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Created page with "'''Home * Software * Windows''' FILE:Windows darkblue 2012 svg.svg|border|right|thumb|Windows Server 2012 Logo <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microso..."
'''[[Main Page|Home]] * [[Software]] * Windows'''
[[FILE:Windows darkblue 2012 svg.svg|border|right|thumb|Windows Server 2012 Logo <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows Microsoft Windows from Wikipedia]</ref> ]]
'''Windows''',<br/>
a series of 32-bit and 64-bit [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system operating systems] by [[Microsoft]] for [[x86]] and [[x86-64]] [[IBM PC|PC's]], as well as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows_CE Windows CE] for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embedded_system embedded systems] and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_operating_system mobile operating system] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Mobile Windows Mobile]. Its development started in the early 80s as a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_user_interface graphical user interface] for 16-bit [[MS-DOS]] operating system, with the ability to perform [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_multitasking#Cooperative_multitasking.2Ftime-sharing cooperative multitasking] while processing an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Event_loop event loop].
=Versions=
{|
|-
| [[FILE:Windows1FileManager1985.jpg|none|border|text-bottom|294px|link=http://www.digibarn.com/collections/software/microsoft/windows10/page_01.htm]]
| [[FILE:Windowa211_286.jpg|none|border|text-bottom|294px|link=http://www.digibarn.com/collections/software/microsoft/windows286/index.html]]
|-
| Windows 1.0, 1985 <ref>[http://www.digibarn.com/collections/software/microsoft/windows10/page_01.htm Microsoft Windows 1.03 and other tools, 1985] from [http://www.digibarn.com/ DigiBarn]</ref>
| Windows/286 2.11, 1987 <ref>[http://www.digibarn.com/collections/software/microsoft/windows286/index.html Microsoft Windows/286 2.11 and other tools] from [http://www.digibarn.com/ DigiBarn]</ref>
|-
| [[FILE:windowsnt40_screenshot.jpg|none|border|text-bottom|294px|link=http://www.operating-system.org/betriebssystem/_german/bs-winnt40.htm]]
| [[FILE:Virtual_Desktops_in_Windows_10.png|none|border|text-bottom|294px|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10]]
|-
| Windows NT 4.0 <ref>[http://www.operating-system.org/betriebssystem/_german/bs-winnt40.htm Windows NT 4.0 Workstation Betriebssystem]</ref>
| Windows 10 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Task_View Task View] <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Task_View Task View from Wikipedia</ref>
|}
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Microsoft_Windows_versions List of Microsoft Windows versions]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_1.0 Windows 1.0]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.0 Windows 2.0]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.0 Windows 3.0]
* <span id="95"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95 Windows 95]
* <span id="NT"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT Windows NT]
* <span id="2000"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2000 Windows 2000]
* <span id="XP"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XP Windows XP]
* <span id="Vista"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Vista Windows Vista]
* <span id="CE"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows_CE Windows CE]
* <span id="Mobile"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Mobile Windows Mobile]
* <span id="7"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_7 Windows 7]
* <span id="Phone7"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Phone_7 Windows Phone 7]
* <span id="8"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_8 Windows 8]
* <span id="Phone8"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Phone_8 Windows Phone 8]
* <span id="10"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10 Windows 10]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10_Mobile Windows 10 Mobile]
=Chess Engines=
Most current [[Engines|chess engines]] are suited to run under Windows, a few with its own proprietary [[GUI|user interface]], but most common as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Console_application console application] and [[Process|child process]] of an external [[GUI|chess GUI]] communicating via [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redirection_%28computing%29 redirected] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_streams standard streams] <ref>[http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms682499%28VS.85%29.aspx Creating a Child Process with Redirected Input and Output, MSDN]</ref> using protocols like the [[Chess Engine Communication Protocol]] (WinBoard) and/or the [[UCI|Universal Chess Interface]] (UCI).
