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Maarten van Emden

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'''[[Main Page|Home]] * [[People]] * Maarten van Emden'''

[[FILE:MaartenvanEmden.jpg|border|right|thumb|link=http://webhome.cs.uvic.ca/%7Evanemden/bio/index.html| Maarten van Emden <ref>[http://webhome.cs.uvic.ca/%7Evanemden/bio/index.html Biographical MHvE]</ref> ]]

'''Maarten H. van Emden''',<br/>
a Dutch mathematician, electrical engineer and computer scientist. He defended his Ph.D. thesis in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_theory Information theory] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_analysis Data analysis] in 1971 at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Amsterdam University of Amsterdam] under [[Mathematician#AvWijngaarden|Adriaan van Wijngaarden]].
He held research positions at the [[IBM]] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Watson_Research_Center T.J. Watson Laboratory] and the [[University of Edinburgh]], before he went to Canada to teach and research in programming at [[University of Waterloo]] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Victoria University of Victoria].
Maarten van Emden is proponent of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declarative_programming declarative] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_programming logical] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constraint_programming constraint programming] [[Languages|language]] [[Prolog]].
He wrote an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advice_taker advice-taking] Prolog program for certain [[Endgame|chess endgames]] <ref>[[Maarten van Emden]] ('''1982'''). ''[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/292104329_CHESS_END-GAME_ADVICE_A_CASE_STUDY_IN_COMPUTER_UTILISATION_OF_KNOWLEDGE Chess End-game Advice: a Case Study in Computer Utilisation of Knowledge]''. [http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~shm/MI/mi10.html Machine Intelligence 10]</ref>.
Along with [[Mathematician#RKowalski|Robert Kowalski]], Van Emden developed the '''fixpoint semantics''' of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horn_clause Horn clauses], which underpin the logical semantics of logic programming <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Kowalski Robert Kowalski from Wikipedia]</ref> <ref>[[Maarten van Emden]], [[Mathematician#RKowalski|Robert Kowalski]] ('''1976'''). ''The Semantics of Predicate Logic as a Programming Language''. [[ACM#Journal|Journal of the ACM]], Vol. 23, No. 4, [http://webhome.cs.uvic.ca/%7Evanemden/Publications/kowVE.pdf pdf]</ref>.
He further researched on [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_verification software verification] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correctness_(computer_science) correctness], and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constraint_satisfaction constraint satisfaction], along with [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interval_arithmetic interval arithmetic] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interval_propagation interval propagation].

=Quotes=
==Maarten van Emden==
<span id="Quotes"></span>From ''I remember [[Donald Michie]]'' <ref>[https://vanemden.wordpress.com/2009/06/12/i-remember-donald-michie-1923-2007/ I remember Donald Michie (1923 – 2007) « A Programmers Place]</ref>:
To accommodate a driven student with his own project requires a supervisor who is not one of those lowly beavers. In the case of [[Jonathan Schaeffer|Schaeffer]] it was [[Mathematician#MGentleman|Morven Gentleman]]. When Gentleman left, the nearly finished Schaeffer was transferred to [[Mathematician#Goebel|Randy Goebel]] and myself. As a result, he is, pro forma, my most famous student. ...

Donald Michie demonstrated the Human Window phenomenon with chess end games. He proposed a form of describing end-game knowledge that he called “advice” and described a formal language, Advice Language One <ref>[[Donald Michie]] ('''1976'''). ''[http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1045272 AL1: a package for generating strategies from tables]''. [[ACM#SIG|ACM SIGART Bulletin]], No. 59</ref> , for expressing such advice. The language could be translated into a form that guided a computer to play the end-game at the level of skill of a chess expert. [[Soei Tan]], [[Ivan Bratko]] and [[Danny Kopec]] were chess experts who used this framework to implement specific end games.

Once again, I did not get it. I could not help acting in my then usual role of Prolog evangelist and wanted to demonstrate that the beauty of Prolog was that it rendered superfluous things like Advice Language One. Accordingly I wrote a Prolog program that played an end game using Advice in DM’s sense <ref>[[Donald Michie]] ('''1976'''). ''An Advice-Taking System for Computer Chess.'' Computer Bulletin, Ser. 2, Vol. 10</ref>. DM generously allowed me my say in a paper in the Tenth Machine Intelligence workshop. It’s a nice paper, but it does not get it.

==Alejandro López-Ortiz==
From ''An Introduction to Computer Chess'' <ref>[https://cs.uwaterloo.ca/~alopez-o/divulge/chimp.html An Introduction to Computer Chess] by [[Alejandro López-Ortiz]], 1993</ref> :
From the team of undergrads who authored [[Ribbit]], [[Ron Hansen]] went on to write his master thesis on computer chess, and eventually Prof. Van Emden became an expert in computer chess and endgames.

