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'''[[Main Page|Home]] * [[Tournaments and Matches|Tournaments]] * [[ACM North American Computer Chess Championship]] * ACM 1985'''
'''[[ACM 1984|< Prev]] [[ACM 1986|Next >]]'''
[[FILE:DenverHilton-225x300.jpg|border|right|thumb|link=http://www.masonryofdenver.com/2014/10/denver-hilton-hotel/|
Denver Radisson, now the Sheraton <ref>Image Denver Hilton from [http://www.masonryofdenver.com/2014/10/denver-hilton-hotel/ The Denver Hilton Hotel (now Sheraton) - The Masonry of Denver)]</ref> ]]
The [[ACM|ACM's]] '''Sixteenth North American Computer Chess Championship''' (NACCC) took place from October 13-15, [[Timeline#1985|1985]], Radisson Hotel <ref>Opened in 1959 as the Denver [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilton_Hotels_%26_Resorts Hilton], designed by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araldo_Cossutta Araldo Cossutta] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I._M._Pei I. M. Pei], was also a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radisson_Hotels Radisson] before joining the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam%27s_Mark Adam's Mark chain] (1995). It has since been reflagged as a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheraton_Hotels_and_Resorts Sheraton] Hotel - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam%27s_Mark Adam's Mark from Wikipedia]</ref> <ref>[http://digital.denverlibrary.org/cdm/singleitem/collection/p15330coll22/id/83473/rec/1 I. M. Pei Hilton, Denver :: Western History]</ref> <ref>[http://digital.denverlibrary.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15330coll22/id/83138 I. M. Pei Paraboloid, Denver :: Western History]</ref> , [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denver%2C_Colorado Denver], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colorado Colorado], USA. Special purpose hardware chess entity [[HiTech]] by a team from [[Carnegie Mellon University]] headed by [[Hans Berliner]] won its first official computer chess tournament conveniently with a perfect score of 4 out of 4, winning from [[Lachex]], [[Phoenix]], [[Bebe]] and [[Cray Blitz]].
=Final Standing=
<ref>[http://www.csvn.nl/index.php/historie/computer-computer/98-acm-1985 ACM 1985] [[CSVN]] site</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! #
! Name
! CC
! 1
! 2
! 3
! 4
! P
! SOS
! SoDOS
|-
! 1
| [[HiTech]]
! US
| style="text-align:center;" | 7w1
| style="text-align:center;" | 4b1
| style="text-align:center;" | 2b1
| style="text-align:center;" | [[ACM 1985#HiTech_CB|5w1]]
! 4
| style="text-align:center;" | 8½
| style="text-align:center;" | 8½
|-
! 2
| [[Bebe]]
! US
| style="text-align:center;" | 9b1
| style="text-align:center;" | [[ACM 1985#CB_Bebe|5b1]]
| style="text-align:center;" | 1w0
| style="text-align:center;" | 4w1
! 3
| style="text-align:center;" | 9
| style="text-align:center;" | 5
|-
! 3
| [[Intelligent Chess Software|Intelligent Software]]
! GB
| style="text-align:center;" | 6b1
| style="text-align:center;" | 9w1
| style="text-align:center;" | 5b0
| style="text-align:center;" | 7w½
! 2½
| style="text-align:center;" | 6½
| style="text-align:center;" | 3¾
|-
! 4
| [[Phoenix]]
! CA
| style="text-align:center;" | 8b1
| style="text-align:center;" | 1w0
| style="text-align:center;" | 7b1
| style="text-align:center;" | 2b0
! 2
| style="text-align:center;" | 10
| style="text-align:center;" | 3
|-
! 5
| [[Cray Blitz]]
! US
| style="text-align:center;" | 10b1
| style="text-align:center;" | [[ACM 1985#CB_Bebe|2w0]]
| style="text-align:center;" | 3w1
| style="text-align:center;" | [[ACM 1985#HiTech_CB|1b0]]
! 2
| style="text-align:center;" | 10
| style="text-align:center;" | 3
|-
! 6
| [[CHAOS]]
! US
| style="text-align:center;" | 3w0
| style="text-align:center;" | 7b0
| style="text-align:center;" | 8b1
