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Created page with "'''Home * Knowledge * Endgame Tablebases * Syzygy Bases''' FILE:Three Planets Dance Over La Silla.jpg|border|right|thumb|Syzygy - Three Planets Dance..."
'''[[Main Page|Home]] * [[Knowledge]] * [[Endgame Tablebases]] * Syzygy Bases'''
[[FILE:Three Planets Dance Over La Silla.jpg|border|right|thumb|Syzygy - Three Planets Dance Over [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Silla_Observatory La Silla] <ref>It’s a real treat for photographers and astronomers alike: our skies are currently witnessing a phenomenon known as a syzygy — when three [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_object celestial bodies] (or more) nearly align themselves in the sky. When celestial bodies have similar ecliptic [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longitude longitude], this event is also known as a triple near-[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjunction_%28astronomy%29 conjunction]. Of course, this is just a trick of perspective, but this doesn't make it any less spectacular. In this case, these bodies are three [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet planets], and the only thing needed to enjoy the show is a clear view of the sky at sunset. Luckily, this is what happened for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Southern_Observatory ESO] [http://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/photo-ambassadors/ photo ambassador] [http://www.eso.org/public/images/yuribeletsky/ Yuri Beletsky], who had the chance to spot this spectacular view from ESO's [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Silla_Observatory La Silla Observatory] in northern [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chile Chile] on Sunday May 26 , 2013. Above the round domes of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telescope telescopes], three of the planets in our [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_System Solar System] — [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jupiter Jupiter] (top), [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus Venus] (lower left), and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury_%28planet%29 Mercury] (lower right) — were revealed aftersunset, engaged in their cosmic dance. An alignment like this happens only once every several years. The last one took place in May 2011, and the next one will not be until October 2015. This celestial triangle was at its best over the last week of May, but you may still be able to catch a glimpse of the three planets as they form ever-changing arrangements during their journey across the sky - source [http://www.eso.org/public/images/potw1322a/ Three Planets Dance Over La Silla | ESO], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syzygy_%28astronomy%29 Syzygy (astronomy) from Wikipedia]</ref> ]]
'''Syzygy Bases''', <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=47681&start=45 Re: New 6-piece tablebases] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], April 10, 2013</ref><br/>
a compact six piece endgame database developed by [[Ronald de Man]], published April 01, 2013, but not as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_Fools%27_Day April Fool]. Syzygy Bases consist of two sets of files, '''WDL''' files storing win/draw/loss information considering the [[Fifty-move Rule|fifty-move rule]] for access during [[Search|search]], and '''DTZ''' files with [[Endgame Tablebases#DTZ50|distance-to-zero]] information for access at the [[Root|root]]. The generator is released under the [[Free Software Foundation#GPL|GNU General Public License Version 2]], the [[Thread|thread safe]] probing code is released without restrictions <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=47681 New 6-piece tablebases] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], April 01, 2013</ref> . As of February 2015, all 3-5 and most important 6-men Syzygy Bases are commercially available on 4 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVD DVDs] by [[ChessBase]] as ''Endgame Turbo 4'' for their products [[Fritz|Deep Fritz 14]], [[Komodo#8|Komodo Chess 8]], [[Houdini|Houdini 4]] or [[ChessBase (Database)|ChessBase 12/13]] <ref>[http://shop.chessbase.com/en/products/endspiel_turbo_4 Endgame Turbo 4] by [[ChessBase]]</ref> <ref>[http://en.chessbase.com/post/syzygy-tablebases-newest-fastest-smallest Syzygy Tablebases: newest, fastest, smallest] by [[Albert Silver]], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], February 08, 2015</ref> .
=File Sizes=
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Men
! WDL
! DTZ
|-
! 5
| style="text-align:right;" | 378 MiB
| style="text-align:right;" | 561 MiB
|-
! 6
| style="text-align:right;" | 68.3 GiB
| style="text-align:right;" | 81.9 GiB
|}
The additional use of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haswell_%28microarchitecture%29 Haswell's] [[BMI2]] [[BMI2#PDEP|Parallel Bits Deposit (PDEP)]] and [[BMI2#PEXT|Parallel Bits Extract (PEXT)]] instructions, or their slower serial implementations, allows further size reduction <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=48220&start=1 Re: PEXT Bitboards] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], June 07, 2013</ref> .
Generation of 7-men tablebases would require about 1 TB of RAM. Generation time will be about 64 x per table, which means around 175 x time total <ref>[http://kirill-kryukov.com/chess/discussion-board/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=7396#p83338 Re: Syzygy tb generator for windows] by [[Ronald de Man|syzygy]], [[Computer Chess Forums|CCRL Discussion Board]], June 01, 2014</ref> . Ronald de Man isn't interested in creation of 7-men Syzygy <ref>[http://kirill-kryukov.com/chess/discussion-board/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=7618#p83771 Re: 7-piece syzygy] by [[Ronald de Man|syzygy]], [[Computer Chess Forums|CCRL Discussion Board]], July 03, 2014</ref> .
=During the Search=
During the [[Search|search]], with the WDL tables stored on [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state_drive SSD] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=47931&start=2 Re: SSD and the use of Tablebases] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], May 08, 2013</ref> , it is possible to probe the tables at all [[Depth|depths]] without much slowdown. They have been tested in Ronald de Man's engine [[Sjaak]] (playing on [[FICS]] as TrojanKnight(C)) a couple of months quite successfully, don't probing in [[Quiescence Search|quiescence search]].
=At the Root=
At the [[Root|root]], since pure DTZ50-optimal play (i.e. minimaxing the number of moves to the next [[Captures|capture]] or [[Pawn Push|pawn move]] by either side) can be very unnatural, it might be desirable to let the engine search on the winning moves until it becomes clear that insufficient progress is being made and only then switch to DTZ-optimal play (e.g. by detecting [[Repetitions|repetitions]] and monitoring the [[Halfmove Clock|halfmove clock]]) <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=47681&start=8 Re: New 6-piece tablebases] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], April 05, 2013</ref> .
