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'''[[Main Page|Home]] * [[Chess]] * [[Moves]] * Captures'''
'''Captures''' are [[Tactical Moves|tactical moves]] changing [[Material#Balance|material balance]] where an opponent [[Pieces|piece]] is removed from the [[Chessboard|board]] as part of the completion of the move. This is either done by moving a piece to a [[Squares|square]], which is [[Occupancy|occupied]] by the opponent captured piece - or as a special case of [[Pawn|pawn]] takes pawn, [[En passant|en passant]].
Winning captures are those with least valuable aggressor of most valuable victim, where even a recapture would win [[Material|material]], and captures of pieces [[En prise|en prise]], that is the union of undefended ([[Hanging Piece|hanging]]) pieces, as well as pieces defended inadequately. A [[Static Exchange Evaluation|static exchange evaluation]] might be applied to determine a victim is ''en prise'' or not. Equal captures are exchanges of equal valued pieces. Winning, as well as equal captures are subject of [[Quiescence Search|quiescence search]]. Some programs [[Capture Extensions|extend captures]] or [[Recapture Extensions|recaptures]] under certain conditions, i.e. material becomes close to the root score again.
=Capture Generation=
With [[Mailbox|mailbox]] like square centric [[Board Representation|board representations]], capture [[Move Generation|generation]] requires a so called [[Vector Attacks#NewArchitecture|blocker loop]], while [[Bitboards|bitboards]] rely on attack generation and [[General Setwise Operations#Intersection|intersection]] with the set of opponent pieces.
=Six times Take Five=
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Capture
! Best case
! Worst case
|-
| colspan="3" | capturing with the pawn
|-
| pxQ
| winning queen
| pawn for queen
|-
| pxR
| winning rook
| pawn for rook
|-
| pxB
| winning bishop
| pawn for bishop
|-
| pxN
| winning knight
| pawn for knight
|-
| pxP
| winning pawn
| exchanging pawns
|-
| colspan="3" | capturing with the knight
|-
| nxQ
| winning queen
| knight for queen
|-
| nxR
| winning rook
| winning the exchange
|-
| nxB
| winning bishop
| exchanging minors
|-
| nxN
| winning knight
| exchanging minors
|-
| nxP
| winning pawn
| losing knight for pawn
|-
| colspan="3" | capturing with the bishop
|-
| bxQ
| winning queen
| bishop for queen
|-
| bxR
| winning rook
| winning the exchange
|-
| bxB
| winning bishop
| exchanging minors
|-
| bxN
| winning knight
| exchanging minors
|-
| bxP
| winning pawn
| losing bishop for pawn
|-
| colspan="3" | capturing with the rook
|-
| rxQ
| winning queen
| rook for queen
|-
| rxR
| winning rook
| exchanging rooks
|-
| rxB
| winning bishop
| losing exchange
|-
| rxN
| winning knight
| losing exchange
|-
| rxP
| winning pawn
| losing rook for pawn
|-
| colspan="3" | capturing with the queen
|-
| qxQ
| winning queen
| exchanging queens
|-
| qxR
| winning rook
| losing queen for rook
|-
| qxB
| winning bishop
| losing queen for bishop
|-
| qxN
| winning knight
| losing queen for knight
|-
| qxP
| winning pawn
| losing queen for pawn
|-
| colspan="3" | capturing with the king, always winning captures
|-
| kxQ
| winning queen
|
|-
| kxR
| winning rook
|
|-
| kxB
| winning bishop
|
|-
| kxN
| winning knight
|
|-
| kxP
| winning pawn
|
|}
=See also=
* [[Algebraic Chess Notation#Captures|Algebraic Chess Notation - Captures]]
* [[Capture Extensions]]
* [[Capture (program)]] by [[Sylvain Renard]]
* [[Material]]
* [[MVV-LVA]]
* [[Promotions]]
* [[Quiescence Search]]
* [[Recapture Extensions]]
* [[Static Exchange Evaluation]]
* [[Tactical Moves]]
=Forum Posts=
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=275173 a question about the definition of winning capture in Rebel(diagrams)] by [[Uri Blass]], [[CCC]], January 05, 2003
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=40100 Reducing/Pruning Bad Captures (SEE < 0)] by [[Edsel Apostol]], [[CCC]], August 19, 2011 » [[Pruning]], [[Reductions]], [[Static Exchange Evaluation|SEE]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61021 Sorting Captures] by [[David Cimbalista]], [[CCC]], August 03, 2016 » [[Move Ordering]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=65084 Ordering Capture Moves] by [[Jason Fernandez]], [[CCC]], September 06, 2017 » [[Move Ordering#Captures|Move Ordering - Captures]]
=External Links=
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capture Capture (disambiguation) from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dave_Brubeck Dave Brubeck Quartet] - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Take_Five Take Five] ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Desmond Paul Desmond]) [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube YouTube] Video
: {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PHdU5sHigYQ|alignment=left|valignment=top}}
'''[[Moves|Up one Level]]'''