| style="text-align:center;" | 10w1
! 2
| style="text-align:center;" | 6
| style="text-align:center;" | 2
|-
! 7
| [[Lachex]]
! US
| style="text-align:center;" | 1b0
| style="text-align:center;" | 6w1
| style="text-align:center;" | 4w0
| style="text-align:center;" | 3b½
! 1½
| style="text-align:center;" | 10½
| style="text-align:center;" | 3¼
|-
! 8
| [[SPOC]]
! US
| style="text-align:center;" | 4w0
| style="text-align:center;" | 10b1
| style="text-align:center;" | 6w0
| style="text-align:center;" | 9b½
! 1½
| style="text-align:center;" | 5½
| style="text-align:center;" | 1
|-
! 9
| [[Ostrich]]
! CA
| style="text-align:center;" | 2w0
| style="text-align:center;" | 3b0
| style="text-align:center;" | 10w½
| style="text-align:center;" | 8w½
! 1
| style="text-align:center;" | 7½
| style="text-align:center;" | 1
|-
! 10
| [[Awit]]
! CA
| style="text-align:center;" | 5w0
| style="text-align:center;" | 8w0
| style="text-align:center;" | 9b½
| style="text-align:center;" | 6b0
! ½
| style="text-align:center;" | 6½
| style="text-align:center;" | ½
|}
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1 CC Country Codes]
* SOS: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buchholz_system Sum of Opponent Scores]
* SoDOS: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neustadtl_score Sum of Defeated Opponent Scores]
=Participants=
<ref>[[David E. Welsh]] ('''1985'''). ''ACM's Sixteenth North American Computer Chess Championship''. [[ICGA Journal#8_4|ICCA Journal, Vol. 8, No. 4]]</ref> <ref>[http://www.megalextoria.com/usenet-archive/news034f1/b54/mod/ai/00000003.html ACM Computer Chess Championship] by [[Stuart Cracraft]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usenet Usenet], November 2, 1985</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Program
! CC
! Team
! Hardware
! Language
! NPS
|-
| [[Awit]]
! CA
| [[Tony Marsland]]
| [[Amdahl 5860|Amdahl 5860/2]]
| [[Algol|Algol W]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 10
|-
| [[Bebe]]
! US
| [[Tony Scherzer]]
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bit_slicing Bit slice]<br/>chess hardware
| [[Assembly]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 20,000
|-
| [[CHAOS]]
! US
| [[Mike Alexander]], [[Fred Swartz]],<br/>[[Jack O’Keefe]]
| [[Amdahl 5860]]
| [[Fortran]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 70
|-
| [[Cray Blitz]]
! US
| [[Robert Hyatt]], [[Albert Gower]],<br/>[[Harry Nelson]]
| [[Cray X-MP|Cray X-MP4]]
| [[Fortran]],
[[Assembly]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 100,000
|-
| [[HiTech]]
! US
| [[Carl Ebeling]], [[Hans Berliner]],<br/>[[Gordon Goetsch]], [[Andrew James Palay|Andy Palay]],<br/>[[Murray Campbell]], [[Larry Slomer]]
| [[Sun|Sun Workstation]] &<br/>special purpose hardware
| [[C]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 175,000
|-
| [[Intelligent Chess Software|Intelligent Software]]
! GB
| [[Mark Taylor]], [[David Levy]],<br/>[[Kevin O’Connell]]
| [[6502]] [[Apple II|Apple IIe]]
| [[Assembly]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 500
|-
| [[Lachex]]
! US
| [[Burton Wendroff]]
| [[Cray X-MP|Cray X-MP 48]]
| [[Fortran]],
[[Assembly]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 50,000
|-
| [[Ostrich]]
! CA
| [[Monroe Newborn]]
| 1 x [[Nova#Eclipse|Eclipse]],<br/>6 x [[Nova#4|Nova 4]],<br/>1 x [[Nova#3|Nova 3]]
| [[Assembly]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 1,200
|-
| [[Phoenix]]
! CA
| [[Jonathan Schaeffer]]
| 4 x [[VAX|VAX11/780]]<br/>6 x [[Sun|Sun Workstation]]
| [[C]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 540
|-
| [[SPOC]]
! US
| [[Jacques Middlecoff]]
| [[IBM PC]]
| [[8086]] [[Assembly]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 300
|}
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1 CC Country Codes]
<span id="CB_Bebe"></span>
=Games=
