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[[FILE:LevyCartoon.JPG|border|right|thumb|220px|link=Cartoons|[[Cartoons|Cartoon]] by Jeff Ragsdale <ref>[http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/full_record.php?iid=doc-434fea055cbb3 King Moves - Welcome to the 1989 AGT World Computer Chess Championship.] Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, Courtesy of [[Peter Jennings]] from [[The Computer History Museum]], available as [http://archive.computerhistory.org/projects/chess/related_materials/text/3-1%20and%203-2%20and%203-3%20and%204-3.1989_WCCC/1989%20WCCC.062302028.sm.pdf pdf reprint]</ref> ]]
In [[Timeline#1968|1968]], [[Donald Michie]], founder of the Department of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence Machine Intelligence] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perception Perception] at the [[University of Edinburgh]], invited Levy, already a strong international chess player and graduated computer scientist, to the Artificial Intelligence (AI) workshop in Edinburgh <ref>[http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/%7Eshm/MI/mi4.html Machine Intelligence Volume 4]</ref> . Levy played a friendly game of chess against [[John McCarthy]], which Levy won. McCarthy remarked that David was able to beat him, but predicted a computer program would beat David within ten years. David then offered the famous [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambling bet], that within that time no chess program would beat him in a tournament match. McCarthy took the bet after consulting Michie <ref>[httphttps://www.computerhistory.org/chess/related_materials/oral-history/levy.oral_history.2005.102645437/index.php?iid=orl-4345632d88ad1 / Oral History of David Levy] from [[The Computer History Museum]]</ref> . The two made a 500 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pound_sterling Pound] bet, which was later more than doubled when Donald Michie, [[Mathematician#SPapert|Seymour Papert]] from [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology|MIT]] and [[Ed Kozdrowicki]] from the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_California,_Davis University of California], joined in the wager <ref>[http://www.chessbase.com/newsdetail.asp?newsid=1372 David Levy on Kasparov vs X3D Fritz], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], December 21, 2003</ref> . David Levy redeemed the bet ten years later, winning a [[Levy versus Chess 1978|match]] against [[Chess (Program)|Chess 4.7]] in Toronto, [[Timeline#1978|1978]] <ref>[http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/full_record.php?iid=stl-42fa88358c200 International Master David Levy ponders next move against CHESS 4.6 running on a CDC Cyber 176 supercomputer in Toronto] from [[The Computer History Museum]]</ref> . He won a second 5 year bet in 1984, [[Advances in Computer Chess 4#LevyCrayBlitz|versus Cray Blitz]], and then offered a price for the first computer chess team beating him. He finally got crashed 0-4 by [[Levy versus Deep Thought 1989|Deep Thought in 1989]] <ref>[http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20151201-the-cyborg-chess-players-that-cant-be-beaten BBC - Future - The cyborg chess players that can’t be beaten] by [http://www.chrisbaraniuk.com/ Chris Baraniuk], December 04, 2015</ref>.
==Did they all pay up?==
===Thompson's Databases===
The discussion on [[Rook Endgame#KRPKR|KRPKR]] at [[ACM 1974]] further inspired [[Ken Thompson]] to work some 10 years on chess endgames and to develop the [[Thompson's Databases]] <ref>[httphttps://www.computerhistory.org/chess/ken_thompson.oral_history_highlight.102645439/index.php?iid=orl-4334446157d96 / Highlights Kenneth Thompson Oral History] March 7, 2005 Video © 2005 [[The Computer History Museum]]</ref> :
The second tournament I was in was in San Diego in about '75, '74. And in that tournament [[David Levy]], who is a famous chess personality, was the tournament director. And after the games we were in the bar talking and he was saying that "computers can't play endgames, even simple endgames and they never will." And he said "I am an expert in the rook and pawn against rook endgame and a computer will never play a rook and pawn against rook endgame." And so, I went to my room that evening and was calculating the numbers and came to the conclusion that this was doable, that you could solve that game, absolutely solve it by a different mechanism, you know, not by normal computer chess but by a different mechanism. You could just have the answer and look it up and make a table of everything you are supposed to do. And I came back the next day and told him about it and he say's "nah, it takes too many plys, you know", and I said "no, it is ply independent, this is a different method", so he say's "ah no" so he just "poo poo'd me" and I got sort of, angry is not the right word but I got, you know, you know, so I went home and I worked probably for about ten years on endgames.
* [http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/html/chess_computers_-_the_uk_story.html Chess Computers - The UK Story] from [http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/index.html Chess Computer UK] by [[Mike Watters]]
* [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Levy,_David David Levy interview] from [http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En Schachcomputer.info - Wiki]
* [httphttps://www.othellocomputerhistory.dkorg/bookchess/index.php/David_Levy David Levy orl- The Othello Wiki Book Project]* [http:4345632d88ad1//www.zxsoftware.co.uk/8bitgamer/?p=31 The Oral History of 8bit Gaming in the UK - Popular Computing Weekly 11-17 Aug 1983]* [http://www.powells.com/blog/?author=178 Author Archive: David Levy] from [http://www.powells.com/blog/ Powell's Blog[The Computer History Museum]]
* [http://www.chessedinburgh.co.uk/chandlerarticle.php?ChandID=197 Chandler Cornered Chess Sci-Fi + Traitors Mate + Blunder Table] covering David Levy by [http://www.chessedinburgh.co.uk/ Chess Edinburgh]
* [http://www.olimpbase.org/players/lx1l9bvp.html Levy, David Neil Lawrence(Scotland) Men's Chess Olympiads]
