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Created page with "'''Home * Engines * Zappa''' [[FILE:The famous mustache and goatee.jpg|border|right|thumb| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Zappa Frank Zappa] <ref>[htt..."
'''[[Main Page|Home]] * [[Engines]] * Zappa'''
[[FILE:The famous mustache and goatee.jpg|border|right|thumb|
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Zappa Frank Zappa] <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Zappa Frank Zappa], Records on wheels, Toronto, September 24, 1977, [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Frank_Zappa Frank Zappa - Wikimedia Commons]</ref> ]]
'''Zappa''',<br/>
an [[UCI]] compliant chess program developed by [[Anthony Cozzie]]. Zappa won the [[WCCC 2005]] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reykjav%C3%ADk Reykjavík], and after the [[Rybka]] [[World Computer Chess Championship#RybkaDisqualification|disqualification]] in 2011 the [[WCCC 2007]] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam Amsterdam], the [[DOCCC 2005]] and [[CCT7]].During the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_2007 World Chess Championship 2007] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico_City Mexico City], September 2007, Zappa played a [[Zappa versus Rybka 2007|match]] versus [[Rybka]] and scored 5.5 / 10 to win the match <ref>[http://www.chesstigers.de/index_news.php?id=1269&rubrik=3 WM Mexiko-City 2007: 108 Bilder, Namen, Themen, kommentiert, ...] (German) [http://www.chesstigers.de/index.php Chess Tigers News] October 08, 2007</ref> <ref>[http://www.acoz.net/zappa/mexico/ Zappa fillets the Fish: Mexico 2007] by [[Anthony Cozzie]]</ref> <ref>[[Anthony Cozzie]] ('''2007'''). ''Zappa vs. Rybka''. [[ICGA Journal#30_4|ICGA Journal, Vol. 30, No. 4]]</ref> . Zappa's book authors for different events were [[Arturo Ochoa]] ([[CCT7]]) and [[Erdogan Günes]] <ref>[http://www.acoz.net/zappa/ Zappa Chess Engine]</ref> .
=Photos=
<ref>By [[Gerd Isenberg]]</ref>
[[FILE:Anthony2005.JPG|none|border|text-bottom|640px]]
[[Anthony Cozzie]] before round 7, Zappa - [[Junior]], [[WCCC 2005]] <ref>[https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=443224 Zappa - Junior] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 19, 2005</ref>
[[FILE:ZappaTeam2006.JPG|none|border|text-bottom|640px]]
Zappa Team, [[Anthony Cozzie]] and [[Erdogan Günes]], Closing Dinner [[WCCC 2006]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turin Turin]
=Etymology=
Zappa is not directly named for [[Videos#FrankZappa|Frank Zappa]], but from a scene from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austin_Powers:_The_Spy_Who_Shagged_Me Austin Powers 2], where [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr._Evil_%28character%29 Dr. Evil's] base in the moon is divided in two units: Moon Unit Alpha and Moon Unit Zappa - the latter being the name of Frank Zappa's daughter, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon_Unit_Zappa Moon Unit Zappa] <ref>[http://www.acoz.net/zappa/#Name Zappa Chess Engine - Genealogy]</ref> .
=Strictly Commercial=
Immediately after the successful [[WCCC 2005]], there were plans to commercialize Zappa. First attempts with [[Vincent Diepeveen]] involved failed <ref>[https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=447511 Re: Zappa Retail: No UCI?] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], September 04, 2005</ref> . In April 2006 <ref>[http://www.chessbase.com/newsdetail.asp?newsid=3043 World Computer Chess Champion: Zap!Chess], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], April 13, 2006</ref> , a commercial version dubbed '''Zap!Chess''' running under the [[Fritz#FritzGUI|Fritz GUI]] was released by [[ChessBase]]. The version which played the Rybka match, Zappa Mexico, is distributed by [[Stefan Meyer-Kahlen]].