==Cray Blitz - Bebe==
After three years without a loss, reigning [[WCCC 1983|World Champion]] [[Cray Blitz]] lost from [[Bebe]] in round two and [[HiTech]] in round four <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Dewdney Alexander Keewatin Dewdney] ('''1986'''). ''[http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/full_record.php?iid=doc-431614f6d2654 The King (A Chess Program) Is Dead, Long Live The King (A Chess Machine)]''. [[Scientific American]], 1986-02, [http://archive.computerhistory.org/projects/chess/related_materials/text/3-2%20and%203-3%20and%205-2.Computer_recreations.Dewdney-AK.Scientific_American.Feb-1986/Computer_recreations.Dewdney-AK.Scientific_American.Feb-1986.062303022.sm.pdf pdf] from [[The Computer History Museum]]</ref> :
<pre>
[Event "ACM 1985"]
[Site "Denver USA"]
[Date "1985.10.13"]
[Round "2"]
[White "Cray Blitz"]
[Black "Bebe"]
[Result "0-1"]
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 g6 6.Bg5 Bg7 7.Qd2 Nc6 8.O-O-O O-O
9.Nb3 Re8 10.Bc4 Ng4 11.h3 Nge5 12.Bb5 a6 13.Be2 a5 14.Bb5 Be6 15.Nd5 a4 16.Nd4
Bd7 17.Nxc6 bxc6 18.Nxe7+ Rxe7 19.Bxe7 Qxe7 20.Be2 Qe6 21.Kb1 Rb8 22.b3 axb3
23.cxb3 Be8 24.Kc2 Nd7 25.f3 Ra8 26.Kc1 Nc5 27.Qc2 Qf6 28.Bc4 Qa1+ 29.Kd2 Qxa2
30.Qxa2 Rxa2+ 31.Kc1 d5 32.exd5 cxd5 33.Bxd5 Bb5 34.Rhe1 Nd3+ 35.Rxd3 Bxd3
36.Re8+ Bf8 37.g4 Kg7 38.Re3 Ba3+ 39.Kd1 Ra1+ 40.Kd2 Bf1 41.Kc3 Rc1+ 42.Kd2 Rc5
43.Ke1 Bxh3 44.Bc4 h5 45.gxh5 gxh5 46.Kf2 h4 47.Rd3 Bf5 48.Rd4 h3 49.Rh4 Rc7
50.Rh5 0-1
</pre>
Game on Lichess.org : [https://en.lichess.org/suB7bcbA]
==Bebe - Hitech==
[[Bebe]] vs [[HiTech]]
<pre>
[Event "ACM 1985"]
[Site "Denver USA"]
[Date "1985.10.14"]
[Round "3"]
[White "Bebe"]
[Black "HiTech"]
[Result "0-1"]
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O b5 6.Bb3 Bb7 7.Re1 Bc5 8.c3 d6
9.d4 Bb6 10.a4 h6 11.axb5 axb5 12.Rxa8 Qxa8 13.Na3 exd4 14.cxd4 Ba6 15.e5 dxe5
16.dxe5 Ng4 17.Bxf7+ Ke7 18.Kf1 b4+ 19.Nc4 Rd8 20.Qc2 Kxf7 21.Qf5+ Nf6 22.Qc2 b3
23.Qe2 Nd4 24.Nxd4 Rxd4 25.Kg1 Bxc4 26.Qf3 Qxf3 27.gxf3 0-1
</pre>
Game on Lichess.org : [https://fr.lichess.org/HJh5jjFO]
=Photos & Games=
==<span id="HiTech_CB"></span>HiTech - Cray Blitz==
[[FILE:acm85-hitech-crayblitz.jpg|none|border|text-bottom]]
[[Michael Valvo|Mike Valvo]], [[Hans Berliner]], [[Murray Campbell]] and [[Robert Hyatt]], [[Tony Scherzer]] watching after 51 ... Bf8 <ref>Image by [[David E. Welsh]], from [[David E. Welsh]] ('''1985'''). ''ACM's Sixteenth North American Computer Chess Championship''. [[ICGA Journal#8_4|ICCA Journal, Vol. 8, No. 4]]</ref> <ref>Other [http://www.gettyimages.de/detail/nachrichtenfoto/hans-berliner-with-his-hitech-computer-and-robert-nachrichtenfoto/72367102 Image] by [http://www.artnet.com/artists/carl-iwasaki/ Carl Iwasaki], [http://www.timelifepictures.com/source/search/product.aspx?p=9&e=0&pg=1&am=-1 Time & Life Pictures/Getty], "[[Hans Berliner]] with his [[HiTech|Hitech]] computer and [[Robert Hyatt]] with [[Cray X-MP|Cray X-MP 48]] computer using his '[[Cray Blitz|Blitz]]' program during a computer chess tournament in which Hitech won"</ref>
<pre>
[Event "ACM 1985"]
[Site "Denver USA"]
[Date "1985.10.15"]
[Round "4"]
[White "Hitech"]
[Black "Cray Blitz"]
[Result "1-0"]
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 exd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nxc6 bxc6 6.Bd3 d5 7.Qe2 Bg4 8.f3 Be6
9.exd5 Nxd5 10.Bf5 Qh4+ 11.Kf1 Qf6 12.Bxe6 Qxe6 13.c4 Qxe2+ 14.Kxe2 Nb6 15.b3
Bd6 16.Nc3 O-O 17.Be3 Be5 18.Rac1 Rfe8 19.Kf2 Rad8 20.f4 Bf6 21.Rhd1 Rxd1 22.Nxd1
h5 23.Nc3 Kh7 24.Ne2 Rd8 25.Kf3 Kg6 26.Ng3 h4 27.f5+ Kh7 28.Ne4 Be7 29.Kg4 Re8
30.Bf2 Nd7 31.Kh3 a6 32.Rd1 Nf6 33.Re1 Nxe4 34.Rxe4 Kg8 35.Bd4 Kf8 36.c5 f6
37.Rxh4 Rd8 38.Rh8+ Kf7 39.Rxd8 Bxd8 40.Kg4 Be7 41.h4 Ke8 42.Kf4 Bd8 43.g4 Be7
44.Ke4 Bd8 45.Be3 Be7 46.a4 Kd8 47.Kd4 Kc8 48.g5 fxg5 49.hxg5 Kd8 50.Ke5 Kd7
51.f6 Bf8 52.a5 g6 53.Bd4 1-0
</pre>