=Windows Chess GUIs=
{|
|-
| [[FILE:arena320.jpg|none|border|text-bottom|294px|link=http://www.playwitharena.com/]]
| [[FILE:CPsshot2.png|none|border|text-bottom|294px|link=http://sjeng.org/deepsjeng.html]]
|-
| [[Arena]] <ref>[http://www.playwitharena.com/ Free chess graphical user interface (GUI) Arena for chess engines]</ref>
| [[Deep Sjeng]] under [[ChessPartner]] <ref>[http://sjeng.org/deepsjeng.html Sjeng - chess, audio and misc. software]</ref>
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| [[FILE:DeepFritz14d_1.jpg|none|border|text-bottom|294px|link=http://shop.chessbase.com/en/products/deep_fritz_14_english]]
| [[FILE:DeepRybkaInAqurium7.png|none|border|text-bottom|294px|link=http://chessok.com/shop/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=7_1&products_id=344]]
|-
| [[Fritz#FritzGUI|Deep Fritz 14 GUI]] <ref>[http://shop.chessbase.com/en/products/deep_fritz_14_english Deep Fritz 14] from [[ChessBase]]</ref>
| [[Rybka|Deep Rybka 4]] [[Aquarium]] <ref>[http://chessok.com/shop/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=7_1&products_id=344 ChessOK, Chess Shop from the Developers of Rybka 3 Aquarium]</ref>
|}
* [[Aquarium]]
* [[Arena]]
* [[Chess Academy]]
* [[ChessGUI]]
* [[ChessPartner|ChessPartner GUI]]
* [[ChessX]]
* [[Cute Chess]]
* [[Fritz#FritzGUI|Fritz GUI]]
* [[Hiarcs Chess Explorer]]
* [[Mayura Chess Board]]
* [[WinBoard]]
* [[Shredder|Shredder GUI]]
* [[Scid vs. PC]]
=Applications=
==Major==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer Internet Explorer]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Edge Microsoft Edge]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Outlook Microsoft Outlook]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Exchange_Server Microsoft Exchange Server]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Office Microsoft Office]
: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word Microsoft Word]
: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Excel Microsoft Excel]
: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_PowerPoint Microsoft PowerPoint]
==Accessories==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cmd.exe Command Prompt]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Win32_console Win32 console]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Explorer Windows Explorer]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notepad_%28Windows%29 Notepad]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notepad%2B%2B Notepad++]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wordpad Wordpad]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculator_%28Windows%29 Calculator]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paint_%28software%29 Paint]
==Entertainment==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Entertainment_Pack Microsoft Entertainment Pack]
: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Mahjong Taipei] by [[David Norris]]
: [[Ziggurat]] by [[David Norris]]
==Remote Desktop==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote_Desktop_Protocol Remote Desktop Protocol]
: [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb892075%28v=VS.85%29.aspx Remote Desktop Services, MSDN]
=Development=
Covers [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_development_environment integrated development environments] (IDE), [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_development_kit Software development kit] (SDK), [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_programming_interface Application programming interface] (API), programming languages, compiler and tools.
==IDE==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Visual_Studio Microsoft Visual Studio from Wikipedia]
: [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd831853%28v=VS.100%29.aspx Visual Studio 2010, MSDN]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eclipse_%28software%29 Eclipse from Wikipedia]
: [http://www.eclipse.org/ Eclipse.org home]
==Frameworks==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.NET_Framework .NET Framework from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_the_Java_and_.NET_platforms Comparison of the Java and .NET platforms from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Language_Runtime Common Language Runtime from Wikipedia]
: [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ddk909ch.aspx Common Language Runtime Overview, MSDN]
: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Communication_Foundation Windows Communication Foundation from Wikipedia]
==Subsystems==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_DOS_machine Virtual DOS machine from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_on_Windows Windows on Windows from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WOW64 WOW64 from Wikipedia]
==SDK==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows_SDK Microsoft Windows SDK from Wikipedia]
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/default.aspx MSDN: Microsoft Development]
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms632593%28v=VS.85%29.aspx Windows Development, MSDN]
==API==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_API Windows API from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Runtime Windows Runtime from Wikipedia]
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms632586%28v=VS.85%29.aspx Windowing, MSDN]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Windows_Platform Universal Windows Platform from Wikipedia]
===Input and Output===
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms632585%28v=VS.85%29.aspx User Input, MSDN]
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd162759%28v=VS.85%29.aspx Painting and Drawing, MSDN]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DirectX DirectX]
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa364407%28v=VS.85%29.aspx File Management, MSDN]
===[[Memory]]===
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa366779%28v=VS.85%29.aspx Memory Management, MSDN]
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee175819%28v=VS.85%29.aspx Enumerating a Heap, MSDN]
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa965223%28v=VS.85%29.aspx Allocating Memory from a NUMA Node, MSDN] » [[NUMA]]
* [https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa363804(v=vs.85).aspx NUMA Support (Windows), MSDN]
* [http://www.codeproject.com/KB/threads/Memory.aspx Windows Memory Management - CodeProject]
* [http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/memory-limits-applications-windows/ Memory Limits for Applications on Windows] by [http://software.intel.com/en-us/user/512685 Steve Lionel] ([[Intel]]), May 16, 2011
===Interprocess Communications===
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms684841%28v=VS.85%29.aspx Processes and Threads, MSDN]
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa365574%28v=VS.85%29.aspx Interprocess Communications, MSDN]
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms682499%28VS.85%29.aspx Creating a Child Process with Redirected Input and Output, MSDN]
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa365780%28v=VS.85%29.aspx Pipes, MSDN]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Data_Exchange Dynamic Data Exchange] (DDE)
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_Linking_and_Embedding Object Linking and Embedding] (OLE)
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Component_Object_Model Component Object Model] (COM)
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ActiveX ActiveX]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_Component_Object_Model Distributed Component Object Model] (DCOM)
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Object_Request_Broker_Architecture Common Object Request Broker Architecture] (CORBA)
* [http://download.microsoft.com/download/5/b/3/5b38800c-ba6e-4023-9078-6e9ce2383e65/c06x1116607.pdf Processes, Threads, and Jobs] (pdf) from [http://www.microsoft.com/learning/en/us/book.aspx?ID=6710&locale=en-us Microsoft® Windows® Internals, Fourth Edition: Windows 2000, Windows XP, and Windows Server 2003] by [http://www.solsem.com/ David Solomon] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Russinovich Mark Russinovich]
===Dynamic Linking===
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic-link_library Dynamic-link library from Wikipedia]
: [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms682589%28VS.85%29.aspx Dynamic-Link Libraries, MSDN]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DLL_hell DLL hell from Wikipedia]
: [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms811694.aspx The End of DLL Hell, MSDN]
==C==
[[C]] programmers were faced with some new paradigms from early 16-bit [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_API Windows API], not to mention the fact that a lot of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_standard_library C standard library] functions were hard and error-prone to use, or even taboo <ref>[http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa366881%28VS.85%29.aspx Standard C Library Functions] from [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/default.aspx MSDN: Microsoft Development]</ref> . [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Petzold Charles Petzold]: "The original [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hello_world_program hello world program] in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows_SDK Windows 1.0 SDK] was a bit of a scandal. HELLO.C was about 150 lines long, and the HELLO.RC resource script had another 20 or so more lines". (...) Veteran C programmers often curled up in horror or laughter when encountering the Windows hello-world program." <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_API#History Windows API from Wikipedia - History]</ref> .