Quote from ''No Commercial Potential : The Saga of Frank Zappa'' ('''1972''') by David Walley, p. 4 <ref>[http://www.amazon.com/No-Commercial-Potential-Frank-Zappa/dp/0306807106 No Commercial Potential: The Saga Of Frank Zappa]</ref> <ref>[http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Frank_Zappa Frank Zappa - Wikiquote]</ref> <ref>[http://wiki.killuglyradio.com/wiki/No_Commercial_Potential:_The_Saga_of_Frank_Zappa No Commercial Potential: The Saga of Frank Zappa - Zappa Wiki Jawaka]</ref> :
{|
|-
! <span style="color: #ffffff;">Jawaka</span>
| style="text-align:center;" | Information is not knowledge<br/>
Knowledge is not wisdom<br/>
Wisdom is not truth<br/>
Truth is not beauty<br/>
Beauty is not love<br/>
Love is not music<br/>
Music is the best <br/>
|}
=Program Internals=
==Board Representation==
Zappa utilizes [[Bitboards|bitboards]] and uses [[Rotated Bitboards|rotated bitboards]] to generate [[Sliding Piece Attacks|sliding attacks]] on the fly. Anthony once experimented with [[Incremental Updates|incremental updated]] [[Attack and Defend Maps|attack tables]], which was a win on 32-bit systems <ref>[https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=363519 The Zappa Attack Table Code] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], May 05, 2004</ref> .
==Hash Collisions==
Excerpt from ''The Effect of [[Transposition Table#KeyCollisions|Hash Signature Collisions]] in a Chess Program'', that is [[Crafty]] and Zappa <ref>[[Robert Hyatt]], [[Anthony Cozzie]] ('''2005'''). ''[http://www.cis.uab.edu/hyatt/collisions.html The Effect of Hash Signature Collisions in a Chess Program]''. [[ICGA Journal#28_3|ICGA Journal, Vol. 28, No. 3]]</ref> :
Both programs are traditional computer chess programs that use the [[Alpha-Beta|alpha/beta algorithm]] to search a [[Search Tree|minimax game tree]]. The search is done in three distinct phases.
Phase 1 is the normal full-width search that is done to some fixed [[Depth|depth]] as limited by the total time allowed for a move. This fixed-depth search is modified by various [[Extensions|search extensions]].
Phase 2 is an add-on search done after the basic search has reached a satisfactory depth. Phase 2 only considers [[Captures|captures]] in Crafty, while Zappa also includes some [[Check|checking]] moves.
Phase 3 is the [[Evaluation|static evaluation]], which takes the current position after phase 2 has completed, and computes a numerical score based on the [[Material|material]], the [[Piece-Square Tables|locations of the pieces]], [[Pawn Structure|pawn structure]], and many other positional considerations. In Crafty/Zappa, all of the [[Transposition Table|hashing]] is done in phase1 of the search, there is no hashing in the [[Quiescence Search|quiescence search]].
==Singular Extensions==
'''Zap!Chess''', the commercial [[ChessBase]] version, has an implementation of [[Singular Extensions]], the famous [[Deep Blue]] search algorithm. They are disabled by default, but they increase the tactical strength of the program at the cost of positional strength <ref>[http://www.chessbase.com/newsdetail.asp?newsid=3043 World Computer Chess Champion: Zap!Chess], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], April 13, 2006</ref> .
==Parallel Search==
Zappa was designed to run on multiple processors and massive parallel systems using [[Shared Memory to include|shared memory]] and [[Thread|threads]] and has an efficient [[Parallel Search|parallel search]] <ref>[https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=444686 Zappa scaling #s] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 23, 2005</ref> . Zappa Mexico can be used on [[Windows]] or [[Linux]] computers with up to 512 CPU cores.
=100% Finished=
In March 2008 Anthony Cozzie announced that "the Zappa project is 100% finished", which includes both tournaments and future releases <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=20058 bad news from zappa ...] by Powell, [[CCC]], Mar 09, 2008</ref> .
=Rondo=
In 2010, [[Zach Wegner]] started to work with [[Anthony Cozzie]], who, still in computer chess retirement, has given control for further development of his massive parallel program, now called [[Rondo]], to Zach <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=34749 Zach, is this true?] by [[Gabor Szots]], [[CCC]], June 06, 2010</ref> <ref>[https://www.game-ai-forum.org/icga-tournaments/program.php?id=58 Zappa's ICGA Tournaments]</ref> .
