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'''[[Main Page|Home]] * [[Knowledge]] * [[Endgame Tablebases]] * Bitbases'''
'''Endgame Bitbases''',
are compact endgame tablebases with game theoretical values of one or two bits per position stored. They are sufficient for various material configurations to reside inside [[Memory#RAM|RAM]] for short probing access time, intended to use deep inside the [[Search|search]]. The boolean or four valued ranges are either {''won'', ''not_won''} or {''won'', ''draw'', ''loss'', ''invalid''}. While WDL information is sufficient to guide the search into won positions, it lacks any sense of progress in won positions. Therefor, programs either probe full tablebases at the [[Root|root]] to reveal the number of moves until conversion or mate, or combine WDL-scores with heuristic evaluation [[Score|scores]], considering [[Material|material]], ply-distance to the root, pawn closeness to promotion, [[Distance|distance]] of pieces to opponent king, etc.. Endgame Bitbases were described in 1999 by [[Ernst A. Heinz]] in ''Knowledgeable Encoding and Querying of Endgame Databases'', as applied with 4-men in [[DarkThought]] <ref>[[Ernst A. Heinz]] ('''1999'''). ''Knowledgeable Encoding and Querying of Endgame Databases.'' [[ICGA Journal#22_2|ICCA Journal, Vol. 22, No. 2]], [http://people.csail.mit.edu/heinz/ps/know_edb.ps.gz ps]</ref>.
=Bitbase Implementations=
* [[Gaviota Tablebases]] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=32835 Gaviota TBs [0.1.6.1], bitbase-like interface] by [[Miguel A. Ballicora]], [[CCC]], February 22, 2010</ref>
* [[Scorpio Bitbases]]
* [[Shredder#Bases|Shredder Bases]] <ref>[http://www.shredderchess.com/chess-info/features/shredderbases.html Shredderbases]</ref>
* [[Syzygy Bases]]
=See also=
* [[Interior Node Recognizer]]
* [[KPK]]
* [[Retrograde Analysis]]
=Publications=
* [[Ken Thompson]] ('''1996'''). ''6-Piece Endgames''. [[ICGA Journal#19_4|ICCA Journal, Vol. 19, No. 4]]
* [[Ernst A. Heinz]] ('''1999'''). ''Knowledgeable Encoding and Querying of Endgame Databases.'' [[ICGA Journal#22_2|ICCA Journal, Vol. 22, No. 2]], [http://people.csail.mit.edu/heinz/ps/know_edb.ps.gz ps]
* [[Ren Wu]], [[Don Beal]] ('''2001'''). ''Fast, Memory-efficient Retrograde Algorithms''. [[ICGA Journal#24_3|ICGA Journal, Vol. 24, No. 3]] <ref>[https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=200335 Generating egtbs ICGAJ] by [[Tony van Roon-Werten|Tony Werten]], [[CCC]], December 04, 2001, with reference to [http://www.abc.se/~m10051/eg.txt Computing endgames with few men] by [[Urban Koistinen]]</ref>
=Forum Posts=
==2000==
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=162252 EGTB: Better algorithm] by [[Urban Koistinen]], [[CCC]], April 07, 2001 <ref>[http://www.abc.se/~m10051/eg.txt Computing endgames with few men] by [[Urban Koistinen]]</ref>
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=200335 Generating egtbs ICGAJ] by [[Tony van Roon-Werten|Tony Werten]], [[CCC]], December 04, 2001 <ref>[[Ren Wu]], [[Don Beal]] ('''2001'''). ''Fast, Memory-efficient Retrograde Algorithms''. [[ICGA Journal#24_3|ICGA Journal, Vol. 24, No. 3]]</ref>
: [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=200376 Wu/Beal predates Koistinen] by [[Guy Haworth]], [[CCC]], December 04, 2001
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=290629 EGTB generation with 1 bit per position?] by [[Martin Fierz]], [[CCC]], March 25, 2003
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=370997 Any programs besides Yace and Patzer that can use bitbase files] by [[Dann Corbit]], [[CCC]], June 17, 2004 » [[Patzer]], [[Yace]]
==2005==
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=467250 Bitbases - yace, scorpio, gambitfruit] by [[Bernhard Bauer]], [[CCC]], December 06, 2005
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=12987 Open Source bitbase program] by [[Peter Fendrich]], [[CCC]], April 09, 2007
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=13511 KQKB and KQKN heuristic for bitbases?!] by [[Jesper Nielsen]], [[CCC]], May 01, 2007
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=14687 bitbases and Linux] by [[Charles Roberson]], [[CCC]], June 26, 2007
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=19361 Question about bitbases] by [[Thomas Gaksch]], [[CCC]], February 02, 2008
