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Vladimir Arlazarov

2,200 bytes added, 13:21, 15 August 2021
Thompson and Donskoy
'''Vladimir L’vovich Arlazarov''',<br/>
a Russian mathematician, computer scientist, computer chess pioneer, and CEO of the private company ''Cognitive Technologies'' <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180820070501/http://schools.keldysh.ru/uvk1838/Sciper/volume1/cognitiv.htm Vladimir Arlazarov at Cognitive Technologies]</ref> <ref>[httphttps://www.cognitive.ru/en/ eng-home Cognitive Technologies: Main]</ref> <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20020516022303/http://beda.stup.ac.ru/psf/ziss/wmaster/books/magazine/pcmag/9901/019925.HTM Interview for PC Magazine]</ref> founded in 1993, located in the building of the Institute of Systems Analysis, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Academy_of_Sciences Russian Academy of Sciences], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscow Moscow] <ref>[http://www.isa.ru/index.php?lang=en Welcome to the ISA RAS website!]</ref> <ref>[http://www.isa.ru/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=233&Itemid=61&lang=ru Vladimir Arlazarov at the ISA RAS website]</ref>. Since 2007, Vladimir Arlazarov is member of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Academy_of_Sciences European Academy of Sciences] <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140712094057/http://cognitive.ru/en/timeline Cognitive Technologies: News and events] 20072013</ref>.
In [[Timeline#1963|1963]] <ref>[http://adamant1.fromru.com/kaissa.html "Каисса" - Историю программы рассказывает один из ее создателей Михаил Донской] - [http://translate.google.com/translate?sl=ru&tl=en&js=n&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&u=http%3A%2F%2Fadamant1.fromru.com%2Fkaissa.html Kaissa] by [[Mikhail Donskoy]], translated by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate Google Translate]</ref> at [[Alexander Kronrod|Alexander Kronrod’s]] laboratory at the Moscow [[Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics]] ('''ITEP'''), Vladimir Arlazarov co-developed the [[ITEP Chess Program]], along with [[Georgy Adelson-Velsky]], [[Anatoly Uskov]] and [[Alexander Zhivotovsky]], advised by Russian chess master [[Alexander Bitman]] and three-time world champion [[Mikhail Botvinnik]] <ref>[http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/full_record.php?iid=stl-430b9bbdb9817 International Grandmaster and World Champion Mikhail Botvinnik in Moscow], 1980, Gift of [[Monroe Newborn]], "[[Mikhail Botvinnik|Botvinnik]] served as a consultant to Soviet computer chess developers who developed an early program at [[Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics|ITEP]] which won a [[Stanford-ITEP Match|correspondence chess match]] against a [[Stanford University]] [[Kotok-McCarthy-Program|chess program]] led by [[John McCarthy]] in 1967. Later he advised the team that created the chess program [[Kaissa]] at [[Institute of Control Sciences|Moscow’s Institute for Control Science]]"</ref>. At the end of 1966 a [[Stanford-ITEP Match|four game match]] began between the [[Kotok-McCarthy-Program]], running on a [[IBM 7090]] computer, and the [[ITEP Chess Program]] on a Soviet [[M-220]] computer. The match played over nine months was won 3-1 by the The '''ITEP''' program, despite playing on slower hardware. By 1971, [[Mikhail Donskoy]] joined with Arlazarov and Uskov to program its successor on an [[ICL 4-70|ICL System 4/70]] at the [[Institute of Control Sciences]], called [[Kaissa]], which became the first [[World Computer Chess Championship|World Computer Chess Champion]] in [[WCCC 1974|1974 in Stockholm]].