=See also=
* [[Various Classifications#Arthropod|Arthropod]]
* [[Various Classifications#Astronomy|Astronomy]]
* [[Various Classifications#Fish|Fish]]
* [[Videos#FrankZappa|Frank Zappa Videos]]
* [[Rondo]]
=Publications=
* The Editor ('''2005'''). ''ZAPPA Wins the Computer-Chess Tournament 7''. [[ICGA Journal#28_2|ICGA Journal, Vol. 28, No. 2]] » [[CCT7]]
* [[Robert Hyatt]], [[Anthony Cozzie]] ('''2005'''). ''[http://www.cis.uab.edu/hyatt/collisions.html The Effect of Hash Signature Collisions in a Chess Program]''. [[ICGA Journal#28_3|ICGA Journal, Vol. 28, No. 3]]
* [[Anthony Cozzie]] ('''2007'''). ''Zappa vs. Rybka''. [[ICGA Journal#30_4|ICGA Journal, Vol. 30, No. 4]]
* [[Monroe Newborn|Monty Newborn]] ('''2011'''). ''[http://www.springer.com/computer/general+issues/book/978-0-85729-340-4 Beyond Deep Blue: Chess in the Stratosphere]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Springer_Science%2BBusiness_Media Springer], ISBN-13: 978-0857293404, [http://www.amazon.com/Beyond-Deep-Blue-Chess-Stratosphere/dp/0857293400 amazon]
: [[FILE:bejDeepBlue.jpg|none|border|text-bottom|link=http://www.springer.com/computer/general+issues/book/978-0-85729-340-4]]
: Chapter 9: 2005: Zappa Red Hot at 13th WCCC, page 119
: Chapter 14: 2007: Zappa Upsets Rybka in Mexico City, 5.5–4.5, page 169
=Forum Posts=
==2003==
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=278632 Zappa CCT5 Report] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], January 21, 2003 » [[CCT5]]
==2004==
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=346423 Zappa @ CCT6] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], February 01, 2004 » [[CCT6]]
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=363519 The Zappa Attack Table Code] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], May 05, 2004
==2005 ...==
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=413233 Zappa 1.0 released] by [[Volker Pittlik]], [[CCC]], February 22, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=441791 Zappa - TCB 1-0] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 14, 2005 » [[WCCC 2005]]
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=441966 Sjeng-Zappa] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 14, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=442363 FUTE-Zappa] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 15, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=442149 Zappa=Fruit live] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 15, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=442550 Zappa - Jonny 1-0] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 16, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=442974 The Baron - Zappa 0-1] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 18, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=443224 Zappa - Junior] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 19, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=443322 Zappa-Isichess] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 19, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=443467 Shredder-Zappa] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 20, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=443579 Zappa - Crafty] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 20, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=443831 Diep-Zappa] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 21, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=444686 Zappa scaling #s] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 23, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=445829 Zappa web update & a few other things] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 27, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=445832 Zappa commercial and available in september] by Thomas Logan, [[CCC]], August 27, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=447511 Re: Zappa Retail: No UCI?] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], September 04, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=447620 Zappa UCI: You are all a bunch of HYPOCRITES] by [[Gian-Carlo Pascutto]], [[CCC]], September 04, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=447987 I will not buy Zappa and Sjeng] by [[Sandro Necchi]], [[CCC]], September 06, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=449578 Zappa 1.1] by [[Ernst Walet]], [[CCC]], September 14, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=469523 Re: what do we know about zappa] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], December 12, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=472806 Zappa Hardware Upgrade] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], December 23, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=475497 Zappa Report] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], December 30, 2005 » [[IPCCC 2005 b]]
: [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=475521 Re: Zappa Report] by [[Ingo Althöfer]], [[CCC]], December 30, 2005 <ref>[[Ingo Althöfer]] ('''1993'''). ''On Telescoping Linear Evaluation Functions.'' [[ICGA Journal#16_2|ICCA Journal, Vol. 16, No. 2]], pp. 91-94</ref>
'''2006'''
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=482676 Zappa?] by James T. Walker, [[CCC]], January 27, 2006
'''2007'''
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=16369 Zappa Mexico UCI going commercial] by Kaj Soderberg, [[CCC]], September 09, 2007
* [http://hiarcs.net/forums/viewtopic.php?t=320 Zappa V Rybka Mexico 2007 - Zappa wins 5.5-4.5 - The Games] by [[Harvey Williamson]], [[Computer Chess Forums|Hiarcs Forum]], September 27, 2007
'''2008 ...'''