=Quotes=
by [[Ronald de Man]] in a reply to [[Guy Haworth]], April 06, 2013 <ref>[http://kirill-kryukov.com/chess/discussion-board/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=6971&start=6 Re: New 6-piece tablebase generator] by [[Ronald de Man|syzygy]], [[Computer Chess Forums|CCRL Discussion Board]], April 06, 2013</ref> :
I create both WDL and DTZ in one go, so I don't use WDL in the creation of DTZ. The algorithm used is the [[Retrograde Analysis#Algorithm|grandfather algorithm]] with 2 plies per iteration (I think [[Harm Geert Muller|HGM]] calls this leapfrogging, but I might be wrong). I tried the outcounting method, but it didn't seem to be competitive (and it makes things more complicated). <ref>[http://www.open-chess.org/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=779 Retrograde tablebase methods] by [[Mark Watkins|BB+]], [[Computer Chess Forums|OpenChess Forum]], November 26, 2010</ref> <ref>[http://home.hccnet.nl/h.g.muller/EGT7/retro.html Leapfrog: Retrograde Analysis] from [http://home.hccnet.nl/h.g.muller/EGT7/7-men.html Leapfrog tablebase generator] by [[Harm Geert Muller]]</ref>
A pure WDL/DTZ pair is not of much use for creating WDL50+/DTZ50+. I create tables in RAM that have all the information necessary for WDL50+ and DTZ50+, then permute them to different indexing schemes and compress. I do test runs on subsets of the data to find good permutations. (The idea to try permutations is from [[Jesper Torp Kristensen|Jesper Torp Kristensen's]] master thesis.) <ref>[[Jesper Torp Kristensen]] ('''2005'''). ''[http://jespertk.dk/Jesper/public/master_thesis/ Generation and compression of endgame tables in chess with fast random access using OBDDs]''. Master thesis, Supervisor [[Mathematician#Miltersen|Peter Bro Miltersen]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aarhus_University Aarhus University], [http://jespertk.dk/Jesper/public/master_thesis/report/report.pdf pdf]</ref> <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_decision_diagram OBDD - Ordered Binary Decision Diagram from Wikipedia]</ref>
=Endgame News=
In his 2014 ''Chess Endgame News'' in [[ICGA Journal#37_2|ICGA Journal, Vol. 37, No. 2]] <ref>[[Guy Haworth]] ('''2014'''). ''Chess Endgame News''. [[ICGA Journal#37_2|ICGA Journal, Vol. 37, No. 2]]</ref> , [[Guy Haworth]] classified Syzygy Bases as '''new''' data in '''three''' ways:
# 5-valued scale for evaluating positions in the context of the [[FIDE]] [[Fifty-move Rule|50-move rule]] (50mr) which constrains the length of phases of play
## +2 ≡ unconditional win for the side to move
## +1 ≡ ‘win’ which can be frustrated by best play and a 50mr draw-claim
## <span style="color: #ffffff;">_</span>0 ≡ unconditional draw
## -1 ≡ ‘loss’ saved by a 50mr draw-claim
## -2 ≡ unconditional loss
# depths for ‘50mr draw’ positions with value ±1
# depths in symmetric, information-preserving ply ‘p’
and further gives some news about early software bugs and glitches concerning [[ChessBase]] products, and the importance of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD5 MD5] to check the EGT integrity.
<span id="Fathom"></span>
=Fathom=
'''Fathom''' is a stand-alone Syzygy based probing tool and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_programming_interface API] by [[Basil Falcinelli]], introduced in November 2015 along with his [[GullChess|Gull 3]] release <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=58299 Gull 3 Linux+Syzygy and Fathom released] by [[Basil Falcinelli]], [[CCC]], November 20, 2015</ref> . Unlike the original tbprobe code, Fathom does not necessarily require the callee to provide [[Move Generation|move generation]] functionality. The new modifications and extensions to Ronald de Man's original code which can be "redistributed and/or modified without restrictions", are released under the permissive [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology#License|MIT License]]. The API consists of three functions <ref>[https://github.com/basil00/Fathom GitHub - basil00/Fathom: Syzygy TB probe tool] by [[Basil Falcinelli]]</ref> :
* tb_init initializes the tablebase
* tb_probe_wdl probes the Win-Draw-Loss (WDL) table for a given position
* tb_probe_root probes the Distance-To-Zero (DTZ) table for the given position.
[[Jon Dart]] has a fork of Fathom with some bug fixes and enhancements <ref>[https://github.com/jdart1/Fathom jdart1/Fathom · GitHub] by [[Jon Dart]]</ref>.
=See also=
* [[Endgame Bitbases|Bitbases]]
* [[Edwards' Tablebases]]
* [[Gaviota Tablebases]]
* [[Lomonosov Tablebases]]
* [[Nalimov Tablebases]]
* [[python-chess]]
* [[Scorpio Bitbases]]
* [[Thompson's Databases]]
=Publications=
* [[Guy Haworth]] ('''2014'''). ''Chess Endgame News''. [[ICGA Journal#37_1|ICGA Journal, Vol. 37, No. 1]]
* [[Guy Haworth]] ('''2014'''). ''Chess Endgame News''. [[ICGA Journal#37_2|ICGA Journal, Vol. 37, No. 2]]
* [[Guy Haworth]] ('''2014'''). ''Chess Endgame News''. [[ICGA Journal#37_3|ICGA Journal, Vol. 37, No. 3]] » [[Fritz|Fritz 14]]
=Forum Posts=
==2013 ...==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=47681 New 6-piece tablebases] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], April 01, 2013 <ref>[https://plus.google.com/100454521496393505718/posts/5C252LggQQS Found an interesting research] by [[Kirill Kryukov]], April, 12, 2013</ref>
* [http://kirill-kryukov.com/chess/discussion-board/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=6971 New 6-piece tablebase generator] by [[Ronald de Man|syzygy]], [[Computer Chess Forums|CCRL Discussion Board]], April 01, 2013
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=48220&start=1 Re: PEXT Bitboards] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], June 07, 2013 » [[BMI2#PDEP|BMI2 - PDEP]], [[BMI2#PEXT|BMI2 - PEXT]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=49303 Syzygy EGTB's via Torrent Thread] by [[Joshua Shriver]], [[CCC]], September 11, 2013
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=49439 Syzygy tablebases, work in Stockfish?] by [[Jose Maria Velasco|Jose Mº Velasco]], [[CCC]], September 23, 2013 » [[Stockfish]]
* [http://rybkaforum.net/cgi-bin/rybkaforum/topic_show.pl?tid=27789 Building Syzygy bases] by higgs, [[Computer Chess Forums|Rybka Forum]], October 12, 2013
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=49702 tablebase caching / mmap() / page cache] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], October 13, 2013 » [[Memory]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=49724 Syzygy endgame tables: Generation and first impressions] by [[Michael Scheidl|Mike Scheidl]], [[CCC]], October 15, 2013
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=49770 deMan TB Path and Cache] by [[Matthias Gemuh]], [[CCC]], October 19, 2013