Game and short analyze on Lichess.org : [https://en.lichess.org/mNYqMYKy]
==Aftermath==
A few months later, during the [[WCCC 1986]] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cologne Cologne] after the loss in round 2 from [[Bobby]], [[Robert Hyatt]] found some suspicious [[Holes|pawn hole]] code in Cray Blitz, already implemented in summer 1985 after test games versus a [[Super Constellation]], scoring better against that particular opponent, but apparently causing Cray Blitz to play passively against tactical stronger programs. After removing the few lines of pawn hole code, Cray Blitz could take revenge versus [[Bebe]] and finally [[HiTech]] to defend its title <ref>[http://groups.google.com/group/rec.games.chess.misc/msg/aedf418b6cb71b12 Re: Did Cray Blitz really have a win?] by [[Robert Hyatt]], [[Computer Chess Forums|rec.games.chess.misc]], March 12, 1999</ref> .
=Tournament Director=
* [[Michael Valvo|Mike Valvo]]
=Publications=
* [http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/full_record.php?iid=doc-431614f6cef27 The Sixteenth ACM North American Computer Chess Championship, Denver Colorado, October 13-15, 1985], [http://archive.computerhistory.org/projects/chess/related_materials/text/3-1%20and%203-2%20and%203-3.1985_16th_NACCC/1985%20NACCC.062303067.sm.pdf pdf] from [[The Computer History Museum]]
* [[David E. Welsh]] ('''1985'''). ''ACM's Sixteenth North American Computer Chess Championship''. [[ICGA Journal#8_4|ICCA Journal, Vol. 8, No. 4]]
* [[Hans Berliner]] ('''1985'''). ''HiTech wins North American Computer-Chess Championship''. [[ICGA Journal#8_4|ICCA Journal, Vol. 8, No. 4]]
* [[Danny Kopec]], [[Monroe Newborn|Monty Newborn]] ('''1986'''). ''ACM's Sixteenth North American Computer Chess Championship''. from ''[http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/full_record.php?iid=doc-431614f6ca4a7 The ACM's Seventeenth North American Computer Chess Championship and The Sixth World Microcomputer Chess Championship]'', [http://archive.computerhistory.org/projects/chess/related_materials/text/3-1%20and%203-2%20and%203-3%20and%204-3.1986_17th_NACCC/1986%20NACCC.062303062.sm.pdf pdf] from [[The Computer History Museum]]
* [[Larry Kaufman]] ('''1986'''). ''ACM's North American Computer-Chess Championship''. [[Computer Chess Reports|Computer Chess Reports 1986 Fall/Winter Edition]] pp. 25
* Carolyn Kelly ('''1986'''). ''[http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/full_record.php?iid=doc-431614f6dbf3e Chess Playing Computer Wins Championship]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Tartan The Tartan], [http://archive.computerhistory.org/projects/chess/related_materials/text/5-2.Chess_playing_computer_wins_championship.Kelly-Carolyn.Tartan.NACC.1986/Chess_playing_computer_wins_championship.Kelly-Carolyn.Tartan.NACC.1986.062303038.sm.pdf pdf] from [[The Computer History Museum]]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Dewdney Alexander Keewatin Dewdney] ('''1986'''). ''[http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/full_record.php?iid=doc-431614f6d2654 The King (A Chess Program) Is Dead, Long Live The King (A Chess Machine)]''. [[Scientific American]], 1986-02, [http://archive.computerhistory.org/projects/chess/related_materials/text/3-2%20and%203-3%20and%205-2.Computer_recreations.Dewdney-AK.Scientific_American.Feb-1986/Computer_recreations.Dewdney-AK.Scientific_American.Feb-1986.062303022.sm.pdf pdf] from [[The Computer History Museum]]
=Usenet Posts=
* [http://www.megalextoria.com/usenet-archive/news034f1/b54/mod/ai/00000003.html ACM Computer Chess Championship] by [[Stuart Cracraft]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usenet Usenet], November 2, 1985
=External Links=
* [http://www.csvn.nl/index.php/historie/computer-computer/98-acm-1985 ACM 1985] [[CSVN]] site
{{ACM Include}}