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=20058 bad news from zappa ...] by Powell, [[CCC]], Mar 09, 2008
==2010 ...==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=44164 info about zappa on 512 cores ?] by [[Daniel Shawul]], [[CCC]], June 23, 2012
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=52219 Threads-Test - SF, Zappa, Komodo - 1 vs. 2, 4, 8, 16 Threads] by [[Andreas Strangmüller]], [[CCC]], May 04, 2014 » [[Thread]], [[Stockfish]], [[Zappa]], [[Komodo]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=570955 Threads factor: Komodo, Houdini, Stockfish and Zappa] by [[Andreas Strangmüller]], [[CCC]], May 17, 2014 » [[Thread]], [[Komodo]], [[Houdini]], [[Stockfish]], [[Zappa]]
==2015 ...==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=56019 Empirical results with Lazy SMP, YBWC, DTS] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], April 16, 2015 » [[Lazy SMP]], [[Young Brothers Wait Concept|YBWC]], [[Dynamic Tree Splitting|DTS]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61400 What is the secret of Zappa?] by [[Frank Quisinsky]], [[CCC]], September 11, 2016
=External Links=
==Zappa Chess==
* [http://www.acoz.net/zappa/ Zappa Chess Engine]
* [https://www.game-ai-forum.org/icga-tournaments/program.php?id=58 Zappa's ICGA Tournaments]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zappa_%28chess%29 Zappa (chess) from Wikipedia]
* [http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessplayer?pid=96888 The chess games of Zappa (Computer)] from [http://www.chessgames.com/index.html chessgames.com]
* [http://www.chessbase.com/newsdetail.asp?newsid=3043 World Computer Chess Champion: Zap!Chess], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], April 13, 2006
* [http://www.chessbase.com/newsdetail.asp?newsid=3718 Man vs Machine, Zap!Chess vs Erwin L'Ami 1-1] by [[Eric van Reem]], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], March 08, 2007 <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erwin_l%27Ami Erwin l'Ami from Wikipedia]</ref> » [[Jos Uiterwijk]]
* [http://www.shredderchess.com/chess-news/shredder-news/zappa-mexico-ii.html Zappa Mexico II available now] from [http://www.shredderchess.com/ shredderchess.com]
==Zappa==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Zappa Frank Zappa from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon_Zappa Moon Zappa from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dweezil_Zappa Dweezil Zappa from Wikipedia]
* [http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Frank_Zappa Frank Zappa - Wikiquote]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mothers_of_Invention The Mothers of Invention from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zappanale Zappanale from Wikipedia]
* [http://wiki.killuglyradio.com/wiki/Main_Page Zappa Wiki Jawaka!]
* [http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/special/rocknroll/0003834.html (3834) Zappafrank] (Planet)
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3834_Zappafrank 3834 Zappafrank from Wikipedia]
* [http://homepage.ntlworld.com/andymurkin/Resources/MusicRes/ZapRes/asteroid.html The Planet Zappafrank]
* [http://homepage.ntlworld.com/andymurkin/Resources/MusicRes/ZapRes/spider.html Pachygnatha Zappa]
* [http://homepage.ntlworld.com/andymurkin/Resources/MusicRes/ZapRes/fish.html Zappa confluentus - "A Fish Called Zappa"]
* [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/07/30/AR2007073000690.html Berlin Names Street After Frank Zappa], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Washington_Post The Washington Post], July 30, 2007
* [[Videos#FrankZappa|Frank Zappa]] - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmik_Debris Cosmik Debris], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube YouTube] Video
: [[Videos#FrankZappa|Frank Zappa]], [[Videos#JeanLucPonty|Jean-Luc Ponty]], [[Videos#GeorgeDuke|George Duke]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Fowler_%28musician%29 Tom Fowler], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Fowler Bruce Fowler], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruth_Underwood Ruth Underwood], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Underwood Ian Underwood], [http://wiki.killuglyradio.com/wiki/Ralph_Humphrey Ralph Humphrey]
: {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dp6LT2MdaPI|alignment=left|valignment=top}}
* [[Videos#FrankZappa|Frank Zappa]] - [http://wiki.killuglyradio.com/wiki/Legend_Of_The_Illinois_Enema_Bandit Illinois Enema Bandit] <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_H._Kenyon Michael H. Kenyon from Wikipedia]</ref> , [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube YouTube] Video
: [[Videos#FrankZappa|Frank Zappa]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_White Ray White], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Vai Steve Vai], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommy_Mars Tommy Mars], [http://wiki.killuglyradio.com/wiki/Bobby_Martin Bobby Martin], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Mann Ed Mann], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scott_Thunes Scott Thunes], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chad_Wackerman Chad Wackerman]
: {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sCTzgATx09o|alignment=left|valignment=top}}
* [[Videos#FrankZappa|Frank Zappa]] - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whipping_Post_%28song%29 Whippin' Post], live at "The Pier", New York City, 26th August 1984, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube YouTube] Video