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=19575 How to generate a "simple" bitbase?] by [[Alessandro Scotti]], [[CCC]], February 12, 2008
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=21301 How much are bitbases worth?] by [[Tord Romstad]], [[CCC]], May 22, 2008
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=27722 Bitbases] by [[Frank Phillips]], [[CCC]], May 03, 2009
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=28944 Endgame bitbase / tablebase compromise?] by clgd, [[CCC]], July 13, 2009
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=29390 Bitbase indexing and en passant] by [[Tord Romstad]], [[CCC]], August 14, 2009
==2010==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=32835 Gaviota TBs [0.1.6.1], bitbase-like interface] by [[Miguel A. Ballicora]], [[CCC]], February 22, 2010
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=33382 Gaviota TBs Probing Code (v0.2) UPDATE, Bitbases on the fly] by [[Miguel A. Ballicora]], [[CCC]], March 20, 2010
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=33781 hard-wired bitbases] by Ben Stoker, [[CCC]], April 13, 2010
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=34634 Stockfish bitbase] by [[Chua Kong Sian|kongsian]], [[CCC]], June 01, 2010
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=45009 Search with bitbase] by [[Pham Hong Nguyen]], [[CCC]], September 05, 2012
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=46893 KPK bitbase] by [[Maarten Bults]], [[CCC]], January 16, 2013 » [[KPK]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=49684 What happens using egbb] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], October 12, 2013
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50894 Scorpio 6men EGBB Now available] by [[Joshua Shriver]], [[CCC]], January 14, 2014 » [[Scorpio Bitbases]]
==2015 ...==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=57517 Yet another KPK endgame table generator: pfkpk] by [[Marcel van Kervinck]], [[CCC]], September 05, 2015 » [[KPK]] <ref>[https://github.com/kervinck/pfkpk kervinck/pfkpk · GitHub]</ref>
=External Links=
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endgame_tablebase#Computer_chess Endgame tablebase | Computer chess - Wikipedia]
* [http://www.abc.se/~m10051/eg.txt Computing endgames with few men] by [[Urban Koistinen]]
* [https://github.com/dshawul/Scorpio dshawul/Scorpio · GitHub] includes Six men egbb code » [[Scorpio Bitbases]] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50894 Scorpio 6men EGBB Now available] by [[Joshua Shriver]], [[CCC]], January 14, 2014</ref>
* [https://github.com/kervinck/pfkpk kervinck/pfkpk · GitHub] » [[KPK]] Bitbase by [[Marcel van Kervinck]] <ref> [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=57517 Yet another KPK endgame table generator: pfkpk] by [[Marcel van Kervinck]], [[CCC]], September 05, 2015 </ref>
=References=
<references />
'''[[Endgame Tablebases|Up one level]]'''
'''Endgame Bitbases''',
are compact endgame tablebases with game theoretical values of one or two bits per position stored. They are sufficient for various material configurations to reside inside [[Memory#RAM|RAM]] for short probing access time, intended to use deep inside the [[Search|search]]. The boolean or four valued ranges are either {''won'', ''not_won''} or {''won'', ''draw'', ''loss'', ''invalid''}. While WDL information is sufficient to guide the search into won positions, it lacks any sense of progress in won positions. Therefor, programs either probe full tablebases at the [[Root|root]] to reveal the number of moves until conversion or mate, or combine WDL-scores with heuristic evaluation [[Score|scores]], considering [[Material|material]], ply-distance to the root, pawn closeness to promotion, [[Distance|distance]] of pieces to opponent king, etc.. Endgame Bitbases were described in 1999 by [[Ernst A. Heinz]] in ''Knowledgeable Encoding and Querying of Endgame Databases'', as applied with 4-men in [[DarkThought]] <ref>[[Ernst A. Heinz]] ('''1999'''). ''Knowledgeable Encoding and Querying of Endgame Databases.'' [[ICGA Journal#22_2|ICCA Journal, Vol. 22, No. 2]], [http://people.csail.mit.edu/heinz/ps/know_edb.ps.gz ps]</ref>.