=References=
<references />
'''[[ACM North American Computer Chess Championship|Up one level]]'''
'''[[ACM 1984|< Prev]] [[ACM 1986|Next >]]'''
[[FILE:DenverHilton-225x300.jpg|border|right|thumb|link=http://www.masonryofdenver.com/2014/10/denver-hilton-hotel/|
Denver Radisson, now the Sheraton <ref>Image Denver Hilton from [http://www.masonryofdenver.com/2014/10/denver-hilton-hotel/ The Denver Hilton Hotel (now Sheraton) - The Masonry of Denver)]</ref> ]]
The [[ACM|ACM's]] '''Sixteenth North American Computer Chess Championship''' (NACCC) took place from October 13-15, [[Timeline#1985|1985]], Radisson Hotel <ref>Opened in 1959 as the Denver [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilton_Hotels_%26_Resorts Hilton], designed by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araldo_Cossutta Araldo Cossutta] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I._M._Pei I. M. Pei], was also a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radisson_Hotels Radisson] before joining the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam%27s_Mark Adam's Mark chain] (1995). It has since been reflagged as a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheraton_Hotels_and_Resorts Sheraton] Hotel - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam%27s_Mark Adam's Mark from Wikipedia]</ref> <ref>[http://digital.denverlibrary.org/cdm/singleitem/collection/p15330coll22/id/83473/rec/1 I. M. Pei Hilton, Denver :: Western History]</ref> <ref>[http://digital.denverlibrary.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15330coll22/id/83138 I. M. Pei Paraboloid, Denver :: Western History]</ref> , [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denver%2C_Colorado Denver], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colorado Colorado], USA. Special purpose hardware chess entity [[HiTech]] by a team from [[Carnegie Mellon University]] headed by [[Hans Berliner]] won its first official computer chess tournament conveniently with a perfect score of 4 out of 4, winning from [[Lachex]], [[Phoenix]], [[Bebe]] and [[Cray Blitz]].
=Final Standing=
<ref>[http://www.csvn.nl/index.php/historie/computer-computer/98-acm-1985 ACM 1985] [[CSVN]] site</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! #
! Name
! CC
! 1
! 2
! 3
! 4
! P
! SOS
! SoDOS
|-
! 1
| [[HiTech]]
! US
| style="text-align:center;" | 7w1
| style="text-align:center;" | 4b1
| style="text-align:center;" | 2b1
| style="text-align:center;" | [[ACM 1985#HiTech_CB|5w1]]
! 4
| style="text-align:center;" | 8½
| style="text-align:center;" | 8½
|-
! 2
| [[Bebe]]
! US
| style="text-align:center;" | 9b1
| style="text-align:center;" | [[ACM 1985#CB_Bebe|5b1]]
| style="text-align:center;" | 1w0
| style="text-align:center;" | 4w1
! 3
| style="text-align:center;" | 9
| style="text-align:center;" | 5
|-
! 3
| [[Intelligent Chess Software|Intelligent Software]]
! GB
| style="text-align:center;" | 6b1
| style="text-align:center;" | 9w1
| style="text-align:center;" | 5b0
| style="text-align:center;" | 7w½
! 2½
| style="text-align:center;" | 6½
| style="text-align:center;" | 3¾
|-
! 4
| [[Phoenix]]
! CA
| style="text-align:center;" | 8b1
| style="text-align:center;" | 1w0
| style="text-align:center;" | 7b1
| style="text-align:center;" | 2b0
! 2
| style="text-align:center;" | 10
| style="text-align:center;" | 3
|-
! 5
| [[Cray Blitz]]
! US
| style="text-align:center;" | 10b1
| style="text-align:center;" | [[ACM 1985#CB_Bebe|2w0]]
| style="text-align:center;" | 3w1
| style="text-align:center;" | [[ACM 1985#HiTech_CB|1b0]]
! 2
| style="text-align:center;" | 10
| style="text-align:center;" | 3
|-
! 6
| [[CHAOS]]
! US
| style="text-align:center;" | 3w0
| style="text-align:center;" | 7b0
| style="text-align:center;" | 8b1
| style="text-align:center;" | 10w1
! 2
| style="text-align:center;" | 6
| style="text-align:center;" | 2