* [http://rybkaforum.net/cgi-bin/rybkaforum/topic_show.pl?tid=27833 syzygy TB (3-4-5 men only) download link ? ] by MarshallArts, [[Computer Chess Forums|Rybka Forum]], October 21, 2013
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=49807 rkiss and other dependencies in syzygy] by [[Don Dailey]], [[CCC]], October 23, 2013
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=49819 Syzygy / egbb discussion] by [[Daniel Shawul]], [[CCC]], October 23, 2013 » [[Scorpio Bitbases]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50093 Manual: How to use Syzygy (or any other) 6-men without SSD] by [[Milos Stanisavljevic]], [[CCC]], November 16, 2013
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50192 potential deadlock in syzygy reference implementation] by [[Richard Vida]], [[CCC]], November 23, 2013
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50186&start=68 Re: A note for C programmers] by [[Marcel van Kervinck]], [[CCC]], November 27, 2013
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50296 Stockfish Syzygy: how to interpret mates?] by [[Jouni Uski]], [[CCC]], December 01, 2013 » [[Stockfish]], [[Score#MateScores|Mate Scores]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50337 Problem with 6-piece syzygy-bases using wine] by [[Bernhard Bauer]], [[CCC]], December 05, 2013 <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine_%28software%29 Wine (software) from Wikipedia]</ref>
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50492 ChessGUI 0.245f is available] by [[Matthias Gemuh]], [[CCC]], December 14, 2013 » [[ChessGUI]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50523 Syzygybases suitable for win32-systems?] by [[Norbert Raimund Leisner]], [[CCC]], December 17, 2013
* [http://www.open-chess.org/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=2545 Syzygy Tablebases list of importance] by chri$, [[Computer Chess Forums|OpenChess Forum]], December 21, 2013
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50655 Syzygy options] by [[Harm Geert Muller]], [[CCC]], December 27, 2013
'''2014'''
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50896 Ideal Syzygy Probe Depth ? (using SSD)] by Anil V Dharan, [[CCC]], January 14, 2014
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50967 SYZYGY Base question] by [[Ingo Bauer]], [[CCC]], January 19, 2014
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=51134 problem with syzygy tablebases] by [[Youri Matiounine]], [[CCC]], February 01, 2014
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=51159 Performance of Syzygy and Scorpio] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], February 04, 2014 » [[Scorpio Bitbases]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=51421 A question about syzygy] by Enrico Tognoni, [[CCC]], February 26, 2014
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=51426 A question about syzygy 6 men and partial use] by Enrico Tognoni, [[CCC]], February 26, 2014
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=52411 Syzygy on RAM Drive] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], May 23, 2014 » [[Stockfish]], [[Komodo#7|Komodo 7]], [[Houdini|Houdini 4]]
* [http://kirill-kryukov.com/chess/discussion-board/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=7396#p83338 Re: Syzygy tb generator for windows] by [[Ronald de Man|syzygy]], [[Computer Chess Forums|CCRL Discussion Board]], June 01, 2014
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=52522 Question about syzygy bases] by [[Gabor Szots]], [[CCC]], June 02, 2014
* [http://kirill-kryukov.com/chess/discussion-board/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=7618#p83771 Re: 7-piece syzygy] by [[Ronald de Man|syzygy]], [[Computer Chess Forums|CCRL Discussion Board]], July 03, 2014
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=54572 Question on Stockfish and SyzygyCache UCI option] by Erfuk Neuni, [[CCC]], December 07, 2014
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=54636 USB 3 Storage for Syzygy WDL files] by [[Louis Zulli]], [[CCC]], December 13, 2014 » [[Memory#USB3|USB 3.0]]
==2015 ...==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=54928 Komodo 8 - 5-men Syzygy tablebases] by [[Andreas Strangmüller]], [[CCC]], January 10, 2015 » [[Komodo#8|Komodo 8]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=55846 Problem with SF6 and Syzygy TB] by Forrest Hoch, [[CCC]], April 01, 2015 » [[Stockfish]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=56124 SD Syzygy] by [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/profile.php?mode=viewprofile&u=608 Ted Summers], [[CCC]], April 26, 2015
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=56289 5 men Syzygy on USB 3.0 Flash Drive] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], May 09, 2015
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=56363&start=3 Re: how to probe egtb from console?] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], May 15, 2015 » [[python-chess]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=58299 Gull 3 Linux+Syzygy and Fathom released] by [[Basil Falcinelli]], [[CCC]], November 20, 2015 » [[GullChess]], [[Syzygy Bases#Fathom|Fathom]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=58488 Syzygy probing code: DTZ in some cursed endgames off by one?] by [[Niklas Fiekas]], [[CCC]], December 06, 2015
'''2016'''
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=59175&start=4 Re: Squash anyone?] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], February 07, 2016 <ref>[https://scholar.google.de/citations?user=8pKMsLMAAAAJ&hl=en N. Jesper Larsson], [http://findanexpert.unimelb.edu.au/display/person13222 Alistair Moffat] ('''1999'''). ''[http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=789701 Offline Dictionary-Based Compression]''. [http://www.cs.brandeis.edu//~dcc/Programs/Program1999.pdf DCC'99], [http://www.larsson.dogma.net/dcc99.pdf pdf]</ref>
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=59273 My troubles with MultiPV and Syzygy in Stockfish 7] by [[Árpád Rusz]], [[CCC]], February 16, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=59407 Stockfish 7 and partial 6 piece syzygy problem?] by [[Jouni Uski]], [[CCC]], March 01, 2016 » [[Stockfish]]