: [[Videos#FrankZappa|Frank Zappa]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_White Ray White], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ike_Willis Ike Willis], [http://wiki.killuglyradio.com/wiki/Bobby_Martin Bobby Martin], [http://wiki.killuglyradio.com/wiki/Allan_Zavod Allan Zavod], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scott_Thunes Scott Thunes], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chad_Wackerman Chad Wackerman]
: {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-TItmXT8DkM|alignment=left|valignment=top}}
=References=
<references />
'''[[Engines|Up one level]]'''
[[FILE:The famous mustache and goatee.jpg|border|right|thumb|
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Zappa Frank Zappa] <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Zappa Frank Zappa], Records on wheels, Toronto, September 24, 1977, [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Frank_Zappa Frank Zappa - Wikimedia Commons]</ref> ]]
'''Zappa''',<br/>
an [[UCI]] compliant chess program developed by [[Anthony Cozzie]]. Zappa won the [[WCCC 2005]] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reykjav%C3%ADk Reykjavík], and after the [[Rybka]] [[World Computer Chess Championship#RybkaDisqualification|disqualification]] in 2011 the [[WCCC 2007]] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam Amsterdam], the [[DOCCC 2005]] and [[CCT7]].During the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_2007 World Chess Championship 2007] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico_City Mexico City], September 2007, Zappa played a [[Zappa versus Rybka 2007|match]] versus [[Rybka]] and scored 5.5 / 10 to win the match <ref>[http://www.chesstigers.de/index_news.php?id=1269&rubrik=3 WM Mexiko-City 2007: 108 Bilder, Namen, Themen, kommentiert, ...] (German) [http://www.chesstigers.de/index.php Chess Tigers News] October 08, 2007</ref> <ref>[http://www.acoz.net/zappa/mexico/ Zappa fillets the Fish: Mexico 2007] by [[Anthony Cozzie]]</ref> <ref>[[Anthony Cozzie]] ('''2007'''). ''Zappa vs. Rybka''. [[ICGA Journal#30_4|ICGA Journal, Vol. 30, No. 4]]</ref> . Zappa's book authors for different events were [[Arturo Ochoa]] ([[CCT7]]) and [[Erdogan Günes]] <ref>[http://www.acoz.net/zappa/ Zappa Chess Engine]</ref> .
=Photos=
<ref>By [[Gerd Isenberg]]</ref>
[[FILE:Anthony2005.JPG|none|border|text-bottom|640px]]
[[Anthony Cozzie]] before round 7, Zappa - [[Junior]], [[WCCC 2005]] <ref>[https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=443224 Zappa - Junior] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 19, 2005</ref>
[[FILE:ZappaTeam2006.JPG|none|border|text-bottom|640px]]
Zappa Team, [[Anthony Cozzie]] and [[Erdogan Günes]], Closing Dinner [[WCCC 2006]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turin Turin]
=Etymology=
Zappa is not directly named for [[Videos#FrankZappa|Frank Zappa]], but from a scene from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austin_Powers:_The_Spy_Who_Shagged_Me Austin Powers 2], where [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr._Evil_%28character%29 Dr. Evil's] base in the moon is divided in two units: Moon Unit Alpha and Moon Unit Zappa - the latter being the name of Frank Zappa's daughter, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon_Unit_Zappa Moon Unit Zappa] <ref>[http://www.acoz.net/zappa/#Name Zappa Chess Engine - Genealogy]</ref> .
=Strictly Commercial=
Immediately after the successful [[WCCC 2005]], there were plans to commercialize Zappa. First attempts with [[Vincent Diepeveen]] involved failed <ref>[https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=447511 Re: Zappa Retail: No UCI?] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], September 04, 2005</ref> . In April 2006 <ref>[http://www.chessbase.com/newsdetail.asp?newsid=3043 World Computer Chess Champion: Zap!Chess], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], April 13, 2006</ref> , a commercial version dubbed '''Zap!Chess''' running under the [[Fritz#FritzGUI|Fritz GUI]] was released by [[ChessBase]]. The version which played the Rybka match, Zappa Mexico, is distributed by [[Stefan Meyer-Kahlen]].
Quote from ''No Commercial Potential : The Saga of Frank Zappa'' ('''1972''') by David Walley, p. 4 <ref>[http://www.amazon.com/No-Commercial-Potential-Frank-Zappa/dp/0306807106 No Commercial Potential: The Saga Of Frank Zappa]</ref> <ref>[http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Frank_Zappa Frank Zappa - Wikiquote]</ref> <ref>[http://wiki.killuglyradio.com/wiki/No_Commercial_Potential:_The_Saga_of_Frank_Zappa No Commercial Potential: The Saga of Frank Zappa - Zappa Wiki Jawaka]</ref> :
{|
|-
! <span style="color: #ffffff;">Jawaka</span>
| style="text-align:center;" | Information is not knowledge<br/>
Knowledge is not wisdom<br/>
Wisdom is not truth<br/>
Truth is not beauty<br/>
Beauty is not love<br/>
Love is not music<br/>
Music is the best <br/>
|}
=Program Internals=
==Board Representation==
Zappa utilizes [[Bitboards|bitboards]] and uses [[Rotated Bitboards|rotated bitboards]] to generate [[Sliding Piece Attacks|sliding attacks]] on the fly. Anthony once experimented with [[Incremental Updates|incremental updated]] [[Attack and Defend Maps|attack tables]], which was a win on 32-bit systems <ref>[https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=363519 The Zappa Attack Table Code] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], May 05, 2004</ref> .