===WinMain and the Message loop===
Windows programs are [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Event-driven_programming event-driven], have no usual main, but [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms633559%28VS.85%29.aspx WinMain] to enter a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Event_loop event loop] <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_loop_in_Microsoft_Windows Message loop in Microsoft Windows]</ref> , where [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms644934%28VS.85%29.aspx DispatchMessage] transfers [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms644958%28VS.85%29.aspx messages] to a [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms632593%28v=VS.85%29.aspx callback procedure] [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms633570%28v=VS.85%29.aspx#associating_proc associated] with the [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa931018.aspx window] the message refers to, i.e. for keyboard events one window which owns the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focus_%28computing%29 keyboard focus]. To make Windows applications work flawlessly, keeping its windows up to date, that is processing [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd145213%28v=vs.85%29.aspx paint messages], the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I/O_bound I/O bound] [[GUI]] [[Thread|thread]] needs to be run in the message loop, to react on messages best within 20 ms. In early 16-bit Windows, DispatchMessage implemented [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_multitasking#Cooperative_multitasking.2Ftime-sharing cooperative multitasking] - but one application being uncooperative could made the whole system hang.
<pre>
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
WNDCLASS wc;
MSG msg;
...
wc.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC) MyWndProc; // associate a Window procedure for this "class" of windows
if (!RegisterClass(&wc)) // register window class
return FALSE;
hwnd = CreateWindow(...);
ShowWindow(hwnd, SW_SHOW);
while(GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0) > 0)
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
return msg.wParam;
}
</pre>
===Window Procedure===
The callback or [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms632593%28v=VS.85%29.aspx Window procedure] is called from the above message loop.
<pre>
LRESULT CALLBACK MyWndProc(
HWND hwnd, // handle to window
UINT uMsg, // message identifier
WPARAM wParam, // first message parameter
LPARAM lParam) // second message parameter
{
PAINTSTRUCT ps;
HDC hdc;
switch (uMsg)
{
case WM_CREATE: // Initialize the window
return 0;
case WM_PAINT:
hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps);
TextOut(hdc, 0, 0, "Hello, Windows!", 15);
EndPaint(hwnd, &ps);
return 0;
case WM_DESTROY: // Clean up window-specific data objects
return 0;
case WM_CHAR: // Process Keyboard character events
return 0;
case WM_MOUSEMOVE: // Process mouse move events
return 0;
// Process other messages
default:
return DefWindowProc(hwnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
}
return 0;
}
</pre>
===Standard C Library===
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_standard_library C standard library from Wikipedia]
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa366881%28VS.85%29.aspx Standard C Library Functions, MSDN]
* [http://support.microsoft.com/kb/11988/en-us?fr=1 Windows File I/O vs. C Run-time File I/O, MS Support]
==C++==
Microsoft's proprietary [[Cpp|C++]] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Foundation_Class_Library Foundation Classes] wrapped the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handle_%28computing%29 handle] based Windows API and hides much of its complexity. Still one of the early class libs, it has a lot of ugly [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macro_%28computer_science%29 macros], i.e. for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_Maps message maps]. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borland Borland's] counter part was the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_Windows_Library Object Windows Library].
===Command-Line Applications===
Applies for most [[UCI]] and/or [[Chess Engine Communication Protocol]] ([[WinBoard]]) compatible [[Engines|chess engines]], relying on an external [[GUI]].