|-
! 7
| [[Lachex]]
! US
| style="text-align:center;" | 1b0
| style="text-align:center;" | 6w1
| style="text-align:center;" | 4w0
| style="text-align:center;" | 3b½
! 1½
| style="text-align:center;" | 10½
| style="text-align:center;" | 3¼
|-
! 8
| [[SPOC]]
! US
| style="text-align:center;" | 4w0
| style="text-align:center;" | 10b1
| style="text-align:center;" | 6w0
| style="text-align:center;" | 9b½
! 1½
| style="text-align:center;" | 5½
| style="text-align:center;" | 1
|-
! 9
| [[Ostrich]]
! CA
| style="text-align:center;" | 2w0
| style="text-align:center;" | 3b0
| style="text-align:center;" | 10w½
| style="text-align:center;" | 8w½
! 1
| style="text-align:center;" | 7½
| style="text-align:center;" | 1
|-
! 10
| [[Awit]]
! CA
| style="text-align:center;" | 5w0
| style="text-align:center;" | 8w0
| style="text-align:center;" | 9b½
| style="text-align:center;" | 6b0
! ½
| style="text-align:center;" | 6½
| style="text-align:center;" | ½
|}
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1 CC Country Codes]
* SOS: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buchholz_system Sum of Opponent Scores]
* SoDOS: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neustadtl_score Sum of Defeated Opponent Scores]
=Participants=
<ref>[[David E. Welsh]] ('''1985'''). ''ACM's Sixteenth North American Computer Chess Championship''. [[ICGA Journal#8_4|ICCA Journal, Vol. 8, No. 4]]</ref> <ref>[http://www.megalextoria.com/usenet-archive/news034f1/b54/mod/ai/00000003.html ACM Computer Chess Championship] by [[Stuart Cracraft]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usenet Usenet], November 2, 1985</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Program
! CC
! Team
! Hardware
! Language
! NPS
|-
| [[Awit]]
! CA
| [[Tony Marsland]]
| [[Amdahl 5860|Amdahl 5860/2]]
| [[Algol|Algol W]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 10
|-
| [[Bebe]]
! US
| [[Tony Scherzer]]
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bit_slicing Bit slice]<br/>chess hardware
| [[Assembly]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 20,000
|-
| [[CHAOS]]
! US
| [[Mike Alexander]], [[Fred Swartz]],<br/>[[Jack O’Keefe]]
| [[Amdahl 5860]]
| [[Fortran]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 70
|-
| [[Cray Blitz]]
! US
| [[Robert Hyatt]], [[Albert Gower]],<br/>[[Harry Nelson]]
| [[Cray X-MP|Cray X-MP4]]
| [[Fortran]],
[[Assembly]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 100,000
|-
| [[HiTech]]
! US
| [[Carl Ebeling]], [[Hans Berliner]],<br/>[[Gordon Goetsch]], [[Andrew James Palay|Andy Palay]],<br/>[[Murray Campbell]], [[Larry Slomer]]
| [[Sun|Sun Workstation]] &<br/>special purpose hardware
| [[C]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 175,000
|-
| [[Intelligent Chess Software|Intelligent Software]]
! GB
| [[Mark Taylor]], [[David Levy]],<br/>[[Kevin O’Connell]]
| [[6502]] [[Apple II|Apple IIe]]
| [[Assembly]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 500
|-
| [[Lachex]]
! US
| [[Burton Wendroff]]
| [[Cray X-MP|Cray X-MP 48]]
| [[Fortran]],
[[Assembly]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 50,000
|-
| [[Ostrich]]
! CA
| [[Monroe Newborn]]
| 1 x [[Nova#Eclipse|Eclipse]],<br/>6 x [[Nova#4|Nova 4]],<br/>1 x [[Nova#3|Nova 3]]
| [[Assembly]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 1,200
|-
| [[Phoenix]]
! CA
| [[Jonathan Schaeffer]]
| 4 x [[VAX|VAX11/780]]<br/>6 x [[Sun|Sun Workstation]]
| [[C]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 540
|-
| [[SPOC]]
! US
| [[Jacques Middlecoff]]
| [[IBM PC]]
| [[8086]] [[Assembly]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 300
|}
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1 CC Country Codes]
<span id="CB_Bebe"></span>
=Games=
==Cray Blitz - Bebe==