==Hash Collisions==
Excerpt from ''The Effect of [[Transposition Table#KeyCollisions|Hash Signature Collisions]] in a Chess Program'', that is [[Crafty]] and Zappa <ref>[[Robert Hyatt]], [[Anthony Cozzie]] ('''2005'''). ''[http://www.cis.uab.edu/hyatt/collisions.html The Effect of Hash Signature Collisions in a Chess Program]''. [[ICGA Journal#28_3|ICGA Journal, Vol. 28, No. 3]]</ref> :
Both programs are traditional computer chess programs that use the [[Alpha-Beta|alpha/beta algorithm]] to search a [[Search Tree|minimax game tree]]. The search is done in three distinct phases.
Phase 1 is the normal full-width search that is done to some fixed [[Depth|depth]] as limited by the total time allowed for a move. This fixed-depth search is modified by various [[Extensions|search extensions]].
Phase 2 is an add-on search done after the basic search has reached a satisfactory depth. Phase 2 only considers [[Captures|captures]] in Crafty, while Zappa also includes some [[Check|checking]] moves.
Phase 3 is the [[Evaluation|static evaluation]], which takes the current position after phase 2 has completed, and computes a numerical score based on the [[Material|material]], the [[Piece-Square Tables|locations of the pieces]], [[Pawn Structure|pawn structure]], and many other positional considerations. In Crafty/Zappa, all of the [[Transposition Table|hashing]] is done in phase1 of the search, there is no hashing in the [[Quiescence Search|quiescence search]].
==Singular Extensions==
'''Zap!Chess''', the commercial [[ChessBase]] version, has an implementation of [[Singular Extensions]], the famous [[Deep Blue]] search algorithm. They are disabled by default, but they increase the tactical strength of the program at the cost of positional strength <ref>[http://www.chessbase.com/newsdetail.asp?newsid=3043 World Computer Chess Champion: Zap!Chess], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], April 13, 2006</ref> .
==Parallel Search==
Zappa was designed to run on multiple processors and massive parallel systems using [[Shared Memory to include|shared memory]] and [[Thread|threads]] and has an efficient [[Parallel Search|parallel search]] <ref>[https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=444686 Zappa scaling #s] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 23, 2005</ref> . Zappa Mexico can be used on [[Windows]] or [[Linux]] computers with up to 512 CPU cores.
=100% Finished=
In March 2008 Anthony Cozzie announced that "the Zappa project is 100% finished", which includes both tournaments and future releases <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=20058 bad news from zappa ...] by Powell, [[CCC]], Mar 09, 2008</ref> .
=Rondo=
In 2010, [[Zach Wegner]] started to work with [[Anthony Cozzie]], who, still in computer chess retirement, has given control for further development of his massive parallel program, now called [[Rondo]], to Zach <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=34749 Zach, is this true?] by [[Gabor Szots]], [[CCC]], June 06, 2010</ref> <ref>[https://www.game-ai-forum.org/icga-tournaments/program.php?id=58 Zappa's ICGA Tournaments]</ref> .