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb384834.aspx Creating Command-Line Applications (C++), MSDN]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Managed_Extensions_for_C%2B%2B Managed Extensions for C++ from Wikipedia] now deprecated
===Class Libs===
* <span id="Forms"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Forms Windows Forms from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Foundation_Class_Library Microsoft Foundation Classes from Wikipedia]
: [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/d06h2x6e%28VS.80%29.aspx MFC Reference, MSDN]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_Component_Library Visual Component Library from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_Windows_Library Object Windows Library from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interix Interix from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qt_(software) Qt (software) from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost_(C%2B%2B_libraries) Boost (C++ libraries) from Wikipedia]
===Compiler===
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_C%2B%2B Visual C++ from Wikipedia]
: [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/visualc/default.aspx Visual C++ Tutorials, Library, and More on MSDN]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MinGW MinGW from Wikipedia], port of the [[Free Software Foundation#GCC|GNU Compiler Collection]] (GCC)
: [http://www.mingw.org/ MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cygwin Cygwin from Wikipedia], [[Unix]]-like environment and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Command-line_interface command-line interface]
: [http://www.cygwin.com/ Cygwin Information and Installation]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_C%2B%2B_Compiler Intel C++ Compiler from Wikipedia]
: [http://software.intel.com/en-us/intel-compilers/ Intel® Compilers]
: [http://software.intel.com/sites/products/documentation/hpc/compilerpro/en-us/cpp/win/compiler_c/index.htm Intel(R) C++ Compiler User and Reference Guides] covers Intrinsics » [[x86]], [[x86-64]], [[MMX]], [[SSE2]], [[SSSE3]], [[SSE4]], [[AVX]]
===Calling Conventions===
[http://www.agner.org/ Agner Fog] describes [[x86]] and [[x86-64]] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calling_convention calling conventions] for different C++ compilers and operating systems, covering 32-bit and 64-bit Windows <ref>[http://www.agner.org/optimize/calling_conventions.pdf Calling conventions for different C++ compilers and operating systems] (pdf) by [http://www.agner.org/ Agner Fog]</ref> :
The document contains details about data representation, function calling conventions, register usage conventions, name mangling schemes, etc. for many different C++ compilers and operating systems. Discusses compatibilities and incompatibilities between different C++ compilers. Includes information that is not covered by the official [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_binary_interface Application Binary Interface] standards (ABI's). The information provided here is based on my own research and therefore descriptive rather than normative. Intended as a source of reference for programmers who want to make function libraries compatible with multiple compilers or operating systems and for makers of compilers and other development tools who want their tools to be compatible with existing tools.
==Other Languages==
* [[C sharp|C#]]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_Basic Visual Basic from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delphi_programming_language Embarcadero Delphi from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_Fortran_Compiler Intel Fortran Compiler from Wikipedia]
* [[Java]]
=See also=
* [[Linux]]
* [[Mac OS]]
* [[MS-DOS]]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OS/2 OS/2 from Wikipedia]
* [[Unix]]
=Publications=
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Russinovich Mark Russinovich] and [http://www.solsem.com/ David Solomon] with [http://www.alex-ionescu.com/ Alex Ionescu] ('''2009'''). ''[http://www.microsoft.com/learning/en/us/book.aspx?ID=12069&locale=en-us Microsoft Windows Internals, Fifth Edition]''.
=Forum Posts=
==1995 ...==
* [https://groups.google.com/d/msg/rec.games.chess.computer/Taxgk4l-S90/ggkiWEVavYsJ hash mem in win-chess progs] by [[Adrian Millett|Pc Sol]], [[Computer Chess Forums|rgcc]], September 28, 1995 » [[Transposition Table]]
* [http://groups.google.com/group/alt.chess.ics/browse_frm/thread/ce35d86e9dfde6ae Win32 based "professional" chess software] by Chris Smith, [[Computer Chess Forums|rgcc]], June 17, 1997
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=79963 What will be the position of Windows in 3, 4 years in the future?] by [[Leonid Liberman|Leonid]], [[CCC]], November 29, 1999
==2000 ...==
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=367073 Re: Stormx is this a Crafty Clone??] by [[Sean Empey]], [[CCC]], May 25, 2004 » [[Process]], [[Thread]]
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=389667 Kiwi for Win98 and input-reading stuff] by [[Alessandro Scotti]], [[CCC]], September 29, 2004 » [[Kiwi]], [[Cpp|C++]], [[Thread]]
==2010 ...==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=38441 MSVC calloc question] by [[Harm Geert Muller]], [[CCC]], March 17, 2011
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=41908 Windows GCC Development] by [[Joshua Shriver]], [[CCC]], January 10, 2012
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=43864 microsecond-accurate timing on Windows] by [[Martin Sedlak]], [[CCC]], May 28, 2012
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=48481 Windows 8.1 and Visual Studio 2013 preview] by [[Jose Maria Velasco|Jose Mº Velasco]], [[CCC]], June 30, 2013
==2015 ...==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=57236 Windows 10 Experience] by [[Fernando Villegas]], [[CCC]], August 10, 2015
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=58587 OT: Full Removal of Windows 10] by Terry McCracken, [[CCC]], December 13, 2015
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61435 Weird Windows / WinBoard behavior] by [[Harm Geert Muller]], [[CCC]], September 15, 2016 » [[Process]], [[WinBoard]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61793 Help needed for porting to Windows] by [[Evert Glebbeek]], [[CCC]], October 22, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=62315 MinGW AlphaBlend] by [[Harm Geert Muller]], [[CCC]], November 29, 2016 » [[2D Graphics Board]], [[WinBoard]] <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MinGW MinGW from Wikipedia]</ref>
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=63568 Importance of Windows XP support] by [[Evert Glebbeek]], [[CCC]], March 27, 2017
=Further Links=
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows Microsoft Windows from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wintel Wintel from Wikipedia] » [[Intel]]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine_%28software%29 Wine (software) from Wikipedia]
* [http://blogs.msdn.com/e7/archive/2008/10/13/windows-desktop-search.aspx Engineering Windows 7 - Windows Desktop Search] by [[Chris McConnell]], October 13, 2008
=References=
<references />
'''[[Software|Up one Level]]'''
[[FILE:Windows darkblue 2012 svg.svg|border|right|thumb|Windows Server 2012 Logo <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows Microsoft Windows from Wikipedia]</ref> ]]
'''Windows''',<br/>
a series of 32-bit and 64-bit [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system operating systems] by [[Microsoft]] for [[x86]] and [[x86-64]] [[IBM PC|PC's]], as well as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows_CE Windows CE] for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embedded_system embedded systems] and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_operating_system mobile operating system] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Mobile Windows Mobile]. Its development started in the early 80s as a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphical_user_interface graphical user interface] for 16-bit [[MS-DOS]] operating system, with the ability to perform [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_multitasking#Cooperative_multitasking.2Ftime-sharing cooperative multitasking] while processing an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Event_loop event loop].