: [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=59407&start=12 Re: Stockfish 7 and partial 6 piece syzygy problem?] by [[Marco Costalba]], [[CCC]], September 01, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=59463 Arasan Syzygy support (working with Windows, too)] by [[Jon Dart]], [[CCC]], March 10, 2016 » [[Arasan]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=59947 Question to syzygy author] by [[Marco Costalba]], [[CCC]], April 24, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=60054 syzygy question] by [[Robert Hyatt]], [[CCC]], May 04, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=60232 question about syzygy probing] by [[Marco Belli]], [[CCC]], May 21, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=60312 Natural TB] by [[Marco Costalba]], [[CCC]], May 29, 2016 » [[Stockfish]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=60722 syzygy questions] by [[Robert Hyatt]], [[CCC]], July 06, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=60833 How texel probes endgame tablebases] by [[Peter Österlund]], [[CCC]], July 16, 2016 » [[Gaviota Tablebases]], [[Texel]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=60906 Syzygy and draw by repetition] by [[Jon Dart]], [[CCC]], July 22, 2016 » [[Draw]], [[Repetitions]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61324 Syzygy question] by [[J. Wesley Cleveland]], [[CCC]], September 03, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61832 Suicide chess tablebases (stalemated player wins)] by [[Niklas Fiekas]], [[CCC]], October 25, 2016 » [[Losing Chess]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=62340 Syzygy tablebases] by Andy Leese, [[CCC]], December 01, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=62378 Help for Syzygy probe?] by [[Ted Wong]], [[CCC]], December 04, 2016 » [[Syzygy Bases#Fathom|Fathom]]
'''2017'''
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=63652 6-men Syzygy from HDD and USB 3.0] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], April 04, 2017 » [[Komodo]], [[Playing Strength]], [[Memory#USB3|USB 3.0]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=64377 Fathom memory usage] by [[Álvaro Begué]], [[CCC]], June 22, 2017» [[Syzygy Bases#Fathom|Fathom]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=64383 RuyDos with support for syzygy tablebases] by [[Álvaro Begué]], [[CCC]], June 23, 2017 » [[RuyDos]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=60312&start=240 Natural TB (take 2)] by [[Marco Costalba]], [[CCC]], August 22, 2017 » [[Stockfish]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=65284 Probing tablebases through USB 3.0] by [[Jon Fredrik Åsvang]], [[CCC]], September 25, 2017 » [[Memory#USB3|USB 3.0]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=65390 understanding DTZ] by [[Alexandru Mosoi]], [[CCC]], October 06, 2017 » [[Endgame Tablebases#DTZ|DTZ]], [[Syzygy Bases#Fathom|Fathom]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=65713 Is there now coming changes to syzygy databases?] by [[Jouni Uski]], [[CCC]], November 13, 2017 » [[Endgame Tablebases#DTM|DTM]], [[CFish]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=66096 How to Download Syzygy Endgame Tablebase Files] by Daniel Johnson, [[CCC]], December 23, 2017
'''2018'''
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=66754 The history of Syzygy tablebases] by Isaac Haïk Dunn, [[CCC]], March 06, 2018
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=66797 7-men Syzygy attempt] by [[Bojun Guo]], [[CCC]], March 10, 2018
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=66830 Syzygy implementations of top engines] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], March 14, 2018
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=67122 Probing the Syzygy tablebase - beginners question] by Andreas Matthies, [[CCC]], April 16, 2018
=External Links=
==Tablebase==
* [https://github.com/syzygy1/tb syzygy1/tb · GitHub] by [[Ronald de Man]]
* [https://github.com/jromang?tab=repositories jromang · GitHub] by [[Jean-Francois Romang]] has a fork from syzygy1/tb
* [https://github.com/niklasf/python-chess/blob/master/chess/syzygy.py python-chess/syzygy.py at master · niklasf/python-chess · GitHub] by [[Niklas Fiekas]], [[Python]] implementation of probing code » [[python-chess]]
* [https://github.com/niklasf/syzygy-tables.info niklasf/syzygy-tables.info · GitHub] by [[Niklas Fiekas]], [[GUI]] and public API for Syzygy probing
* [https://syzygy-tables.info/ Syzygy endgame tablebases Web Interface] - Syzygy online lookup
* [http://oics.olympuschess.com/tracker/index.php OICS Chess and EGTB Tracker Statistics] by [[Joshua Shriver]] <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BitTorrent BitTorrent from Wikipedia]</ref>
* [http://kirill-kryukov.com/chess/tablebases-online/ Endgame Tablebases Online] by [[Kirill Kryukov]]
* [http://chess.cygnitec.com/tablebases/syzygy/ Index of /tablebases/syzygy (3,4,5)] by [[Franklin Titus|kingliveson]]
* [http://tablebase.sesse.net/ tablebase.sesse.net] by [[Steinar H. Gunderson|Sesse]]
==Fathom==
* [https://github.com/basil00/Fathom GitHub - basil00/Fathom: Syzygy TB probe tool] by [[Basil Falcinelli]]
* [https://github.com/jdart1/Fathom jdart1/Fathom · GitHub] by [[Jon Dart]] (with some bug fixes and enhancements)
==ChessBase==
* [http://en.chessbase.com/post/syzygy-tablebases-newest-fastest-smallest Syzygy Tablebases: newest, fastest, smallest] by [[Albert Silver]], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], February 08, 2015
* [http://en.chessbase.com/post/syzygy-tablebases-maximizing-performance Syzygy tablebases: maximizing performance] by [[Albert Silver]], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], February 10, 2015
* [http://shop.chessbase.com/en/products/endspiel_turbo_4 Endgame Turbo 4] by [[ChessBase]]
==Misc==
* [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/syzygy syzygy - Wiktionary]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syzygy Syzygy (disambiguation) from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syzygy_%28astronomy%29 Syzygy (astronomy) from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syzygy_%28mathematics%29 Syzygy (mathematics) from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caledonian_Antisyzygy Caledonian Antisyzygy from Wikipedia]
* [[Videos#MichaelBrecker|Michael Brecker Band]] - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Brecker_(album) Syzygy], August 16, 1987 at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newport_Jazz_Festival Newport Jazz Festival], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube YouTube] Video
: [[Videos#MichaelBrecker|Michael Brecker]], [[Videos#MikeStern|Mike Stern]], [https://de-de.facebook.com/JeffAndrewsBassPage/ Jeff Andrews], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Nussbaum Adam Nussbaum], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joey_Calderazzo Joey Calderazzo]
: {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lgVxFM7cONQ|alignment=left|valignment=top}}
=References=
<references />
'''[[Endgame Tablebases|Up one level]]'''