=See also=
* [[Various Classifications#Arthropod|Arthropod]]
* [[Various Classifications#Astronomy|Astronomy]]
* [[Various Classifications#Fish|Fish]]
* [[Videos#FrankZappa|Frank Zappa Videos]]
* [[Rondo]]
=Publications=
* The Editor ('''2005'''). ''ZAPPA Wins the Computer-Chess Tournament 7''. [[ICGA Journal#28_2|ICGA Journal, Vol. 28, No. 2]] » [[CCT7]]
* [[Robert Hyatt]], [[Anthony Cozzie]] ('''2005'''). ''[http://www.cis.uab.edu/hyatt/collisions.html The Effect of Hash Signature Collisions in a Chess Program]''. [[ICGA Journal#28_3|ICGA Journal, Vol. 28, No. 3]]
* [[Anthony Cozzie]] ('''2007'''). ''Zappa vs. Rybka''. [[ICGA Journal#30_4|ICGA Journal, Vol. 30, No. 4]]
* [[Monroe Newborn|Monty Newborn]] ('''2011'''). ''[http://www.springer.com/computer/general+issues/book/978-0-85729-340-4 Beyond Deep Blue: Chess in the Stratosphere]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Springer_Science%2BBusiness_Media Springer], ISBN-13: 978-0857293404, [http://www.amazon.com/Beyond-Deep-Blue-Chess-Stratosphere/dp/0857293400 amazon]
: [[FILE:bejDeepBlue.jpg|none|border|text-bottom|link=http://www.springer.com/computer/general+issues/book/978-0-85729-340-4]]
: Chapter 9: 2005: Zappa Red Hot at 13th WCCC, page 119
: Chapter 14: 2007: Zappa Upsets Rybka in Mexico City, 5.5–4.5, page 169
=Forum Posts=
==2003==
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=278632 Zappa CCT5 Report] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], January 21, 2003 » [[CCT5]]
==2004==
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=346423 Zappa @ CCT6] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], February 01, 2004 » [[CCT6]]
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=363519 The Zappa Attack Table Code] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], May 05, 2004
==2005 ...==
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=413233 Zappa 1.0 released] by [[Volker Pittlik]], [[CCC]], February 22, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=441791 Zappa - TCB 1-0] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 14, 2005 » [[WCCC 2005]]
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=441966 Sjeng-Zappa] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 14, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=442363 FUTE-Zappa] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 15, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=442149 Zappa=Fruit live] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 15, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=442550 Zappa - Jonny 1-0] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 16, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=442974 The Baron - Zappa 0-1] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 18, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=443224 Zappa - Junior] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 19, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=443322 Zappa-Isichess] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 19, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=443467 Shredder-Zappa] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 20, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=443579 Zappa - Crafty] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 20, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=443831 Diep-Zappa] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 21, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=444686 Zappa scaling #s] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 23, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=445829 Zappa web update & a few other things] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], August 27, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=445832 Zappa commercial and available in september] by Thomas Logan, [[CCC]], August 27, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=447511 Re: Zappa Retail: No UCI?] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], September 04, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=447620 Zappa UCI: You are all a bunch of HYPOCRITES] by [[Gian-Carlo Pascutto]], [[CCC]], September 04, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=447987 I will not buy Zappa and Sjeng] by [[Sandro Necchi]], [[CCC]], September 06, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=449578 Zappa 1.1] by [[Ernst Walet]], [[CCC]], September 14, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=469523 Re: what do we know about zappa] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], December 12, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=472806 Zappa Hardware Upgrade] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], December 23, 2005
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=475497 Zappa Report] by [[Anthony Cozzie]], [[CCC]], December 30, 2005 » [[IPCCC 2005 b]]
: [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=475521 Re: Zappa Report] by [[Ingo Althöfer]], [[CCC]], December 30, 2005 <ref>[[Ingo Althöfer]] ('''1993'''). ''On Telescoping Linear Evaluation Functions.'' [[ICGA Journal#16_2|ICCA Journal, Vol. 16, No. 2]], pp. 91-94</ref>
'''2006'''
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=482676 Zappa?] by James T. Walker, [[CCC]], January 27, 2006
'''2007'''
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=16369 Zappa Mexico UCI going commercial] by Kaj Soderberg, [[CCC]], September 09, 2007
* [http://hiarcs.net/forums/viewtopic.php?t=320 Zappa V Rybka Mexico 2007 - Zappa wins 5.5-4.5 - The Games] by [[Harvey Williamson]], [[Computer Chess Forums|Hiarcs Forum]], September 27, 2007
'''2008 ...'''