=Versions=
{|
|-
| [[FILE:Windows1FileManager1985.jpg|none|border|text-bottom|294px|link=http://www.digibarn.com/collections/software/microsoft/windows10/page_01.htm]]
| [[FILE:Windowa211_286.jpg|none|border|text-bottom|294px|link=http://www.digibarn.com/collections/software/microsoft/windows286/index.html]]
|-
| Windows 1.0, 1985 <ref>[http://www.digibarn.com/collections/software/microsoft/windows10/page_01.htm Microsoft Windows 1.03 and other tools, 1985] from [http://www.digibarn.com/ DigiBarn]</ref>
| Windows/286 2.11, 1987 <ref>[http://www.digibarn.com/collections/software/microsoft/windows286/index.html Microsoft Windows/286 2.11 and other tools] from [http://www.digibarn.com/ DigiBarn]</ref>
|-
| [[FILE:windowsnt40_screenshot.jpg|none|border|text-bottom|294px|link=http://www.operating-system.org/betriebssystem/_german/bs-winnt40.htm]]
| [[FILE:Virtual_Desktops_in_Windows_10.png|none|border|text-bottom|294px|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10]]
|-
| Windows NT 4.0 <ref>[http://www.operating-system.org/betriebssystem/_german/bs-winnt40.htm Windows NT 4.0 Workstation Betriebssystem]</ref>
| Windows 10 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Task_View Task View] <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Task_View Task View from Wikipedia</ref>
|}
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Microsoft_Windows_versions List of Microsoft Windows versions]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_1.0 Windows 1.0]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.0 Windows 2.0]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.0 Windows 3.0]
* <span id="95"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95 Windows 95]
* <span id="NT"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT Windows NT]
* <span id="2000"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2000 Windows 2000]
* <span id="XP"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XP Windows XP]
* <span id="Vista"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Vista Windows Vista]
* <span id="CE"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows_CE Windows CE]
* <span id="Mobile"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Mobile Windows Mobile]
* <span id="7"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_7 Windows 7]
* <span id="Phone7"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Phone_7 Windows Phone 7]
* <span id="8"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_8 Windows 8]
* <span id="Phone8"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Phone_8 Windows Phone 8]
* <span id="10"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10 Windows 10]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10_Mobile Windows 10 Mobile]
=Chess Engines=
Most current [[Engines|chess engines]] are suited to run under Windows, a few with its own proprietary [[GUI|user interface]], but most common as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Console_application console application] and [[Process|child process]] of an external [[GUI|chess GUI]] communicating via [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redirection_%28computing%29 redirected] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_streams standard streams] <ref>[http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms682499%28VS.85%29.aspx Creating a Child Process with Redirected Input and Output, MSDN]</ref> using protocols like the [[Chess Engine Communication Protocol]] (WinBoard) and/or the [[UCI|Universal Chess Interface]] (UCI).