[[FILE:Three Planets Dance Over La Silla.jpg|border|right|thumb|Syzygy - Three Planets Dance Over [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Silla_Observatory La Silla] <ref>It’s a real treat for photographers and astronomers alike: our skies are currently witnessing a phenomenon known as a syzygy — when three [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_object celestial bodies] (or more) nearly align themselves in the sky. When celestial bodies have similar ecliptic [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longitude longitude], this event is also known as a triple near-[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjunction_%28astronomy%29 conjunction]. Of course, this is just a trick of perspective, but this doesn't make it any less spectacular. In this case, these bodies are three [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet planets], and the only thing needed to enjoy the show is a clear view of the sky at sunset. Luckily, this is what happened for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Southern_Observatory ESO] [http://www.eso.org/public/outreach/partnerships/photo-ambassadors/ photo ambassador] [http://www.eso.org/public/images/yuribeletsky/ Yuri Beletsky], who had the chance to spot this spectacular view from ESO's [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Silla_Observatory La Silla Observatory] in northern [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chile Chile] on Sunday May 26 , 2013. Above the round domes of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telescope telescopes], three of the planets in our [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_System Solar System] — [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jupiter Jupiter] (top), [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus Venus] (lower left), and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury_%28planet%29 Mercury] (lower right) — were revealed aftersunset, engaged in their cosmic dance. An alignment like this happens only once every several years. The last one took place in May 2011, and the next one will not be until October 2015. This celestial triangle was at its best over the last week of May, but you may still be able to catch a glimpse of the three planets as they form ever-changing arrangements during their journey across the sky - source [http://www.eso.org/public/images/potw1322a/ Three Planets Dance Over La Silla | ESO], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syzygy_%28astronomy%29 Syzygy (astronomy) from Wikipedia]</ref> ]]
'''Syzygy Bases''', <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=47681&start=45 Re: New 6-piece tablebases] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], April 10, 2013</ref><br/>
a compact six piece endgame database developed by [[Ronald de Man]], published April 01, 2013, but not as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_Fools%27_Day April Fool]. Syzygy Bases consist of two sets of files, '''WDL''' files storing win/draw/loss information considering the [[Fifty-move Rule|fifty-move rule]] for access during [[Search|search]], and '''DTZ''' files with [[Endgame Tablebases#DTZ50|distance-to-zero]] information for access at the [[Root|root]]. The generator is released under the [[Free Software Foundation#GPL|GNU General Public License Version 2]], the [[Thread|thread safe]] probing code is released without restrictions <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=47681 New 6-piece tablebases] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], April 01, 2013</ref> . As of February 2015, all 3-5 and most important 6-men Syzygy Bases are commercially available on 4 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVD DVDs] by [[ChessBase]] as ''Endgame Turbo 4'' for their products [[Fritz|Deep Fritz 14]], [[Komodo#8|Komodo Chess 8]], [[Houdini|Houdini 4]] or [[ChessBase (Database)|ChessBase 12/13]] <ref>[http://shop.chessbase.com/en/products/endspiel_turbo_4 Endgame Turbo 4] by [[ChessBase]]</ref> <ref>[http://en.chessbase.com/post/syzygy-tablebases-newest-fastest-smallest Syzygy Tablebases: newest, fastest, smallest] by [[Albert Silver]], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], February 08, 2015</ref> .
=File Sizes=
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Men
! WDL
! DTZ
|-
! 5
| style="text-align:right;" | 378 MiB
| style="text-align:right;" | 561 MiB
|-
! 6
| style="text-align:right;" | 68.3 GiB
| style="text-align:right;" | 81.9 GiB
|}
The additional use of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haswell_%28microarchitecture%29 Haswell's] [[BMI2]] [[BMI2#PDEP|Parallel Bits Deposit (PDEP)]] and [[BMI2#PEXT|Parallel Bits Extract (PEXT)]] instructions, or their slower serial implementations, allows further size reduction <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=48220&start=1 Re: PEXT Bitboards] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], June 07, 2013</ref> .
Generation of 7-men tablebases would require about 1 TB of RAM. Generation time will be about 64 x per table, which means around 175 x time total <ref>[http://kirill-kryukov.com/chess/discussion-board/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=7396#p83338 Re: Syzygy tb generator for windows] by [[Ronald de Man|syzygy]], [[Computer Chess Forums|CCRL Discussion Board]], June 01, 2014</ref> . Ronald de Man isn't interested in creation of 7-men Syzygy <ref>[http://kirill-kryukov.com/chess/discussion-board/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=7618#p83771 Re: 7-piece syzygy] by [[Ronald de Man|syzygy]], [[Computer Chess Forums|CCRL Discussion Board]], July 03, 2014</ref> .
=During the Search=
During the [[Search|search]], with the WDL tables stored on [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state_drive SSD] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=47931&start=2 Re: SSD and the use of Tablebases] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], May 08, 2013</ref> , it is possible to probe the tables at all [[Depth|depths]] without much slowdown. They have been tested in Ronald de Man's engine [[Sjaak]] (playing on [[FICS]] as TrojanKnight(C)) a couple of months quite successfully, don't probing in [[Quiescence Search|quiescence search]].
=At the Root=
At the [[Root|root]], since pure DTZ50-optimal play (i.e. minimaxing the number of moves to the next [[Captures|capture]] or [[Pawn Push|pawn move]] by either side) can be very unnatural, it might be desirable to let the engine search on the winning moves until it becomes clear that insufficient progress is being made and only then switch to DTZ-optimal play (e.g. by detecting [[Repetitions|repetitions]] and monitoring the [[Halfmove Clock|halfmove clock]]) <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=47681&start=8 Re: New 6-piece tablebases] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], April 05, 2013</ref> .
