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'''[[Main Page|Home]] * [[People]] * Judea Pearl'''
[[FILE:Judea Pearl at NIPS 2013 (11781981594).jpg|border|right|thumb| Judea Pearl <ref>[https://www.flickr.com/photos/slurm/11781981594/ Judea Pearl at NIPS 2013] by [https://www.flickr.com/people/39057810@N00 Better Than Bacon], December 06, 2013, [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons Wikimedia Commons]]</ref> ]]
'''Judea Pearl''',
an an Israeli American computer scientist and pioneer in [[Artificial Intelligence|artificial intelligence]], professor of computer science at the ''Cognitive Systems Laboratory'' of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_California%2C_Los_Angeles University of California, Los Angeles] (UCLA). Judea Pearl is known for developing the probabilistic approach to artificial intelligence and for the formalization of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causality causal reasoning] <ref>[http://bayes.cs.ucla.edu/BOOK-99/book-toc.html CAUSALITY by Judea Pearl] (ebook)</ref> .
=Scout=
In 1980 Judea Pearl researched on search algorithms and introduced the concept of [[Null Window]] [[Alpha-Beta]] search with the boolean procedure TEST of the [[Scout|Scout Algorithm]], which was the foundation of [[NegaScout]], [[Principal Variation Search]], [[NegaC*]] and [[MTD(f)]].
=Biography=
Quote from the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin_Institute Franklin Institute] <ref>[https://www.fi.edu/laureates/judea-pearl Judea Pearl | The Franklin Institute]</ref> :
Pearl was born in 1936 in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Aviv Tel Aviv], Israel. He earned his B.S. in electrical engineering from the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technion_%E2%80%93_Israel_Institute_of_Technology Technion] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haifa Haifa], Israel in 1960 and went on to earn a masters degree in physics from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutgers_University Rutgers University] in 1965 and his Ph.D. in electrical engineering the same year from the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polytechnic_University_%28New_York%29 Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn]. He worked at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RCA RCA] Research Laboratories <ref>[http://www.ieee-virtual-museum.org/collection/event.php?id=3457000&lid=1 RCA Research Laboratories] from [http://www.ieee-virtual-museum.org/ IEEE Virtual Museum]</ref> in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princeton%2C_New_Jersey Princeton] until 1970 and has been at the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_California%2C_Los_Angeles University of California], Los Angeles ever since.
=Awards=
Judea Pearl's numerous scientific honors include the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IJCAI_Award_for_Research_Excellence IJCAI Research Excellence Award] in 1999, the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lakatos_Award Lakatos Award] in the philosophy of science in 2001, the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Artificial_Intelligence#ACM-AAAI_Allen_Newell_Award ACM-AAAI Allen Newell Award] in 2003, and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin Benjamin Franklin] Medal in Computers and [[Cognition|Cognitive Science]] in 2008. In 2011, Judea Pearl received the [[ACM#ACMTuringAward|ACM Turing Award]] for fundamental contributions to artificial intelligence through the development of a calculus for probabilistic and causal reasoning <ref>[[Judea Pearl]] ('''2011'''). ''[http://www.aaai.org/Conferences/AAAI/2012/aaai12speakers.php#Pearl The Mechanization of Causal Inference: A "Mini Turing Test" and Beyond]''. [[ACM#ACMTuringAward|ACM Turing Award]] lecture, [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iNm4nFBFmvo YouTube Video]</ref>.
=Daniel Pearl=
In 2002, Judea Pearl's son [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Pearl Daniel Pearl] was kidnapped and murdered in Pakistan, leading Judea and the other members of the family and friends to create the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Pearl_Foundation Daniel Pearl Foundation].