After three years without a loss, reigning [[WCCC 1983|World Champion]] [[Cray Blitz]] lost from [[Bebe]] in round two and [[HiTech]] in round four <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Dewdney Alexander Keewatin Dewdney] ('''1986'''). ''[http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/full_record.php?iid=doc-431614f6d2654 The King (A Chess Program) Is Dead, Long Live The King (A Chess Machine)]''. [[Scientific American]], 1986-02, [http://archive.computerhistory.org/projects/chess/related_materials/text/3-2%20and%203-3%20and%205-2.Computer_recreations.Dewdney-AK.Scientific_American.Feb-1986/Computer_recreations.Dewdney-AK.Scientific_American.Feb-1986.062303022.sm.pdf pdf] from [[The Computer History Museum]]</ref> :
<pre>
[Event "ACM 1985"]
[Site "Denver USA"]
[Date "1985.10.13"]
[Round "2"]
[White "Cray Blitz"]
[Black "Bebe"]
[Result "0-1"]
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 g6 6.Bg5 Bg7 7.Qd2 Nc6 8.O-O-O O-O
9.Nb3 Re8 10.Bc4 Ng4 11.h3 Nge5 12.Bb5 a6 13.Be2 a5 14.Bb5 Be6 15.Nd5 a4 16.Nd4
Bd7 17.Nxc6 bxc6 18.Nxe7+ Rxe7 19.Bxe7 Qxe7 20.Be2 Qe6 21.Kb1 Rb8 22.b3 axb3
23.cxb3 Be8 24.Kc2 Nd7 25.f3 Ra8 26.Kc1 Nc5 27.Qc2 Qf6 28.Bc4 Qa1+ 29.Kd2 Qxa2
30.Qxa2 Rxa2+ 31.Kc1 d5 32.exd5 cxd5 33.Bxd5 Bb5 34.Rhe1 Nd3+ 35.Rxd3 Bxd3
36.Re8+ Bf8 37.g4 Kg7 38.Re3 Ba3+ 39.Kd1 Ra1+ 40.Kd2 Bf1 41.Kc3 Rc1+ 42.Kd2 Rc5
43.Ke1 Bxh3 44.Bc4 h5 45.gxh5 gxh5 46.Kf2 h4 47.Rd3 Bf5 48.Rd4 h3 49.Rh4 Rc7
50.Rh5 0-1
</pre>
Game on Lichess.org : [https://en.lichess.org/suB7bcbA]
==Bebe - Hitech==
[[Bebe]] vs [[HiTech]]
<pre>
[Event "ACM 1985"]
[Site "Denver USA"]
[Date "1985.10.14"]
[Round "3"]
[White "Bebe"]
[Black "HiTech"]
[Result "0-1"]
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O b5 6.Bb3 Bb7 7.Re1 Bc5 8.c3 d6
9.d4 Bb6 10.a4 h6 11.axb5 axb5 12.Rxa8 Qxa8 13.Na3 exd4 14.cxd4 Ba6 15.e5 dxe5
16.dxe5 Ng4 17.Bxf7+ Ke7 18.Kf1 b4+ 19.Nc4 Rd8 20.Qc2 Kxf7 21.Qf5+ Nf6 22.Qc2 b3
23.Qe2 Nd4 24.Nxd4 Rxd4 25.Kg1 Bxc4 26.Qf3 Qxf3 27.gxf3 0-1
</pre>
Game on Lichess.org : [https://fr.lichess.org/HJh5jjFO]
=Photos & Games=
==<span id="HiTech_CB"></span>HiTech - Cray Blitz==
[[FILE:acm85-hitech-crayblitz.jpg|none|border|text-bottom]]
[[Michael Valvo|Mike Valvo]], [[Hans Berliner]], [[Murray Campbell]] and [[Robert Hyatt]], [[Tony Scherzer]] watching after 51 ... Bf8 <ref>Image by [[David E. Welsh]], from [[David E. Welsh]] ('''1985'''). ''ACM's Sixteenth North American Computer Chess Championship''. [[ICGA Journal#8_4|ICCA Journal, Vol. 8, No. 4]]</ref> <ref>Other [http://www.gettyimages.de/detail/nachrichtenfoto/hans-berliner-with-his-hitech-computer-and-robert-nachrichtenfoto/72367102 Image] by [http://www.artnet.com/artists/carl-iwasaki/ Carl Iwasaki], [http://www.timelifepictures.com/source/search/product.aspx?p=9&e=0&pg=1&am=-1 Time & Life Pictures/Getty], "[[Hans Berliner]] with his [[HiTech|Hitech]] computer and [[Robert Hyatt]] with [[Cray X-MP|Cray X-MP 48]] computer using his '[[Cray Blitz|Blitz]]' program during a computer chess tournament in which Hitech won"</ref>
<pre>
[Event "ACM 1985"]
[Site "Denver USA"]
[Date "1985.10.15"]
[Round "4"]
[White "Hitech"]
[Black "Cray Blitz"]
[Result "1-0"]
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 exd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nxc6 bxc6 6.Bd3 d5 7.Qe2 Bg4 8.f3 Be6
9.exd5 Nxd5 10.Bf5 Qh4+ 11.Kf1 Qf6 12.Bxe6 Qxe6 13.c4 Qxe2+ 14.Kxe2 Nb6 15.b3
Bd6 16.Nc3 O-O 17.Be3 Be5 18.Rac1 Rfe8 19.Kf2 Rad8 20.f4 Bf6 21.Rhd1 Rxd1 22.Nxd1
h5 23.Nc3 Kh7 24.Ne2 Rd8 25.Kf3 Kg6 26.Ng3 h4 27.f5+ Kh7 28.Ne4 Be7 29.Kg4 Re8
30.Bf2 Nd7 31.Kh3 a6 32.Rd1 Nf6 33.Re1 Nxe4 34.Rxe4 Kg8 35.Bd4 Kf8 36.c5 f6
37.Rxh4 Rd8 38.Rh8+ Kf7 39.Rxd8 Bxd8 40.Kg4 Be7 41.h4 Ke8 42.Kf4 Bd8 43.g4 Be7
44.Ke4 Bd8 45.Be3 Be7 46.a4 Kd8 47.Kd4 Kc8 48.g5 fxg5 49.hxg5 Kd8 50.Ke5 Kd7
51.f6 Bf8 52.a5 g6 53.Bd4 1-0
</pre>
Game and short analyze on Lichess.org : [https://en.lichess.org/mNYqMYKy]
==Aftermath==