=Quotes=
by [[Ronald de Man]] in a reply to [[Guy Haworth]], April 06, 2013 <ref>[http://kirill-kryukov.com/chess/discussion-board/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=6971&start=6 Re: New 6-piece tablebase generator] by [[Ronald de Man|syzygy]], [[Computer Chess Forums|CCRL Discussion Board]], April 06, 2013</ref> :
I create both WDL and DTZ in one go, so I don't use WDL in the creation of DTZ. The algorithm used is the [[Retrograde Analysis#Algorithm|grandfather algorithm]] with 2 plies per iteration (I think [[Harm Geert Muller|HGM]] calls this leapfrogging, but I might be wrong). I tried the outcounting method, but it didn't seem to be competitive (and it makes things more complicated). <ref>[http://www.open-chess.org/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=779 Retrograde tablebase methods] by [[Mark Watkins|BB+]], [[Computer Chess Forums|OpenChess Forum]], November 26, 2010</ref> <ref>[http://home.hccnet.nl/h.g.muller/EGT7/retro.html Leapfrog: Retrograde Analysis] from [http://home.hccnet.nl/h.g.muller/EGT7/7-men.html Leapfrog tablebase generator] by [[Harm Geert Muller]]</ref>
A pure WDL/DTZ pair is not of much use for creating WDL50+/DTZ50+. I create tables in RAM that have all the information necessary for WDL50+ and DTZ50+, then permute them to different indexing schemes and compress. I do test runs on subsets of the data to find good permutations. (The idea to try permutations is from [[Jesper Torp Kristensen|Jesper Torp Kristensen's]] master thesis.) <ref>[[Jesper Torp Kristensen]] ('''2005'''). ''[http://jespertk.dk/Jesper/public/master_thesis/ Generation and compression of endgame tables in chess with fast random access using OBDDs]''. Master thesis, Supervisor [[Mathematician#Miltersen|Peter Bro Miltersen]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aarhus_University Aarhus University], [http://jespertk.dk/Jesper/public/master_thesis/report/report.pdf pdf]</ref> <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_decision_diagram OBDD - Ordered Binary Decision Diagram from Wikipedia]</ref>
=Endgame News=
In his 2014 ''Chess Endgame News'' in [[ICGA Journal#37_2|ICGA Journal, Vol. 37, No. 2]] <ref>[[Guy Haworth]] ('''2014'''). ''Chess Endgame News''. [[ICGA Journal#37_2|ICGA Journal, Vol. 37, No. 2]]</ref> , [[Guy Haworth]] classified Syzygy Bases as '''new''' data in '''three''' ways:
# 5-valued scale for evaluating positions in the context of the [[FIDE]] [[Fifty-move Rule|50-move rule]] (50mr) which constrains the length of phases of play
## +2 ≡ unconditional win for the side to move
## +1 ≡ ‘win’ which can be frustrated by best play and a 50mr draw-claim
## <span style="color: #ffffff;">_</span>0 ≡ unconditional draw
## -1 ≡ ‘loss’ saved by a 50mr draw-claim
## -2 ≡ unconditional loss
# depths for ‘50mr draw’ positions with value ±1
# depths in symmetric, information-preserving ply ‘p’
and further gives some news about early software bugs and glitches concerning [[ChessBase]] products, and the importance of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD5 MD5] to check the EGT integrity.
<span id="Fathom"></span>
=Fathom=
'''Fathom''' is a stand-alone Syzygy based probing tool and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_programming_interface API] by [[Basil Falcinelli]], introduced in November 2015 along with his [[GullChess|Gull 3]] release <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=58299 Gull 3 Linux+Syzygy and Fathom released] by [[Basil Falcinelli]], [[CCC]], November 20, 2015</ref> . Unlike the original tbprobe code, Fathom does not necessarily require the callee to provide [[Move Generation|move generation]] functionality. The new modifications and extensions to Ronald de Man's original code which can be "redistributed and/or modified without restrictions", are released under the permissive [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology#License|MIT License]]. The API consists of three functions <ref>[https://github.com/basil00/Fathom GitHub - basil00/Fathom: Syzygy TB probe tool] by [[Basil Falcinelli]]</ref> :
* tb_init initializes the tablebase
* tb_probe_wdl probes the Win-Draw-Loss (WDL) table for a given position
* tb_probe_root probes the Distance-To-Zero (DTZ) table for the given position.
[[Jon Dart]] has a fork of Fathom with some bug fixes and enhancements <ref>[https://github.com/jdart1/Fathom jdart1/Fathom · GitHub] by [[Jon Dart]]</ref>.
=See also=
* [[Endgame Bitbases|Bitbases]]
* [[Edwards' Tablebases]]
* [[Gaviota Tablebases]]
* [[Lomonosov Tablebases]]
* [[Nalimov Tablebases]]
* [[python-chess]]
* [[Scorpio Bitbases]]
* [[Thompson's Databases]]
=Publications=
* [[Guy Haworth]] ('''2014'''). ''Chess Endgame News''. [[ICGA Journal#37_1|ICGA Journal, Vol. 37, No. 1]]
* [[Guy Haworth]] ('''2014'''). ''Chess Endgame News''. [[ICGA Journal#37_2|ICGA Journal, Vol. 37, No. 2]]
* [[Guy Haworth]] ('''2014'''). ''Chess Endgame News''. [[ICGA Journal#37_3|ICGA Journal, Vol. 37, No. 3]] » [[Fritz|Fritz 14]]
=Forum Posts=
==2013 ...==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=47681 New 6-piece tablebases] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], April 01, 2013 <ref>[https://plus.google.com/100454521496393505718/posts/5C252LggQQS Found an interesting research] by [[Kirill Kryukov]], April, 12, 2013</ref>
* [http://kirill-kryukov.com/chess/discussion-board/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=6971 New 6-piece tablebase generator] by [[Ronald de Man|syzygy]], [[Computer Chess Forums|CCRL Discussion Board]], April 01, 2013
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=48220&start=1 Re: PEXT Bitboards] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], June 07, 2013 » [[BMI2#PDEP|BMI2 - PDEP]], [[BMI2#PEXT|BMI2 - PEXT]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=49303 Syzygy EGTB's via Torrent Thread] by [[Joshua Shriver]], [[CCC]], September 11, 2013
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=49439 Syzygy tablebases, work in Stockfish?] by [[Jose Maria Velasco|Jose Mº Velasco]], [[CCC]], September 23, 2013 » [[Stockfish]]
* [http://rybkaforum.net/cgi-bin/rybkaforum/topic_show.pl?tid=27789 Building Syzygy bases] by higgs, [[Computer Chess Forums|Rybka Forum]], October 12, 2013
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=49702 tablebase caching / mmap() / page cache] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], October 13, 2013 » [[Memory]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=49724 Syzygy endgame tables: Generation and first impressions] by [[Michael Scheidl|Mike Scheidl]], [[CCC]], October 15, 2013
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=49770 deMan TB Path and Cache] by [[Matthias Gemuh]], [[CCC]], October 19, 2013