=Selected Publications=
<ref>[http://bayes.cs.ucla.edu/csl_papers.html Judea Pearl - Cognitive Systems LaboratoryY: Publications]</ref> <ref>[https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hd/p/Pearl:Judea dblp: Judea Pearl]</ref> <ref>[https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=bAipNH8AAAAJ&hl=en Judea Pearl - Google Scholar Citations]</ref>
==1980 ...==
* [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1980'''). ''Asymptotic Properties of Minimax Trees and Game-Searching Procedures''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_Intelligence_(journal) Artificial Intelligence], Vol. 14, No. 2
* [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1980'''). ''Scout: A Simple Game-Searching Algorithm with Proven Optimal Properties''. [[Conferences#AAAI-80|AAAI-80]], [http://www.aaai.org/Papers/AAAI/1980/AAAI80-041.pdf pdf]
* [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1981'''). ''Heuristic search theory: A survey of recent results''. [[Conferences#IJCAI1981|IJCAI-81]], [http://ijcai.org/Past%20Proceedings/IJCAI-81-VOL%201/PDF/100.pdf pdf]
* [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1982'''). ''[https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-Solution-for-the-Branching-Factor-of-the-and-Pearl/08ca17978c8d5d56e88e33b90217f4ec8f37b35a The Solution for the Branching Factor of the Alpha-Beta Pruning Algorithm and its Optimality]'' [[ACM#Communications|Communications of the ACM]], Vol. 25, No. 8, [https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/3-540-10843-2_41.pdf pdf]
* [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1983'''). ''Game-Searching Theory: Survey of Recent Results''. [https://www.amazon.com/Bramer-Computer-Game-Playing-Practice/dp/0853124884 Computer Game-Playing] (ed. [[Max Bramer]])
* [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1983'''). ''On the Nature of Pathology in Game Searching''. Artificial Intelligence 20, pp. 427-453.
* [[Igor Roizen]], [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1983'''). ''A Minimax Algorithm Better than Alpha-Beta? Yes and No''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_Intelligence_(journal) Artificial Intelligence], Vol. 21
* [[Igor Roizen]], [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1983'''). ''The Average Performance of Three Game-Searching Algorithms''. UCLA Cognitive Systems Laboratory Technical Report (R-40).
* [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1984'''). ''Heuristics: Intelligent Search Strategies for Computer Problem Solving''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addison-Wesley Addison-Wesley]
* [[Judea Pearl]], [[Azaria Paz]] ('''1985'''). ''GRAPHOIDS: A Graph-Based Logic for Reasoning about Relevance Relations, or When would x tell you more about y if you already know z.'' UCLA Computer Science Department
* [[Igor Roizen]], [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1986, 2013'''). ''Learning Link Probabilities in Causal Trees.'' UAI 1986, [https://arxiv.org/abs/1304.3103 arXiv:1304.3103]
* [[Judea Pearl]], [[Azaria Paz]] ('''1987'''). ''A graph based logic for reasoning about relevance relations''. Advances in Artificial Intelligence II
* [[Judea Pearl]], [[Dan Geiger]], [[Thomas Verma]] ('''1989'''). ''Conditional independence and its representations.'' [https://dblp1.uni-trier.de/db/journals/kybernetika/kybernetika25.html Kybernetica, Vol. 25]
==1990 ...==
* [[Dan Geiger]], [[Thomas Verma]], [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1990'''). ''Identifying independence in Bayesian networks''. Networks, Vol. 20
* [[Dan Geiger]], [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1990'''). ''Logical and algorithmic properties of independence and their application to Bayesian networks''. Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 2
* [[Dan Geiger]], [[Azaria Paz]], [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1993'''). ''Learning simple causal structures''. International Journal of Intelligent Systems, Vol. 8
* [[Dan Geiger]], [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1993'''). ''Logical and algorithmic properties of conditional independence and graphical models.'' [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annals_of_Statistics Annals of Statistics], Vol. 21
==2000 ...==
* [[Judea Pearl]] ('''2001, 2009'''). ''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causality_(book) Causality]''. Models, Reasoning and Inference
* [[Judea Pearl]], [[Stuart Russell]] ('''2003'''). ''Bayesian Networks''. [https://people.eecs.berkeley.edu/~russell/papers/hbtnn-bn.pdf pdf]