A few months later, during the [[WCCC 1986]] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cologne Cologne] after the loss in round 2 from [[Bobby]], [[Robert Hyatt]] found some suspicious [[Holes|pawn hole]] code in Cray Blitz, already implemented in summer 1985 after test games versus a [[Super Constellation]], scoring better against that particular opponent, but apparently causing Cray Blitz to play passively against tactical stronger programs. After removing the few lines of pawn hole code, Cray Blitz could take revenge versus [[Bebe]] and finally [[HiTech]] to defend its title <ref>[http://groups.google.com/group/rec.games.chess.misc/msg/aedf418b6cb71b12 Re: Did Cray Blitz really have a win?] by [[Robert Hyatt]], [[Computer Chess Forums|rec.games.chess.misc]], March 12, 1999</ref> .
=Tournament Director=
* [[Michael Valvo|Mike Valvo]]
=Publications=
* [http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/full_record.php?iid=doc-431614f6cef27 The Sixteenth ACM North American Computer Chess Championship, Denver Colorado, October 13-15, 1985], [http://archive.computerhistory.org/projects/chess/related_materials/text/3-1%20and%203-2%20and%203-3.1985_16th_NACCC/1985%20NACCC.062303067.sm.pdf pdf] from [[The Computer History Museum]]
* [[David E. Welsh]] ('''1985'''). ''ACM's Sixteenth North American Computer Chess Championship''. [[ICGA Journal#8_4|ICCA Journal, Vol. 8, No. 4]]
* [[Hans Berliner]] ('''1985'''). ''HiTech wins North American Computer-Chess Championship''. [[ICGA Journal#8_4|ICCA Journal, Vol. 8, No. 4]]
* [[Danny Kopec]], [[Monroe Newborn|Monty Newborn]] ('''1986'''). ''ACM's Sixteenth North American Computer Chess Championship''. from ''[http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/full_record.php?iid=doc-431614f6ca4a7 The ACM's Seventeenth North American Computer Chess Championship and The Sixth World Microcomputer Chess Championship]'', [http://archive.computerhistory.org/projects/chess/related_materials/text/3-1%20and%203-2%20and%203-3%20and%204-3.1986_17th_NACCC/1986%20NACCC.062303062.sm.pdf pdf] from [[The Computer History Museum]]
* [[Larry Kaufman]] ('''1986'''). ''ACM's North American Computer-Chess Championship''. [[Computer Chess Reports|Computer Chess Reports 1986 Fall/Winter Edition]] pp. 25
* Carolyn Kelly ('''1986'''). ''[http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/full_record.php?iid=doc-431614f6dbf3e Chess Playing Computer Wins Championship]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Tartan The Tartan], [http://archive.computerhistory.org/projects/chess/related_materials/text/5-2.Chess_playing_computer_wins_championship.Kelly-Carolyn.Tartan.NACC.1986/Chess_playing_computer_wins_championship.Kelly-Carolyn.Tartan.NACC.1986.062303038.sm.pdf pdf] from [[The Computer History Museum]]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Dewdney Alexander Keewatin Dewdney] ('''1986'''). ''[http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/full_record.php?iid=doc-431614f6d2654 The King (A Chess Program) Is Dead, Long Live The King (A Chess Machine)]''. [[Scientific American]], 1986-02, [http://archive.computerhistory.org/projects/chess/related_materials/text/3-2%20and%203-3%20and%205-2.Computer_recreations.Dewdney-AK.Scientific_American.Feb-1986/Computer_recreations.Dewdney-AK.Scientific_American.Feb-1986.062303022.sm.pdf pdf] from [[The Computer History Museum]]
=Usenet Posts=
* [http://www.megalextoria.com/usenet-archive/news034f1/b54/mod/ai/00000003.html ACM Computer Chess Championship] by [[Stuart Cracraft]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usenet Usenet], November 2, 1985
=External Links=
* [http://www.csvn.nl/index.php/historie/computer-computer/98-acm-1985 ACM 1985] [[CSVN]] site
{{ACM Include}}
=References=
<references />
'''[[ACM North American Computer Chess Championship|Up one level]]'''