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=20058 bad news from zappa ...] by Powell, [[CCC]], Mar 09, 2008
==2010 ...==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=44164 info about zappa on 512 cores ?] by [[Daniel Shawul]], [[CCC]], June 23, 2012
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=52219 Threads-Test - SF, Zappa, Komodo - 1 vs. 2, 4, 8, 16 Threads] by [[Andreas Strangmüller]], [[CCC]], May 04, 2014 » [[Thread]], [[Stockfish]], [[Zappa]], [[Komodo]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=570955 Threads factor: Komodo, Houdini, Stockfish and Zappa] by [[Andreas Strangmüller]], [[CCC]], May 17, 2014 » [[Thread]], [[Komodo]], [[Houdini]], [[Stockfish]], [[Zappa]]
==2015 ...==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=56019 Empirical results with Lazy SMP, YBWC, DTS] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], April 16, 2015 » [[Lazy SMP]], [[Young Brothers Wait Concept|YBWC]], [[Dynamic Tree Splitting|DTS]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61400 What is the secret of Zappa?] by [[Frank Quisinsky]], [[CCC]], September 11, 2016
=External Links=
==Zappa Chess==
* [http://www.acoz.net/zappa/ Zappa Chess Engine]
* [https://www.game-ai-forum.org/icga-tournaments/program.php?id=58 Zappa's ICGA Tournaments]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zappa_%28chess%29 Zappa (chess) from Wikipedia]
* [http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessplayer?pid=96888 The chess games of Zappa (Computer)] from [http://www.chessgames.com/index.html chessgames.com]
* [http://www.chessbase.com/newsdetail.asp?newsid=3043 World Computer Chess Champion: Zap!Chess], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], April 13, 2006
* [http://www.chessbase.com/newsdetail.asp?newsid=3718 Man vs Machine, Zap!Chess vs Erwin L'Ami 1-1] by [[Eric van Reem]], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], March 08, 2007 <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erwin_l%27Ami Erwin l'Ami from Wikipedia]</ref> » [[Jos Uiterwijk]]
* [http://www.shredderchess.com/chess-news/shredder-news/zappa-mexico-ii.html Zappa Mexico II available now] from [http://www.shredderchess.com/ shredderchess.com]
==Zappa==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Zappa Frank Zappa from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon_Zappa Moon Zappa from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dweezil_Zappa Dweezil Zappa from Wikipedia]
* [http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Frank_Zappa Frank Zappa - Wikiquote]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mothers_of_Invention The Mothers of Invention from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zappanale Zappanale from Wikipedia]
* [http://wiki.killuglyradio.com/wiki/Main_Page Zappa Wiki Jawaka!]
* [http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/special/rocknroll/0003834.html (3834) Zappafrank] (Planet)
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3834_Zappafrank 3834 Zappafrank from Wikipedia]
* [http://homepage.ntlworld.com/andymurkin/Resources/MusicRes/ZapRes/asteroid.html The Planet Zappafrank]
* [http://homepage.ntlworld.com/andymurkin/Resources/MusicRes/ZapRes/spider.html Pachygnatha Zappa]
* [http://homepage.ntlworld.com/andymurkin/Resources/MusicRes/ZapRes/fish.html Zappa confluentus - "A Fish Called Zappa"]
* [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/07/30/AR2007073000690.html Berlin Names Street After Frank Zappa], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Washington_Post The Washington Post], July 30, 2007
* [[Videos#FrankZappa|Frank Zappa]] - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmik_Debris Cosmik Debris], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube YouTube] Video
: [[Videos#FrankZappa|Frank Zappa]], [[Videos#JeanLucPonty|Jean-Luc Ponty]], [[Videos#GeorgeDuke|George Duke]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Fowler_%28musician%29 Tom Fowler], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Fowler Bruce Fowler], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruth_Underwood Ruth Underwood], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Underwood Ian Underwood], [http://wiki.killuglyradio.com/wiki/Ralph_Humphrey Ralph Humphrey]
: {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dp6LT2MdaPI|alignment=left|valignment=top}}
* [[Videos#FrankZappa|Frank Zappa]] - [http://wiki.killuglyradio.com/wiki/Legend_Of_The_Illinois_Enema_Bandit Illinois Enema Bandit] <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_H._Kenyon Michael H. Kenyon from Wikipedia]</ref> , [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube YouTube] Video
: [[Videos#FrankZappa|Frank Zappa]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_White Ray White], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Vai Steve Vai], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommy_Mars Tommy Mars], [http://wiki.killuglyradio.com/wiki/Bobby_Martin Bobby Martin], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Mann Ed Mann], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scott_Thunes Scott Thunes], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chad_Wackerman Chad Wackerman]
: {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sCTzgATx09o|alignment=left|valignment=top}}
* [[Videos#FrankZappa|Frank Zappa]] - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whipping_Post_%28song%29 Whippin' Post], live at "The Pier", New York City, 26th August 1984, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube YouTube] Video
: [[Videos#FrankZappa|Frank Zappa]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_White Ray White], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ike_Willis Ike Willis], [http://wiki.killuglyradio.com/wiki/Bobby_Martin Bobby Martin], [http://wiki.killuglyradio.com/wiki/Allan_Zavod Allan Zavod], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scott_Thunes Scott Thunes], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chad_Wackerman Chad Wackerman]
: {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-TItmXT8DkM|alignment=left|valignment=top}}
=References=
<references />
'''[[Engines|Up one level]]'''