==2010 ...==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rina_Dechter Rina Dechter], [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Wd0CDmcAAAAJ&hl=en Hector Geffner], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Halpern Joseph Y. Halpern] (eds) ('''2010'''). ''Heuristics, Probability, and Causality: A Tribute to Judea Pearl''. [http://bayes.cs.ucla.edu/TRIBUTE/festschrift-complete.pdf pdf]
* [[Judea Pearl]] ('''2011'''). ''[https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2351636 The Mechanization of Causal Inference: A "Mini Turing Test" and Beyond]''. [[ACM#ACMTuringAward|ACM Turing Award]] lecture, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube YouTube] Video
: {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iNm4nFBFmvo|alignment=left|valignment=top}}
* [http://www.neilsavage.com/about Neil Savage] ('''2012'''). ''[https://cacm.acm.org/magazines/2012/6/149782-game-changer/fulltext Game Changer]''. [[ACM#Communications|Communications of the ACM]], Vol. 55, No. 6
* [[Judea Pearl]] ('''2011'''). ''[https://www.artificial-intelligence.video/judea-pearl-eight-pillars-of-causal-wisdom-wce-2017-ucla Eight Pillars of Causal Wisdom]''. [https://spp.ucr.edu/wce2017/Papers/eight_pillars_of.pdf pdf], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube YouTube] Video
: {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8nHVUFqI0zk|alignment=left|valignment=top}}
* [[Judea Pearl]], [[Dana Mackenzie]] ('''2018'''). ''[https://www.hachettebookgroup.com/titles/judea-pearl/the-book-of-why/9780465097616/ The Book of Why]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_Books Basic Books]
=External Links=
* [http://bayes.cs.ucla.edu/jp_home.html Judea Pearl's Homepage]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judea_Pearl Judea Pearl from Wikipedia]
* [https://genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu/id.php?id=70481 Judea Pearl - The Mathematics Genealogy Project]
=References=
<references />
'''[[People|Up one level]]'''
[[Category:Researcher|Pearl]]
[[Category:Videos|Pearl]]
[[FILE:Judea Pearl at NIPS 2013 (11781981594).jpg|border|right|thumb| Judea Pearl <ref>[https://www.flickr.com/photos/slurm/11781981594/ Judea Pearl at NIPS 2013] by [https://www.flickr.com/people/39057810@N00 Better Than Bacon], December 06, 2013, [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons Wikimedia Commons]]</ref> ]]
'''Judea Pearl''',
an an Israeli American computer scientist and pioneer in [[Artificial Intelligence|artificial intelligence]], professor of computer science at the ''Cognitive Systems Laboratory'' of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_California%2C_Los_Angeles University of California, Los Angeles] (UCLA). Judea Pearl is known for developing the probabilistic approach to artificial intelligence and for the formalization of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causality causal reasoning] <ref>[http://bayes.cs.ucla.edu/BOOK-99/book-toc.html CAUSALITY by Judea Pearl] (ebook)</ref> .
=Scout=
In 1980 Judea Pearl researched on search algorithms and introduced the concept of [[Null Window]] [[Alpha-Beta]] search with the boolean procedure TEST of the [[Scout|Scout Algorithm]], which was the foundation of [[NegaScout]], [[Principal Variation Search]], [[NegaC*]] and [[MTD(f)]].
=Biography=
Quote from the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin_Institute Franklin Institute] <ref>[https://www.fi.edu/laureates/judea-pearl Judea Pearl | The Franklin Institute]</ref> :
Pearl was born in 1936 in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Aviv Tel Aviv], Israel. He earned his B.S. in electrical engineering from the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technion_%E2%80%93_Israel_Institute_of_Technology Technion] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haifa Haifa], Israel in 1960 and went on to earn a masters degree in physics from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutgers_University Rutgers University] in 1965 and his Ph.D. in electrical engineering the same year from the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polytechnic_University_%28New_York%29 Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn]. He worked at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RCA RCA] Research Laboratories <ref>[http://www.ieee-virtual-museum.org/collection/event.php?id=3457000&lid=1 RCA Research Laboratories] from [http://www.ieee-virtual-museum.org/ IEEE Virtual Museum]</ref> in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princeton%2C_New_Jersey Princeton] until 1970 and has been at the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_California%2C_Los_Angeles University of California], Los Angeles ever since.