=Selected Publications=
<ref>[http://webhome.cs.uvic.ca/%7Evanemden/downloads.html Downloads MHvE]</ref> <ref>[http://ilk.uvt.nl/icga/journal/docs/References.pdf ICGA Reference Database] (pdf)</ref> <ref>[https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hd/e/Emden:M=_H=_van dblp: M. H. van Emden]</ref> <ref>[https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=C2QJcnoAAAAJ&hl=en Maarten van Emden - Google Scholar Citations]</ref>
==1970 ...==
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''1970'''). ''[https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=362753 Increasing the efficiency of quicksort]''. [[ACM#Communications|Communications of the ACM]], Vol. 13, No. 9
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''1970'''). ''[https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=362803 Algorithms 402: Increasing the efficiency of quicksort]''. [[ACM#Communications|Communications of the ACM]], Vol. 13, No. 11
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''1971'''). ''An Analysis of Complexity''. Ph.D. thesis, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Amsterdam University of Amsterdam], advisor [[Mathematician#AvWijngaarden|Adriaan van Wijngaarden]]
* [[Maarten van Emden]], [[Mathematician#RKowalski|Robert Kowalski]] ('''1976'''). ''The Semantics of Predicate Logic as a Programming Language''. [[ACM#Journal|Journal of the ACM]], Vol. 23, No. 4, [http://webhome.cs.uvic.ca/%7Evanemden/Publications/kowVE.pdf pdf]
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''1977'''). ''Computations and Deductive Information Retrieval''. CS-77-16, [[University of Waterloo]], [http://www.cs.uwaterloo.ca/research/tr/1977/CS-77-16.pdf pdf]
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''1977'''). ''Relational Equations, Grammars, and Programs''. CS-77-17, [[University of Waterloo]], [http://www.cs.uwaterloo.ca/research/tr/1977/CS-77-17.pdf pdf]
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''1977'''). ''Programming with resolution logic''. [http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/%7Eshm/MI/mi8.html Machine Intelligence Vol. 8]
==1980 ...==
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''1982'''). ''An Algorithm for Interpreting Prolog Programs''. [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/iclp/iclp82.html ICLP 1982]
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''1982'''). ''[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/292104329_CHESS_END-GAME_ADVICE_A_CASE_STUDY_IN_COMPUTER_UTILISATION_OF_KNOWLEDGE Chess End-game Advice: a Case Study in Computer Utilisation of Knowledge]''. [http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~shm/MI/mi10.html Machine Intelligence 10] <ref>[[#Quotes|Quotes by Maarten van Emden]]</ref>
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''1986'''). ''Quantitative Deduction and its Fixpoint Theory''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_of_Logical_and_Algebraic_Methods_in_Programming Journal of Logic Programming], Vol. 3, No. 1, [http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.16.6346 CiteSeerX]
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''1987'''). ''[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/221442952_First-order_Predicate_Logic_as_a_Common_Basis_for_Relational_and_Functional_Programming_Abstract First-order Predicate Logic as a Common Basis for Relational and Functional Programming]''. [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/lics/lics87.html LICS 1987]
* [[Maarten van Emden]], [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hd/s/Szeredi:P=eacute=ter Péter Szeredi] ('''1988'''). ''[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780934613408500221 Converting AND-Control to OR-Control by Program Transformation]''. [https://www.elsevier.com/books/foundations-of-deductive-databases-and-logic-programming/minker/978-0-934613-40-8 Foundations of Deductive Databases and Logic Programming], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morgan_Kaufmann_Publishers Morgan Kaufmann]
==1990 ...==
* [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hd/c/Cheng:Mantis_H=_M= Mantis H. M. Cheng], [[Maarten van Emden]], [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hd/r/Richards:B=_E= B. E. Richards] ('''1990'''). ''On Warren's Method for Functional Programming in Logic''. [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/iclp/iclp90.html ICLP 1990] <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_H._D._Warren David H. D. Warren] ('''1982'''). ''Higer-order extensions to prolog: are they needed?'' [https://aitopics.org/download/classics:C65CF540 pdf]</ref>
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''1992'''). ''Rhetoric versus Modernism in Computing''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_of_Logic_and_Computation Journal of Logic and Computation], Vol. 2
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''1992'''). ''[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/stvr.4370020304 Structured Inspections of Code]''. [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/stvr/stvr2.html Software Testing, Verification & Reliability, Vol. 2]
