/0610/0610060v1.pdf pdf]
* [[Larry Kaufman]] ('''2012'''). ''[http://www.newinchess.com/The_Kaufman_Repertoire_for_Black_and_White-p-955.html The Kaufman Repertoire for Black and White]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_In_Chess New In Chess] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?topic_view=threads&p=443739&t=41923 Re: Engine books: Hiarcs vs. Komodo ... @Larry] by [[Larry Kaufman]], [[CCC]], January 13, 2012</ref>
=Forum Posts=
==1990 ...==
* [https://groups.google.com/d/msg/rec.games.chess/hHjg_fvBmnE/oZ9Mqzh-pV4J Patzer openings] by [[Ilan Vardi]], [[Computer Chess Forums|rgc]], September 02, 1990
==2000 ...==
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=460363 Nunn openings] by [[Jouni Uski]], [[CCC]], November 07, 2005 » [[Test-Positions#OpeningSuites|Opening Suites]]
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=460364 Nunn2 openings] by [[Kurt Utzinger]], [[CCC]], November 07, 2005
==2010 ...==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=48349 First move advantage] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], June 19, 2013 » [[Tempo]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50667 You are KIDding me] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], December 28, 2013 <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%27s_Indian_Defence King's Indian Defence from Wikipedia]</ref>
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=59570 A bizarre evaluation] by [[Larry Kaufman]], [[CCC]], March 20, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=59901 Computer Chess Openings: Modern defense] by [[Henk van den Belt]], [[CCC]], April 19, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61858 Opening performance of engines] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], October 28, 2016 » [[Test-Positions]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61942 King Indian like and usefulness of engines] by [[Daniel José Queraltó]], [[CCC]], November 03, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=63763 Low impact of opening phase in engine play?] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], April 18, 2017 » [[Playing Strength]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=64358 Opening testing suites efficiency] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], June 21, 2017 » [[Engine Testing]], [[Match Statistics]]
=External Links=
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess_opening Chess opening from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/School_of_chess School of chess from Wikipedia]
: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypermodernism_%28chess%29 Hypermodernism (chess) from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Chess/Basic_Openings Chess/Basic Openings from Wikibooks]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First-move_advantage_in_chess First-move advantage in chess from Wikipedia]
* [[Videos#PhilipCatherine|Philip Catherine]] - The Beginning, Nineteen Seventy Fourths, [[hhttp://www.discogs.com/Philip-Catherine-September-Man/release/4809847|September-Man]] (1975), [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube YouTube] Video
: feat. [[Videos#JohnLee|John Lee]], [[Videos#GerryBrown|Gerry Brown]], [[Videos#JasperVantHof|Jasper van 't Hof]], [[Videos#CharlieMariano|Charlie Mariano]], [[Videos#PalleMikkelborg|Palle Mikkelborg]], producer [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc_Moulin Marc Moulin]
: {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xi5779i20nI|alignment=left|valignment=top}}
=References=
<references />
'''[[Game Phases|Up one level]]'''