=Awards=
Judea Pearl's numerous scientific honors include the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IJCAI_Award_for_Research_Excellence IJCAI Research Excellence Award] in 1999, the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lakatos_Award Lakatos Award] in the philosophy of science in 2001, the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Artificial_Intelligence#ACM-AAAI_Allen_Newell_Award ACM-AAAI Allen Newell Award] in 2003, and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin Benjamin Franklin] Medal in Computers and [[Cognition|Cognitive Science]] in 2008. In 2011, Judea Pearl received the [[ACM#ACMTuringAward|ACM Turing Award]] for fundamental contributions to artificial intelligence through the development of a calculus for probabilistic and causal reasoning <ref>[[Judea Pearl]] ('''2011'''). ''[http://www.aaai.org/Conferences/AAAI/2012/aaai12speakers.php#Pearl The Mechanization of Causal Inference: A "Mini Turing Test" and Beyond]''. [[ACM#ACMTuringAward|ACM Turing Award]] lecture, [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iNm4nFBFmvo YouTube Video]</ref>.
=Daniel Pearl=
In 2002, Judea Pearl's son [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Pearl Daniel Pearl] was kidnapped and murdered in Pakistan, leading Judea and the other members of the family and friends to create the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Pearl_Foundation Daniel Pearl Foundation].
=Selected Publications=
<ref>[http://bayes.cs.ucla.edu/csl_papers.html Judea Pearl - Cognitive Systems LaboratoryY: Publications]</ref> <ref>[https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hd/p/Pearl:Judea dblp: Judea Pearl]</ref> <ref>[https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=bAipNH8AAAAJ&hl=en Judea Pearl - Google Scholar Citations]</ref>
==1980 ...==
* [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1980'''). ''Asymptotic Properties of Minimax Trees and Game-Searching Procedures''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_Intelligence_(journal) Artificial Intelligence], Vol. 14, No. 2
* [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1980'''). ''Scout: A Simple Game-Searching Algorithm with Proven Optimal Properties''. [[Conferences#AAAI-80|AAAI-80]], [http://www.aaai.org/Papers/AAAI/1980/AAAI80-041.pdf pdf]
* [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1981'''). ''Heuristic search theory: A survey of recent results''. [[Conferences#IJCAI1981|IJCAI-81]], [http://ijcai.org/Past%20Proceedings/IJCAI-81-VOL%201/PDF/100.pdf pdf]
* [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1982'''). ''[https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-Solution-for-the-Branching-Factor-of-the-and-Pearl/08ca17978c8d5d56e88e33b90217f4ec8f37b35a The Solution for the Branching Factor of the Alpha-Beta Pruning Algorithm and its Optimality]'' [[ACM#Communications|Communications of the ACM]], Vol. 25, No. 8, [https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/3-540-10843-2_41.pdf pdf]
* [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1983'''). ''Game-Searching Theory: Survey of Recent Results''. [https://www.amazon.com/Bramer-Computer-Game-Playing-Practice/dp/0853124884 Computer Game-Playing] (ed. [[Max Bramer]])
* [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1983'''). ''On the Nature of Pathology in Game Searching''. Artificial Intelligence 20, pp. 427-453.
* [[Igor Roizen]], [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1983'''). ''A Minimax Algorithm Better than Alpha-Beta? Yes and No''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_Intelligence_(journal) Artificial Intelligence], Vol. 21
* [[Igor Roizen]], [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1983'''). ''The Average Performance of Three Game-Searching Algorithms''. UCLA Cognitive Systems Laboratory Technical Report (R-40).