* [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hd/c/Cheng:Mantis_H=_M= Mantis H. M. Cheng], [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hd/p/Parker_Jr=:Douglas_Stott Douglas Stott Parker Jr.], [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''1995'''). ''A Method for Implementing Equational Theories as Logic Programs''. [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/iclp/iclp95.html ICLP 1995], [https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/dcb7/7d1e9446a8acaa32b1b151082cc606aa2a96.pdf pdf]
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''1999'''). ''[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1009821007410 Algorithmic Power from Declarative Use of Redundant Constraints]''. [https://link.springer.com/journal/10601 Constraints], Vol. 4, No 4
==2000 ...==
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''2001'''). ''Factored Notation for Interval I/O''. [https://arxiv.org/abs/cs/0102023 arXiv:cs/0102023]
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''2002'''). ''On the Significance of Digits in Interval Notation''. [https://arxiv.org/abs/cs/0201015 arXiv:cs/0201015]
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''2002'''). ''New Developments in Interval Arithmetic and Their Implications for Floating-Point Standardization''. [https://arxiv.org/abs/cs/0210015 arXiv:cs/0210015]
* [[Maarten van Emden]], [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hd/m/Moa:Belaid Belaid Moa] ('''2006'''). ''Computational Euclid''. [https://arxiv.org/abs/cs/0606036 arXiv:cs/0606036]
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''2006'''). ''Set-Theoretic Preliminaries for Computer Scientists''. [https://arxiv.org/abs/cs/0607039 arXiv:cs/0607039]
* [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hd/e/Edmonson:William_W= William W. Edmonson], [[Maarten van Emden|Maarten H. van Emden]] ('''2008'''). ''Interval Semantics for Standard Floating-Point Arithmetic''. [https://arxiv.org/abs/0810.4196 arXiv:0810.4196]
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''2009'''). ''[http://webhome.cs.uvic.ca/%7Evanemden/eop/index.html Elements of Programming]''. Third edition, published by Andromeda Research Associates, ISBN: 978-0-9784993-0-3
==2010 ...==
* [[Maarten van Emden]], [[André Vellino]] ('''2010'''). ''[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/220174495_From_Chinese_Room_to_Human_Window From Chinese Room to Human Window]''. [[ICGA Journal#33_3|ICGA Journal, Vol. 33, No. 3]]
* [[Maarten van Emden]], [[André Vellino]] ('''2011'''). ''Understanding the Human Window''. [[ICGA Journal#34_1|ICGA Journal, Vol. 34, No. 1]] <ref>on [[Jan Eric Larsson]] ('''2011'''). ''Understanding the Turing Test''. [[ICGA Journal#34_1|ICGA Journal, Vol. 34, No. 1]]</ref>
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''2011'''). ''Matrix Code''. [https://arxiv.org/abs/1109.5416 arXiv:1109.5416]
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''2012'''). ''Discovering Algorithms with Matrix Code''. [https://arxiv.org/abs/1203.2296 arXiv:1203.2296]
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''2012'''). ''Programming in logic without Prolog''. [https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.2037 arXiv:1206.2037]
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''2014'''). ''Logic programming beyond Prolog''. [https://arxiv.org/abs/1412.3480 arXiv:1412.3480]
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''2015'''). ''The lambda mechanism in lambda calculus and in other calculi''. [https://arxiv.org/abs/1503.00375 arXiv:1503.00375]
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''2018'''). ''Beyond Structured Programming''. [https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.11673 arXiv:1810.11673]
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''2018'''). ''Correct by construction''. [https://arxiv.org/abs/1812.09411 arXiv:1812.09411]
* [[Maarten van Emden]] ('''2019'''). ''Egyptian multiplication and some of its ramifications''. [https://arxiv.org/abs/1901.10961 arXiv:1901.10961]

=External Links=
* [http://webhome.cs.uvic.ca/%7Evanemden/index.html Homepage Maarten van Emden]
* [https://vanemden.wordpress.com/ A Programmers Place], Essays by Maarten van Emden
** [https://vanemden.wordpress.com/2008/05/06/i-remember-edsger-dijkstra-1930-2002/ I remember Edsger Dijkstra (1930 – 2002)] » [[Mathematician#EWDijkstra|Edsger W. Dijkstra]]
** [https://vanemden.wordpress.com/2009/06/12/i-remember-donald-michie-1923-2007/ I remember Donald Michie (1923 – 2007)] » [[Donald Michie]]
* [https://genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu/id.php?id=66885 Maarten van Emden - The Mathematics Genealogy Project]

=References=
<references />
'''[[Engines|Up one level]]'''
[[Category:Mathematician|Emden]]
[[Category:Researcher|Emden]]

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