=Windows Chess GUIs=
{|
|-
| [[FILE:arena320.jpg|none|border|text-bottom|294px|link=http://www.playwitharena.com/]]
| [[FILE:CPsshot2.png|none|border|text-bottom|294px|link=http://sjeng.org/deepsjeng.html]]
|-
| [[Arena]] <ref>[http://www.playwitharena.com/ Free chess graphical user interface (GUI) Arena for chess engines]</ref>
| [[Deep Sjeng]] under [[ChessPartner]] <ref>[http://sjeng.org/deepsjeng.html Sjeng - chess, audio and misc. software]</ref>
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| [[FILE:DeepFritz14d_1.jpg|none|border|text-bottom|294px|link=http://shop.chessbase.com/en/products/deep_fritz_14_english]]
| [[FILE:DeepRybkaInAqurium7.png|none|border|text-bottom|294px|link=http://chessok.com/shop/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=7_1&products_id=344]]
|-
| [[Fritz#FritzGUI|Deep Fritz 14 GUI]] <ref>[http://shop.chessbase.com/en/products/deep_fritz_14_english Deep Fritz 14] from [[ChessBase]]</ref>
| [[Rybka|Deep Rybka 4]] [[Aquarium]] <ref>[http://chessok.com/shop/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=7_1&products_id=344 ChessOK, Chess Shop from the Developers of Rybka 3 Aquarium]</ref>
|}
* [[Aquarium]]
* [[Arena]]
* [[Chess Academy]]
* [[ChessGUI]]
* [[ChessPartner|ChessPartner GUI]]
* [[ChessX]]
* [[Cute Chess]]
* [[Fritz#FritzGUI|Fritz GUI]]
* [[Hiarcs Chess Explorer]]
* [[Mayura Chess Board]]
* [[WinBoard]]
* [[Shredder|Shredder GUI]]
* [[Scid vs. PC]]
=Applications=
==Major==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer Internet Explorer]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Edge Microsoft Edge]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Outlook Microsoft Outlook]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Exchange_Server Microsoft Exchange Server]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Office Microsoft Office]
: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word Microsoft Word]
: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Excel Microsoft Excel]
: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_PowerPoint Microsoft PowerPoint]
==Accessories==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cmd.exe Command Prompt]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Win32_console Win32 console]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Explorer Windows Explorer]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notepad_%28Windows%29 Notepad]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notepad%2B%2B Notepad++]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wordpad Wordpad]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculator_%28Windows%29 Calculator]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paint_%28software%29 Paint]
==Entertainment==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Entertainment_Pack Microsoft Entertainment Pack]
: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Mahjong Taipei] by [[David Norris]]
: [[Ziggurat]] by [[David Norris]]
==Remote Desktop==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote_Desktop_Protocol Remote Desktop Protocol]
: [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb892075%28v=VS.85%29.aspx Remote Desktop Services, MSDN]
=Development=
Covers [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_development_environment integrated development environments] (IDE), [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_development_kit Software development kit] (SDK), [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_programming_interface Application programming interface] (API), programming languages, compiler and tools.
==IDE==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Visual_Studio Microsoft Visual Studio from Wikipedia]
: [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd831853%28v=VS.100%29.aspx Visual Studio 2010, MSDN]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eclipse_%28software%29 Eclipse from Wikipedia]
: [http://www.eclipse.org/ Eclipse.org home]
==Frameworks==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.NET_Framework .NET Framework from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_the_Java_and_.NET_platforms Comparison of the Java and .NET platforms from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Language_Runtime Common Language Runtime from Wikipedia]
: [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ddk909ch.aspx Common Language Runtime Overview, MSDN]
: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Communication_Foundation Windows Communication Foundation from Wikipedia]
==Subsystems==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_DOS_machine Virtual DOS machine from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_on_Windows Windows on Windows from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WOW64 WOW64 from Wikipedia]
==SDK==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows_SDK Microsoft Windows SDK from Wikipedia]
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/default.aspx MSDN: Microsoft Development]
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms632593%28v=VS.85%29.aspx Windows Development, MSDN]
==API==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_API Windows API from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Runtime Windows Runtime from Wikipedia]
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms632586%28v=VS.85%29.aspx Windowing, MSDN]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Windows_Platform Universal Windows Platform from Wikipedia]
===Input and Output===
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms632585%28v=VS.85%29.aspx User Input, MSDN]
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd162759%28v=VS.85%29.aspx Painting and Drawing, MSDN]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DirectX DirectX]
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa364407%28v=VS.85%29.aspx File Management, MSDN]
===[[Memory]]===
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa366779%28v=VS.85%29.aspx Memory Management, MSDN]
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee175819%28v=VS.85%29.aspx Enumerating a Heap, MSDN]
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa965223%28v=VS.85%29.aspx Allocating Memory from a NUMA Node, MSDN] » [[NUMA]]
* [https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa363804(v=vs.85).aspx NUMA Support (Windows), MSDN]
* [http://www.codeproject.com/KB/threads/Memory.aspx Windows Memory Management - CodeProject]
* [http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/memory-limits-applications-windows/ Memory Limits for Applications on Windows] by [http://software.intel.com/en-us/user/512685 Steve Lionel] ([[Intel]]), May 16, 2011
===Interprocess Communications===
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms684841%28v=VS.85%29.aspx Processes and Threads, MSDN]
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa365574%28v=VS.85%29.aspx Interprocess Communications, MSDN]
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms682499%28VS.85%29.aspx Creating a Child Process with Redirected Input and Output, MSDN]
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa365780%28v=VS.85%29.aspx Pipes, MSDN]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Data_Exchange Dynamic Data Exchange] (DDE)
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_Linking_and_Embedding Object Linking and Embedding] (OLE)
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Component_Object_Model Component Object Model] (COM)
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ActiveX ActiveX]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_Component_Object_Model Distributed Component Object Model] (DCOM)
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Object_Request_Broker_Architecture Common Object Request Broker Architecture] (CORBA)
* [http://download.microsoft.com/download/5/b/3/5b38800c-ba6e-4023-9078-6e9ce2383e65/c06x1116607.pdf Processes, Threads, and Jobs] (pdf) from [http://www.microsoft.com/learning/en/us/book.aspx?ID=6710&locale=en-us Microsoft® Windows® Internals, Fourth Edition: Windows 2000, Windows XP, and Windows Server 2003] by [http://www.solsem.com/ David Solomon] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Russinovich Mark Russinovich]
===Dynamic Linking===
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic-link_library Dynamic-link library from Wikipedia]
: [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms682589%28VS.85%29.aspx Dynamic-Link Libraries, MSDN]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DLL_hell DLL hell from Wikipedia]
: [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms811694.aspx The End of DLL Hell, MSDN]
==C==
[[C]] programmers were faced with some new paradigms from early 16-bit [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_API Windows API], not to mention the fact that a lot of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_standard_library C standard library] functions were hard and error-prone to use, or even taboo <ref>[http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa366881%28VS.85%29.aspx Standard C Library Functions] from [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/default.aspx MSDN: Microsoft Development]</ref> . [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Petzold Charles Petzold]: "The original [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hello_world_program hello world program] in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows_SDK Windows 1.0 SDK] was a bit of a scandal. HELLO.C was about 150 lines long, and the HELLO.RC resource script had another 20 or so more lines". (...) Veteran C programmers often curled up in horror or laughter when encountering the Windows hello-world program." <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_API#History Windows API from Wikipedia - History]</ref> .