=Photos=
==ITEP Chess Program==
[[FILE:ArlazarovBitmanZhivotovsky.jpg|none|border|text-bottom|640px|link=ITEP Chess Program#Video]]
[[Vladimir Arlazarov]], [[Alexander Bitman]] and [[Alexander Zhivotovsky]], [[Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics|ITEP]], November 24, 1967 <ref>Image captured from the [[ITEP Chess Program#Video|Video В шахматы "играет" ЭВМ. Телевизионные новости. Эфир 24.11.1967]] ca. 0:58</ref>
==Kaissa==
[[FILE:KaissaICL4-70.jpg|none|border|text-bottom|640px|link=https://www.facebook.com/AdelsonVelsky/photos/pb.315752265245715.-2207520000.1409071928./316678128486462/?type=1&theater]]
[[Kaissa]] on an [[ICL 4-70|ICL 4/70]] operated by [[Vladimir Arlazarov]] during the [[WCCC 1974]] <ref>[https://www.facebook.com/AdelsonVelsky/photos/pb.315752265245715.-2207520000.1409071928./316678128486462/?type=1&theater Kaissa World Champion] from [https://www.facebook.com/AdelsonVelsky Памяти Г. М. Адельсон-Вельского | Facebook] (cropped), Image from display case [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telegraph_Agency_of_the_Soviet_Union TASS], 1974</ref>
==Thompson and Donskoy==
[[FILE:Lazarov_Thompson_Donskoy_KAISSA_team.Montreal.jpg|none|border|text-bottom|640px|link=http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/full_record.php?iid=stl-430b9bbd75253]]
[[Vladimir Arlazarov]], [[Ken Thompson]] and [[Mikhail Donskoy]], 1992 <ref>[http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/full_record.php?iid=stl-430b9bbd75253 Photo] by [[Monroe Newborn]] from [http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/index.php History of Computer Chess] from [[The Computer History Museum]]. Perhaps the photo was taken much earlier than 1992. See, for comparison, a [http://panchul.com/misc/cognitive_1993_larkspur_california.jpg photo] of Arlazarov in 1993 in [https://panchul.livejournal.com/130325.html this blog post]</ref>
=Selected Publications=
<ref>[https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai:arlazarov.v-l zbMATH - Arlazarov, V. L.]</ref> <ref>[http://www.mathnet.ru/php/person.phtml?personid=24727&option_lang=eng Arlazarov Vladimir L'vovich] from [http://www.mathnet.ru/php/person.phtml?option_lang=eng Math-Net.Ru]</ref> <ref>[http://ilk.uvt.nl/icga/journal/docs/References.pdf [ICGA Journal#RefDB|ICGA Reference Database] (pdf)]</ref> <ref>[http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/pers/hd/a/Arlazarov:Vladimir_L= dblp: Vladimir L. Arlazarov]</ref>
==1968==
* [[Vladimir Arlazarov]], [[Alexander Bitman]] ('''1968'''). ''Will the machine beat man?'' [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shakhmaty_v_SSSR Shakhmaty v SSSR], 2, 9–11
* [[Georgy Adelson-Velsky]], [[Vladimir Arlazarov]], [[Mikhail Donskoy]] ('''1977'''). ''On the Structure of an Important Class of Exhaustive Problems and Methods of Search Reduction for them''. [[Advances in Computer Chess 1]]
* [http://www.mathnet.ru/php/person.phtml?option_lang=eng&personid=55935 A. G. Alexandrov], [[Vladimir Arlazarov]], [http://www.mathnet.ru/php/person.phtml?option_lang=eng&personid=96113 A. M. Baraev], [http://www.mathnet.ru/php/person.phtml?option_lang=eng&personid=96114 Ya. Yu. Gol'fand], [https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai:deza.v-n V. N. Deza], [https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai:ilina.t-p T. P. Il’ina], [[Edward Komissarchik]], [[Anatoly Uskov]], [https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai:faradzhev.i-a I. A. Faradzhev], [[Aaron L. Futer]] ('''1977'''). ''[https://zbmath.org/?q=an:03653550 Processing of large files of information on the example of the analysis of the rook’s end game]''. [http://www.springer.com/computer/journal/11086 Programming and Computer Software], No. 3
* [[Vladimir Arlazarov]], [[Aaron L. Futer]] ('''1979'''). ''Computer Analysis of a Rook End-Game''. [http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~shm/MI/mi9.html Machine Intelligence 9] (eds. [[Jean Hayes Michie]], [[Donald Michie]] and L.I. Mikulich), pp. 361-371. Ellis Horwood, Chichester. Reprinted in [[Computer Chess Compendium]]
* [[Georgy Adelson-Velsky]], [[Vladimir Arlazarov]], [[Mikhail Donskoy]] ('''1979'''). ''Algorithms of adaptive search''. [http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~shm/MI/mi9.html Machine Intelligence 9] (eds. [[Jean Hayes Michie]], [[Donald Michie]] and L.I. Mikulich), pp. 373-384. Ellis Horwood, Chichester.