* [http://rybkaforum.net/cgi-bin/rybkaforum/topic_show.pl?tid=27833 syzygy TB (3-4-5 men only) download link ? ] by MarshallArts, [[Computer Chess Forums|Rybka Forum]], October 21, 2013
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=49807 rkiss and other dependencies in syzygy] by [[Don Dailey]], [[CCC]], October 23, 2013
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=49819 Syzygy / egbb discussion] by [[Daniel Shawul]], [[CCC]], October 23, 2013 » [[Scorpio Bitbases]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50093 Manual: How to use Syzygy (or any other) 6-men without SSD] by [[Milos Stanisavljevic]], [[CCC]], November 16, 2013
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50192 potential deadlock in syzygy reference implementation] by [[Richard Vida]], [[CCC]], November 23, 2013
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50186&start=68 Re: A note for C programmers] by [[Marcel van Kervinck]], [[CCC]], November 27, 2013
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50296 Stockfish Syzygy: how to interpret mates?] by [[Jouni Uski]], [[CCC]], December 01, 2013 » [[Stockfish]], [[Score#MateScores|Mate Scores]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50337 Problem with 6-piece syzygy-bases using wine] by [[Bernhard Bauer]], [[CCC]], December 05, 2013 <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wine_%28software%29 Wine (software) from Wikipedia]</ref>
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50492 ChessGUI 0.245f is available] by [[Matthias Gemuh]], [[CCC]], December 14, 2013 » [[ChessGUI]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50523 Syzygybases suitable for win32-systems?] by [[Norbert Raimund Leisner]], [[CCC]], December 17, 2013
* [http://www.open-chess.org/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=2545 Syzygy Tablebases list of importance] by chri$, [[Computer Chess Forums|OpenChess Forum]], December 21, 2013
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50655 Syzygy options] by [[Harm Geert Muller]], [[CCC]], December 27, 2013
'''2014'''
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50896 Ideal Syzygy Probe Depth ? (using SSD)] by Anil V Dharan, [[CCC]], January 14, 2014
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50967 SYZYGY Base question] by [[Ingo Bauer]], [[CCC]], January 19, 2014
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=51134 problem with syzygy tablebases] by [[Youri Matiounine]], [[CCC]], February 01, 2014
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=51159 Performance of Syzygy and Scorpio] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], February 04, 2014 » [[Scorpio Bitbases]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=51421 A question about syzygy] by Enrico Tognoni, [[CCC]], February 26, 2014
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=51426 A question about syzygy 6 men and partial use] by Enrico Tognoni, [[CCC]], February 26, 2014
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=52411 Syzygy on RAM Drive] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], May 23, 2014 » [[Stockfish]], [[Komodo#7|Komodo 7]], [[Houdini|Houdini 4]]
* [http://kirill-kryukov.com/chess/discussion-board/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=7396#p83338 Re: Syzygy tb generator for windows] by [[Ronald de Man|syzygy]], [[Computer Chess Forums|CCRL Discussion Board]], June 01, 2014
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=52522 Question about syzygy bases] by [[Gabor Szots]], [[CCC]], June 02, 2014
* [http://kirill-kryukov.com/chess/discussion-board/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=7618#p83771 Re: 7-piece syzygy] by [[Ronald de Man|syzygy]], [[Computer Chess Forums|CCRL Discussion Board]], July 03, 2014
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=54572 Question on Stockfish and SyzygyCache UCI option] by Erfuk Neuni, [[CCC]], December 07, 2014
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=54636 USB 3 Storage for Syzygy WDL files] by [[Louis Zulli]], [[CCC]], December 13, 2014 » [[Memory#USB3|USB 3.0]]
==2015 ...==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=54928 Komodo 8 - 5-men Syzygy tablebases] by [[Andreas Strangmüller]], [[CCC]], January 10, 2015 » [[Komodo#8|Komodo 8]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=55846 Problem with SF6 and Syzygy TB] by Forrest Hoch, [[CCC]], April 01, 2015 » [[Stockfish]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=56124 SD Syzygy] by [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/profile.php?mode=viewprofile&u=608 Ted Summers], [[CCC]], April 26, 2015
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=56289 5 men Syzygy on USB 3.0 Flash Drive] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], May 09, 2015
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=56363&start=3 Re: how to probe egtb from console?] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], May 15, 2015 » [[python-chess]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=58299 Gull 3 Linux+Syzygy and Fathom released] by [[Basil Falcinelli]], [[CCC]], November 20, 2015 » [[GullChess]], [[Syzygy Bases#Fathom|Fathom]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=58488 Syzygy probing code: DTZ in some cursed endgames off by one?] by [[Niklas Fiekas]], [[CCC]], December 06, 2015
'''2016'''
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=59175&start=4 Re: Squash anyone?] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], February 07, 2016 <ref>[https://scholar.google.de/citations?user=8pKMsLMAAAAJ&hl=en N. Jesper Larsson], [http://findanexpert.unimelb.edu.au/display/person13222 Alistair Moffat] ('''1999'''). ''[http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=789701 Offline Dictionary-Based Compression]''. [http://www.cs.brandeis.edu//~dcc/Programs/Program1999.pdf DCC'99], [http://www.larsson.dogma.net/dcc99.pdf pdf]</ref>
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=59273 My troubles with MultiPV and Syzygy in Stockfish 7] by [[Árpád Rusz]], [[CCC]], February 16, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=59407 Stockfish 7 and partial 6 piece syzygy problem?] by [[Jouni Uski]], [[CCC]], March 01, 2016 » [[Stockfish]]