===WinMain and the Message loop===
Windows programs are [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Event-driven_programming event-driven], have no usual main, but [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms633559%28VS.85%29.aspx WinMain] to enter a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Event_loop event loop] <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_loop_in_Microsoft_Windows Message loop in Microsoft Windows]</ref> , where [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms644934%28VS.85%29.aspx DispatchMessage] transfers [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms644958%28VS.85%29.aspx messages] to a [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms632593%28v=VS.85%29.aspx callback procedure] [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms633570%28v=VS.85%29.aspx#associating_proc associated] with the [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa931018.aspx window] the message refers to, i.e. for keyboard events one window which owns the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focus_%28computing%29 keyboard focus]. To make Windows applications work flawlessly, keeping its windows up to date, that is processing [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd145213%28v=vs.85%29.aspx paint messages], the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I/O_bound I/O bound] [[GUI]] [[Thread|thread]] needs to be run in the message loop, to react on messages best within 20 ms. In early 16-bit Windows, DispatchMessage implemented [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_multitasking#Cooperative_multitasking.2Ftime-sharing cooperative multitasking] - but one application being uncooperative could made the whole system hang.
<pre>
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
WNDCLASS wc;
MSG msg;
...
wc.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC) MyWndProc; // associate a Window procedure for this "class" of windows
if (!RegisterClass(&wc)) // register window class
return FALSE;
hwnd = CreateWindow(...);
ShowWindow(hwnd, SW_SHOW);
while(GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0) > 0)
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
return msg.wParam;
}
</pre>
===Window Procedure===
The callback or [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms632593%28v=VS.85%29.aspx Window procedure] is called from the above message loop.
<pre>
LRESULT CALLBACK MyWndProc(
HWND hwnd, // handle to window
UINT uMsg, // message identifier
WPARAM wParam, // first message parameter
LPARAM lParam) // second message parameter
{
PAINTSTRUCT ps;
HDC hdc;
switch (uMsg)
{
case WM_CREATE: // Initialize the window
return 0;
case WM_PAINT:
hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps);
TextOut(hdc, 0, 0, "Hello, Windows!", 15);
EndPaint(hwnd, &ps);
return 0;
case WM_DESTROY: // Clean up window-specific data objects
return 0;
case WM_CHAR: // Process Keyboard character events
return 0;
case WM_MOUSEMOVE: // Process mouse move events
return 0;
// Process other messages
default:
return DefWindowProc(hwnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
}
return 0;
}
</pre>
===Standard C Library===
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_standard_library C standard library from Wikipedia]
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa366881%28VS.85%29.aspx Standard C Library Functions, MSDN]
* [http://support.microsoft.com/kb/11988/en-us?fr=1 Windows File I/O vs. C Run-time File I/O, MS Support]
==C++==
Microsoft's proprietary [[Cpp|C++]] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Foundation_Class_Library Foundation Classes] wrapped the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handle_%28computing%29 handle] based Windows API and hides much of its complexity. Still one of the early class libs, it has a lot of ugly [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macro_%28computer_science%29 macros], i.e. for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_Maps message maps]. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borland Borland's] counter part was the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_Windows_Library Object Windows Library].
===Command-Line Applications===
Applies for most [[UCI]] and/or [[Chess Engine Communication Protocol]] ([[WinBoard]]) compatible [[Engines|chess engines]], relying on an external [[GUI]].