==1980 ...==
* [[Georgy Adelson-Velsky]], [http://www.mathnet.ru/php/person.phtml?option_lang=eng&personid=79866 V. P. Akimov], [[Vladimir Arlazarov]] ('''1981'''). ''[http://www.mathnet.ru/php/archive.phtml?wshow=paper&jrnid=at&paperid=7183&option_lang=eng On a probabilistic approach tо verification of the Shannon game model]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automation_and_Remote_Control Avtomatika i Telemekhanika], No. 9, 138–144
* [[Georgy Adelson-Velsky|Г.М. Адельсон-Вельский]], [[Vladimir Arlazarov|В.Л. Арлазаров]], [[Alexander Bitman|А.Р. Битман]], [[Mikhail Donskoy|М.В. Донской]] ('''1983'''). Машина играет в шахматы, [http://genes1s.net/files/kaissa.pdf pdf] (book with detailed explanations of Kaissa algorithms, language: Russian)
==1985 ...==* [[Georgy Adelson-Velsky]], [[Vladimir Arlazarov]], [[Mikhail Donskoy]] ('''1988'''). ''Algorithms for Games''. Springer-Verlag, New York, NY. ISBN 3-540-96629-3. [httphttps://wwwlink.amazonspringer.com/Algorithmsbook/10.1007%2F978-Games1-Georgy4612-M3796-Adelson-Velsky9 Algorithms for Games]''. [https:/dp/0387966293 amazonen.comwikipedia.org/wiki/Springer_Science%2BBusiness_Media Springer]==2005 2000 ...==
* [[Vladimir Arlazarov]], [https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai:kazanov.m-d M. D. Kazanov] ('''2008'''). ''[https://zbmath.org/?q=an:05601806 Segmentation of small objects in color images]''. [http://www.springer.com/computer/journal/11086 Programming and Computer Software], Vol 34, No. 3
==2010 ...==
=See also=
* [[ITEP Chess Program#Video|ITEP Chess Program Video, 1967]]
* [[David Levy#ScotchVersusVodka|Scotch versus Vodka]] - one of [[David Levy|David Levy's]] bets
* [http://schools.keldysh.ru/uvk1838/Sciper/volume1/cognitiv.htm Vladimir Arlazarov at Cognitive Technologies]
* [http://www.mathnet.ru/php/person.phtml?personid=24727&option_lang=eng Arlazarov Vladimir L'vovich] from [http://www.mathnet.ru/php/person.phtml?option_lang=eng Math-Net.Ru]
* [http://www.computer-museummathnet.ru/englishphp/m2archive.htm The Fast Universal Digital Computer M-2] from the [[Russian Virtual Computer Museum]phtml?wshow=paper&jrnid=vyuru&paperid=538&option_lang=rus Vladimir Arlazarov is 80 years old]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Method_of_Four_Russians Method of Four Russians from Wikipedia]
* [http://patents.justia.com/patent/5799276 US Patent for Knowledge-based speech recognition system and methods having frame length computed based upon estimated pitch period of vocalic intervals Patent (Patent # 5,799,276 issued August 25, 1998)] by [[Edward Komissarchik]], [[Vladimir Arlazarov]], [[Michael G. Malkovsky]], et al.
* [http://acm.mipt.ru/twiki/bin/view/Algorithms/ArlazarovChessAlgo#_niq_k_o___cjoc_p_j_r_qi_coo Владимир Арлазаров: «Алгоритмы шахматных программ »] (Algorithms of chess programs)
* [https://nauka.tass.ru/nauka/7020044 Ученый рассказал, почему советские компьютерные шахматы не повторили успех "Тетриса"] (The scientist explained why the Soviet computer chess did not repeat the success of "Tetris"), 2019
* [https://arzamas.academy/materials/2233 Владимир Арлазаров: «Игры помогли нам понять, как человек решает трудные логические задачи»] (Games helped us understand how a person solves difficult logical problems) [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arzamas_(website) Arzamas website], 2021
* [https://stimul.online/articles/interview/ot-kaissy-do-rossiyskogo-pasporta/ От «Каиссы» до российского паспорта] (From "Kaissa" to the Russian passport), 2021
=References=
[[Category:Mathematician|Arlazarov]]
[[Category:Researcher|Arlazarov]]
[[Category:Chess Programmer|Arlazarov]]
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