* [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1984'''). ''Heuristics: Intelligent Search Strategies for Computer Problem Solving''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addison-Wesley Addison-Wesley]
* [[Judea Pearl]], [[Azaria Paz]] ('''1985'''). ''GRAPHOIDS: A Graph-Based Logic for Reasoning about Relevance Relations, or When would x tell you more about y if you already know z.'' UCLA Computer Science Department
* [[Igor Roizen]], [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1986, 2013'''). ''Learning Link Probabilities in Causal Trees.'' UAI 1986, [https://arxiv.org/abs/1304.3103 arXiv:1304.3103]
* [[Judea Pearl]], [[Azaria Paz]] ('''1987'''). ''A graph based logic for reasoning about relevance relations''. Advances in Artificial Intelligence II
* [[Judea Pearl]], [[Dan Geiger]], [[Thomas Verma]] ('''1989'''). ''Conditional independence and its representations.'' [https://dblp1.uni-trier.de/db/journals/kybernetika/kybernetika25.html Kybernetica, Vol. 25]
==1990 ...==
* [[Dan Geiger]], [[Thomas Verma]], [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1990'''). ''Identifying independence in Bayesian networks''. Networks, Vol. 20
* [[Dan Geiger]], [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1990'''). ''Logical and algorithmic properties of independence and their application to Bayesian networks''. Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 2
* [[Dan Geiger]], [[Azaria Paz]], [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1993'''). ''Learning simple causal structures''. International Journal of Intelligent Systems, Vol. 8
* [[Dan Geiger]], [[Judea Pearl]] ('''1993'''). ''Logical and algorithmic properties of conditional independence and graphical models.'' [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annals_of_Statistics Annals of Statistics], Vol. 21
==2000 ...==
* [[Judea Pearl]] ('''2001, 2009'''). ''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causality_(book) Causality]''. Models, Reasoning and Inference
* [[Judea Pearl]], [[Stuart Russell]] ('''2003'''). ''Bayesian Networks''. [https://people.eecs.berkeley.edu/~russell/papers/hbtnn-bn.pdf pdf]
==2010 ...==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rina_Dechter Rina Dechter], [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Wd0CDmcAAAAJ&hl=en Hector Geffner], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Halpern Joseph Y. Halpern] (eds) ('''2010'''). ''Heuristics, Probability, and Causality: A Tribute to Judea Pearl''. [http://bayes.cs.ucla.edu/TRIBUTE/festschrift-complete.pdf pdf]
* [[Judea Pearl]] ('''2011'''). ''[https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2351636 The Mechanization of Causal Inference: A "Mini Turing Test" and Beyond]''. [[ACM#ACMTuringAward|ACM Turing Award]] lecture, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube YouTube] Video
: {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iNm4nFBFmvo|alignment=left|valignment=top}}
* [http://www.neilsavage.com/about Neil Savage] ('''2012'''). ''[https://cacm.acm.org/magazines/2012/6/149782-game-changer/fulltext Game Changer]''. [[ACM#Communications|Communications of the ACM]], Vol. 55, No. 6
* [[Judea Pearl]] ('''2011'''). ''[https://www.artificial-intelligence.video/judea-pearl-eight-pillars-of-causal-wisdom-wce-2017-ucla Eight Pillars of Causal Wisdom]''. [https://spp.ucr.edu/wce2017/Papers/eight_pillars_of.pdf pdf], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube YouTube] Video
: {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8nHVUFqI0zk|alignment=left|valignment=top}}
* [[Judea Pearl]], [[Dana Mackenzie]] ('''2018'''). ''[https://www.hachettebookgroup.com/titles/judea-pearl/the-book-of-why/9780465097616/ The Book of Why]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_Books Basic Books]
=External Links=
* [http://bayes.cs.ucla.edu/jp_home.html Judea Pearl's Homepage]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judea_Pearl Judea Pearl from Wikipedia]
* [https://genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu/id.php?id=70481 Judea Pearl - The Mathematics Genealogy Project]
=References=
<references />
'''[[People|Up one level]]'''
[[Category:Researcher|Pearl]]
[[Category:Videos|Pearl]]