* [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb384834.aspx Creating Command-Line Applications (C++), MSDN]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Managed_Extensions_for_C%2B%2B Managed Extensions for C++ from Wikipedia] now deprecated
===Class Libs===
* <span id="Forms"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Forms Windows Forms from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Foundation_Class_Library Microsoft Foundation Classes from Wikipedia]
: [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/d06h2x6e%28VS.80%29.aspx MFC Reference, MSDN]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_Component_Library Visual Component Library from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_Windows_Library Object Windows Library from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interix Interix from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qt_(software) Qt (software) from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost_(C%2B%2B_libraries) Boost (C++ libraries) from Wikipedia]
===Compiler===
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_C%2B%2B Visual C++ from Wikipedia]
: [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/visualc/default.aspx Visual C++ Tutorials, Library, and More on MSDN]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MinGW MinGW from Wikipedia], port of the [[Free Software Foundation#GCC|GNU Compiler Collection]] (GCC)
: [http://www.mingw.org/ MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cygwin Cygwin from Wikipedia], [[Unix]]-like environment and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Command-line_interface command-line interface]
: [http://www.cygwin.com/ Cygwin Information and Installation]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_C%2B%2B_Compiler Intel C++ Compiler from Wikipedia]
: [http://software.intel.com/en-us/intel-compilers/ Intel® Compilers]
: [http://software.intel.com/sites/products/documentation/hpc/compilerpro/en-us/cpp/win/compiler_c/index.htm Intel(R) C++ Compiler User and Reference Guides] covers Intrinsics » [[x86]], [[x86-64]], [[MMX]], [[SSE2]], [[SSSE3]], [[SSE4]], [[AVX]]
===Calling Conventions===
[http://www.agner.org/ Agner Fog] describes [[x86]] and [[x86-64]] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calling_convention calling conventions] for different C++ compilers and operating systems, covering 32-bit and 64-bit Windows <ref>[http://www.agner.org/optimize/calling_conventions.pdf Calling conventions for different C++ compilers and operating systems] (pdf) by [http://www.agner.org/ Agner Fog]</ref> :
The document contains details about data representation, function calling conventions, register usage conventions, name mangling schemes, etc. for many different C++ compilers and operating systems. Discusses compatibilities and incompatibilities between different C++ compilers. Includes information that is not covered by the official [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_binary_interface Application Binary Interface] standards (ABI's). The information provided here is based on my own research and therefore descriptive rather than normative. Intended as a source of reference for programmers who want to make function libraries compatible with multiple compilers or operating systems and for makers of compilers and other development tools who want their tools to be compatible with existing tools.
==Other Languages==
* [[C sharp|C#]]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_Basic Visual Basic from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delphi_programming_language Embarcadero Delphi from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_Fortran_Compiler Intel Fortran Compiler from Wikipedia]
* [[Java]]
=See also=
* [[Linux]]
* [[Mac OS]]
* [[MS-DOS]]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OS/2 OS/2 from Wikipedia]
* [[Unix]]
=Publications=
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Russinovich Mark Russinovich] and [http://www.solsem.com/ David Solomon] with [http://www.alex-ionescu.com/ Alex Ionescu] ('''2009'''). ''[http://www.microsoft.com/learning/en/us/book.aspx?ID=12069&locale=en-us Microsoft Windows Internals, Fifth Edition]''.
=Forum Posts=
==1995 ...==
* [https://groups.google.com/d/msg/rec.games.chess.computer/Taxgk4l-S90/ggkiWEVavYsJ hash mem in win-chess progs] by [[Adrian Millett|Pc Sol]], [[Computer Chess Forums|rgcc]], September 28, 1995 » [[Transposition Table]]
* [http://groups.google.com/group/alt.chess.ics/browse_frm/thread/ce35d86e9dfde6ae Win32 based "professional" chess software] by Chris Smith, [[Computer Chess Forums|rgcc]], June 17, 1997
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=79963 What will be the position of Windows in 3, 4 years in the future?] by [[Leonid Liberman|Leonid]], [[CCC]], November 29, 1999
==2000 ...==
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=367073 Re: Stormx is this a Crafty Clone??] by [[Sean Empey]], [[CCC]], May 25, 2004 » [[Process]], [[Thread]]
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=389667 Kiwi for Win98 and input-reading stuff] by [[Alessandro Scotti]], [[CCC]], September 29, 2004 » [[Kiwi]], [[Cpp|C++]], [[Thread]]
==2010 ...==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=38441 MSVC calloc question] by [[Harm Geert Muller]], [[CCC]], March 17, 2011
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=41908 Windows GCC Development] by [[Joshua Shriver]], [[CCC]], January 10, 2012
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=43864 microsecond-accurate timing on Windows] by [[Martin Sedlak]], [[CCC]], May 28, 2012
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=48481 Windows 8.1 and Visual Studio 2013 preview] by [[Jose Maria Velasco|Jose Mº Velasco]], [[CCC]], June 30, 2013
==2015 ...==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=57236 Windows 10 Experience] by [[Fernando Villegas]], [[CCC]], August 10, 2015
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=58587 OT: Full Removal of Windows 10] by Terry McCracken, [[CCC]], December 13, 2015
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61435 Weird Windows / WinBoard behavior] by [[Harm Geert Muller]], [[CCC]], September 15, 2016 » [[Process]], [[WinBoard]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61793 Help needed for porting to Windows] by [[Evert Glebbeek]], [[CCC]], October 22, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=62315 MinGW AlphaBlend] by [[Harm Geert Muller]], [[CCC]], November 29, 2016 » [[2D Graphics Board]], [[WinBoard]] <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MinGW MinGW from Wikipedia]</ref>
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=63568 Importance of Windows XP support] by [[Evert Glebbeek]], [[CCC]], March 27, 2017
=Further Links=
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows Microsoft Windows from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wintel Wintel from Wikipedia] » [[Intel]]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine_%28software%29 Wine (software) from Wikipedia]
* [http://blogs.msdn.com/e7/archive/2008/10/13/windows-desktop-search.aspx Engineering Windows 7 - Windows Desktop Search] by [[Chris McConnell]], October 13, 2008
=References=
<references />
'''[[Software|Up one Level]]'''