=Bitbase Implementations=
* [[Gaviota Tablebases]] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=32835 Gaviota TBs [0.1.6.1], bitbase-like interface] by [[Miguel A. Ballicora]], [[CCC]], February 22, 2010</ref>
* [[Scorpio Bitbases]]
* [[Shredder#Bases|Shredder Bases]] <ref>[http://www.shredderchess.com/chess-info/features/shredderbases.html Shredderbases]</ref>
* [[Syzygy Bases]]
=See also=
* [[Interior Node Recognizer]]
* [[KPK]]
* [[Retrograde Analysis]]
=Publications=
* [[Ken Thompson]] ('''1996'''). ''6-Piece Endgames''. [[ICGA Journal#19_4|ICCA Journal, Vol. 19, No. 4]]
* [[Ernst A. Heinz]] ('''1999'''). ''Knowledgeable Encoding and Querying of Endgame Databases.'' [[ICGA Journal#22_2|ICCA Journal, Vol. 22, No. 2]], [http://people.csail.mit.edu/heinz/ps/know_edb.ps.gz ps]
* [[Ren Wu]], [[Don Beal]] ('''2001'''). ''Fast, Memory-efficient Retrograde Algorithms''. [[ICGA Journal#24_3|ICGA Journal, Vol. 24, No. 3]] <ref>[https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=200335 Generating egtbs ICGAJ] by [[Tony van Roon-Werten|Tony Werten]], [[CCC]], December 04, 2001, with reference to [http://www.abc.se/~m10051/eg.txt Computing endgames with few men] by [[Urban Koistinen]]</ref>
=Forum Posts=
==2000==
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=162252 EGTB: Better algorithm] by [[Urban Koistinen]], [[CCC]], April 07, 2001 <ref>[http://www.abc.se/~m10051/eg.txt Computing endgames with few men] by [[Urban Koistinen]]</ref>
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=200335 Generating egtbs ICGAJ] by [[Tony van Roon-Werten|Tony Werten]], [[CCC]], December 04, 2001 <ref>[[Ren Wu]], [[Don Beal]] ('''2001'''). ''Fast, Memory-efficient Retrograde Algorithms''. [[ICGA Journal#24_3|ICGA Journal, Vol. 24, No. 3]]</ref>
: [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=200376 Wu/Beal predates Koistinen] by [[Guy Haworth]], [[CCC]], December 04, 2001
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=290629 EGTB generation with 1 bit per position?] by [[Martin Fierz]], [[CCC]], March 25, 2003
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=370997 Any programs besides Yace and Patzer that can use bitbase files] by [[Dann Corbit]], [[CCC]], June 17, 2004 » [[Patzer]], [[Yace]]
==2005==
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=467250 Bitbases - yace, scorpio, gambitfruit] by [[Bernhard Bauer]], [[CCC]], December 06, 2005
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=12987 Open Source bitbase program] by [[Peter Fendrich]], [[CCC]], April 09, 2007
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=13511 KQKB and KQKN heuristic for bitbases?!] by [[Jesper Nielsen]], [[CCC]], May 01, 2007
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=14687 bitbases and Linux] by [[Charles Roberson]], [[CCC]], June 26, 2007
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=19361 Question about bitbases] by [[Thomas Gaksch]], [[CCC]], February 02, 2008
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=19575 How to generate a "simple" bitbase?] by [[Alessandro Scotti]], [[CCC]], February 12, 2008
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=21301 How much are bitbases worth?] by [[Tord Romstad]], [[CCC]], May 22, 2008
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=27722 Bitbases] by [[Frank Phillips]], [[CCC]], May 03, 2009
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=28944 Endgame bitbase / tablebase compromise?] by clgd, [[CCC]], July 13, 2009
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=29390 Bitbase indexing and en passant] by [[Tord Romstad]], [[CCC]], August 14, 2009
==2010==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=32835 Gaviota TBs [0.1.6.1], bitbase-like interface] by [[Miguel A. Ballicora]], [[CCC]], February 22, 2010
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=33382 Gaviota TBs Probing Code (v0.2) UPDATE, Bitbases on the fly] by [[Miguel A. Ballicora]], [[CCC]], March 20, 2010
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=33781 hard-wired bitbases] by Ben Stoker, [[CCC]], April 13, 2010
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=34634 Stockfish bitbase] by [[Chua Kong Sian|kongsian]], [[CCC]], June 01, 2010
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=45009 Search with bitbase] by [[Pham Hong Nguyen]], [[CCC]], September 05, 2012
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=46893 KPK bitbase] by [[Maarten Bults]], [[CCC]], January 16, 2013 » [[KPK]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=49684 What happens using egbb] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], October 12, 2013
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50894 Scorpio 6men EGBB Now available] by [[Joshua Shriver]], [[CCC]], January 14, 2014 » [[Scorpio Bitbases]]
==2015 ...==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=57517 Yet another KPK endgame table generator: pfkpk] by [[Marcel van Kervinck]], [[CCC]], September 05, 2015 » [[KPK]] <ref>[https://github.com/kervinck/pfkpk kervinck/pfkpk · GitHub]</ref>
=External Links=
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endgame_tablebase#Computer_chess Endgame tablebase | Computer chess - Wikipedia]
* [http://www.abc.se/~m10051/eg.txt Computing endgames with few men] by [[Urban Koistinen]]
* [https://github.com/dshawul/Scorpio dshawul/Scorpio · GitHub] includes Six men egbb code » [[Scorpio Bitbases]] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50894 Scorpio 6men EGBB Now available] by [[Joshua Shriver]], [[CCC]], January 14, 2014</ref>
* [https://github.com/kervinck/pfkpk kervinck/pfkpk · GitHub] » [[KPK]] Bitbase by [[Marcel van Kervinck]] <ref> [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=57517 Yet another KPK endgame table generator: pfkpk] by [[Marcel van Kervinck]], [[CCC]], September 05, 2015 </ref>
=References=
<references />
'''[[Endgame Tablebases|Up one level]]'''