: [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=59407&start=12 Re: Stockfish 7 and partial 6 piece syzygy problem?] by [[Marco Costalba]], [[CCC]], September 01, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=59463 Arasan Syzygy support (working with Windows, too)] by [[Jon Dart]], [[CCC]], March 10, 2016 » [[Arasan]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=59947 Question to syzygy author] by [[Marco Costalba]], [[CCC]], April 24, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=60054 syzygy question] by [[Robert Hyatt]], [[CCC]], May 04, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=60232 question about syzygy probing] by [[Marco Belli]], [[CCC]], May 21, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=60312 Natural TB] by [[Marco Costalba]], [[CCC]], May 29, 2016 » [[Stockfish]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=60722 syzygy questions] by [[Robert Hyatt]], [[CCC]], July 06, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=60833 How texel probes endgame tablebases] by [[Peter Österlund]], [[CCC]], July 16, 2016 » [[Gaviota Tablebases]], [[Texel]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=60906 Syzygy and draw by repetition] by [[Jon Dart]], [[CCC]], July 22, 2016 » [[Draw]], [[Repetitions]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61324 Syzygy question] by [[J. Wesley Cleveland]], [[CCC]], September 03, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61832 Suicide chess tablebases (stalemated player wins)] by [[Niklas Fiekas]], [[CCC]], October 25, 2016 » [[Losing Chess]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=62340 Syzygy tablebases] by Andy Leese, [[CCC]], December 01, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=62378 Help for Syzygy probe?] by [[Ted Wong]], [[CCC]], December 04, 2016 » [[Syzygy Bases#Fathom|Fathom]]
'''2017'''
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=63652 6-men Syzygy from HDD and USB 3.0] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], April 04, 2017 » [[Komodo]], [[Playing Strength]], [[Memory#USB3|USB 3.0]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=64377 Fathom memory usage] by [[Álvaro Begué]], [[CCC]], June 22, 2017» [[Syzygy Bases#Fathom|Fathom]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=64383 RuyDos with support for syzygy tablebases] by [[Álvaro Begué]], [[CCC]], June 23, 2017 » [[RuyDos]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=60312&start=240 Natural TB (take 2)] by [[Marco Costalba]], [[CCC]], August 22, 2017 » [[Stockfish]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=65284 Probing tablebases through USB 3.0] by [[Jon Fredrik Åsvang]], [[CCC]], September 25, 2017 » [[Memory#USB3|USB 3.0]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=65390 understanding DTZ] by [[Alexandru Mosoi]], [[CCC]], October 06, 2017 » [[Endgame Tablebases#DTZ|DTZ]], [[Syzygy Bases#Fathom|Fathom]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=65713 Is there now coming changes to syzygy databases?] by [[Jouni Uski]], [[CCC]], November 13, 2017 » [[Endgame Tablebases#DTM|DTM]], [[CFish]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=66096 How to Download Syzygy Endgame Tablebase Files] by Daniel Johnson, [[CCC]], December 23, 2017
'''2018'''
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=66754 The history of Syzygy tablebases] by Isaac Haïk Dunn, [[CCC]], March 06, 2018
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=66797 7-men Syzygy attempt] by [[Bojun Guo]], [[CCC]], March 10, 2018
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=66830 Syzygy implementations of top engines] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], March 14, 2018
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=67122 Probing the Syzygy tablebase - beginners question] by Andreas Matthies, [[CCC]], April 16, 2018
=External Links=
==Tablebase==
* [https://github.com/syzygy1/tb syzygy1/tb · GitHub] by [[Ronald de Man]]
* [https://github.com/jromang?tab=repositories jromang · GitHub] by [[Jean-Francois Romang]] has a fork from syzygy1/tb
* [https://github.com/niklasf/python-chess/blob/master/chess/syzygy.py python-chess/syzygy.py at master · niklasf/python-chess · GitHub] by [[Niklas Fiekas]], [[Python]] implementation of probing code » [[python-chess]]
* [https://github.com/niklasf/syzygy-tables.info niklasf/syzygy-tables.info · GitHub] by [[Niklas Fiekas]], [[GUI]] and public API for Syzygy probing
* [https://syzygy-tables.info/ Syzygy endgame tablebases Web Interface] - Syzygy online lookup
* [http://oics.olympuschess.com/tracker/index.php OICS Chess and EGTB Tracker Statistics] by [[Joshua Shriver]] <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BitTorrent BitTorrent from Wikipedia]</ref>
* [http://kirill-kryukov.com/chess/tablebases-online/ Endgame Tablebases Online] by [[Kirill Kryukov]]
* [http://chess.cygnitec.com/tablebases/syzygy/ Index of /tablebases/syzygy (3,4,5)] by [[Franklin Titus|kingliveson]]
* [http://tablebase.sesse.net/ tablebase.sesse.net] by [[Steinar H. Gunderson|Sesse]]
==Fathom==
* [https://github.com/basil00/Fathom GitHub - basil00/Fathom: Syzygy TB probe tool] by [[Basil Falcinelli]]
* [https://github.com/jdart1/Fathom jdart1/Fathom · GitHub] by [[Jon Dart]] (with some bug fixes and enhancements)
==ChessBase==
* [http://en.chessbase.com/post/syzygy-tablebases-newest-fastest-smallest Syzygy Tablebases: newest, fastest, smallest] by [[Albert Silver]], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], February 08, 2015
* [http://en.chessbase.com/post/syzygy-tablebases-maximizing-performance Syzygy tablebases: maximizing performance] by [[Albert Silver]], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], February 10, 2015
* [http://shop.chessbase.com/en/products/endspiel_turbo_4 Endgame Turbo 4] by [[ChessBase]]
==Misc==
* [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/syzygy syzygy - Wiktionary]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syzygy Syzygy (disambiguation) from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syzygy_%28astronomy%29 Syzygy (astronomy) from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syzygy_%28mathematics%29 Syzygy (mathematics) from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caledonian_Antisyzygy Caledonian Antisyzygy from Wikipedia]
* [[Videos#MichaelBrecker|Michael Brecker Band]] - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Brecker_(album) Syzygy], August 16, 1987 at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newport_Jazz_Festival Newport Jazz Festival], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube YouTube] Video
: [[Videos#MichaelBrecker|Michael Brecker]], [[Videos#MikeStern|Mike Stern]], [https://de-de.facebook.com/JeffAndrewsBassPage/ Jeff Andrews], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Nussbaum Adam Nussbaum], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joey_Calderazzo Joey Calderazzo]
: {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lgVxFM7cONQ|alignment=left|valignment=top}}
=References=
<references />
'''[[Endgame Tablebases|Up one level]]'''
