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'''[[Main Page|Home]] * [[Engines]] * Stockfish'''
 
'''[[Main Page|Home]] * [[Engines]] * Stockfish'''
  
[[FILE:stockfish-logo.png|border|right|thumb|link=https://stockfishchess.org/| Stockfish logo <ref>[https://stockfishchess.org/ Stockfish - Open Source Chess Engine], The Stockfish icon was designed by [http://iamkle.in/ Klein Maetschke], [https://stockfishchess.org/about/ About - Stockfish]</ref> ]]  
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[[FILE:stockfish-logo.png|border|right|thumb|| Stockfish logo <ref>The Stockfish icon was designed by [http://iamkle.in/ Klein Maetschke], [https://stockfishchess.org/about/ About - Stockfish]</ref> ]]
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[[FILE:stockfish12-logo.png|border|right|thumb|link=https://stockfishchess.org/| Stockfish 12 logo <ref>[https://stockfishchess.org/ Stockfish - Open Source Chess Engine], The Stockfish 12 icon was designed by [http://iamkle.in/ Klein Maetschke], [https://stockfishchess.org/about/ About - Stockfish]</ref> ]]  
  
 
'''Stockfish''',<br/>
 
'''Stockfish''',<br/>
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* [[Bitboards]] with [[Square Mapping Considerations#LittleEndianRankFileMapping|Little-Endian Rank-File Mapping (LERF)]]
 
* [[Bitboards]] with [[Square Mapping Considerations#LittleEndianRankFileMapping|Little-Endian Rank-File Mapping (LERF)]]
 
* [[Magic Bitboards]]
 
* [[Magic Bitboards]]
: [[BMI2#PEXTBitboards|BMI2 - PEXT Bitboards]] (not recommend for [[AMD]] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryzen Ryzen] <ref>[https://www.reddit.com/r/Amd/comments/60i6er/ryzen_and_bmi2_strange_behavior_and_high_latencies/ Ryzen and BMI2: Strange behavior and high latencies] by DonnieTinyHands, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reddit Reddit], March 20, 2017</ref>)
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: [[BMI2#PEXTBitboards|BMI2 - PEXT Bitboards]] (not recommend for [[AMD]] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryzen Ryzen] <ref>[https://www.reddit.com/r/Amd/comments/60i6er/ryzen_and_bmi2_strange_behavior_and_high_latencies/ Ryzen and BMI2: Strange behavior and high latencies] by DonnieTinyHands, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reddit Reddit], March 20, 2017</ref> prior to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zen_3 Zen 3])
 
* [[Piece-Lists]] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=69364&start=12 Re: piece lists advantage with bit-boards?] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], December 26, 2018</ref>
 
* [[Piece-Lists]] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=69364&start=12 Re: piece lists advantage with bit-boards?] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], December 26, 2018</ref>
 
==[[Search]]==  
 
==[[Search]]==  
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=Release Dates=  
 
=Release Dates=  
* Stockfish 1.0 : November 02, 2008
+
==2008==
* Stockfish 1.01 : November 03, 2008
+
* Stockfish 1.0 - November 02, 2008
* Stockfish 1.1 : December 06, 2008
+
* Stockfish 1.01 - November 03, 2008
* Stockfish 1.1a : December 08, 2008
+
* Stockfish 1.1 - December 06, 2008
* Stockfish 1.2 : December 29, 2008
+
* Stockfish 1.1a - December 08, 2008
* Stockfish 1.3 : May 02, 2009
+
* Stockfish 1.2 - December 29, 2008
* Stockfish 1.3.1 : May 03, 2009
+
==2009==
* Stockfish 1.4 : July 05, 2009
+
* Stockfish 1.3 - May 02, 2009
* Stockfish 1.5 : October 04, 2009
+
* Stockfish 1.3.1 - May 03, 2009
* Stockfish 1.5.1 : October 11, 2009
+
* Stockfish 1.4 - July 05, 2009
* Stockfish 1.6 : December 25, 2009
+
* Stockfish 1.5 - October 04, 2009
* Stockfish 1.6.1 : December 25, 2009
+
* Stockfish 1.5.1 - October 11, 2009
* Stockfish 1.6.2 : December 31, 2009
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* Stockfish 1.6 - December 25, 2009
* Stockfish 1.6.3 : February 02, 2010
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* Stockfish 1.6.1 - December 25, 2009
* Stockfish 1.7 : April 08, 2010
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* Stockfish 1.6.2 - December 31, 2009
* Stockfish 1.7.1 : April 10, 2010
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==2010 ...==
* Stockfish 1.8 : July 02, 2010
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* Stockfish 1.6.3 - February 02, 2010
* Stockfish 1.9 : October 02, 2010
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* Stockfish 1.7 - April 08, 2010
* Stockfish 1.9.1 : October 05, 2010
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* Stockfish 1.7.1 - April 10, 2010
* Stockfish 2.0 : January 01, 2011
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* Stockfish 1.8 - July 02, 2010
* Stockfish 2.0.1 : January 04, 2011
+
* Stockfish 1.9 - October 02, 2010
* Stockfish 2.1 : May 04, 2011
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* Stockfish 1.9.1 - October 05, 2010
* Stockfish 2.1.1 : May 08, 2011
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'''2011'''
* Stockfish 2.2 : December 29, 2011
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* Stockfish 2.0 - January 01, 2011
* Stockfish 2.2.1 : January 06, 2012
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* Stockfish 2.0.1 - January 04, 2011
* Stockfish 2.2.2 : January 14, 2012
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* Stockfish 2.1 - May 04, 2011
* Stockfish 2.3 : September 15, 2012
+
* Stockfish 2.1.1 - May 08, 2011
* Stockfish 2.3.1 : September 22, 2012
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* Stockfish 2.2 - December 29, 2011
* Stockfish 3 : April 30, 2013
+
'''2012'''
* Stockfish 4 : August 20, 2013
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* Stockfish 2.2.1 - January 06, 2012
* Stockfish DD : November 29, 2013
+
* Stockfish 2.2.2 - January 14, 2012
* Stockfish 5 : May 31, 2014
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* Stockfish 2.3 - September 15, 2012
* Stockfish 6 : January 27, 2015
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* Stockfish 2.3.1 - September 22, 2012
* Stockfish 7 : January 02, 2016
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'''2013'''
* Stockfish 8 : November 01, 2016
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* Stockfish 3 - April 30, 2013
* Stockfish 9 : February 01, 2018
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* Stockfish 4 - August 20, 2013
* Stockfish 10 : November 29, 2018
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* Stockfish DD - November 29, 2013
* Stockfish 11 : January 18, 2020
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* Stockfish 5 - May 31, 2014
* [[Stockfish NNUE|Stockfish 12]] : September 02, 2020
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==2015 ...==
 +
* Stockfish 6 - January 27, 2015
 +
* Stockfish 7 - January 02, 2016
 +
* Stockfish 8 - November 01, 2016
 +
* Stockfish 9 - February 01, 2018
 +
* Stockfish 10 - November 29, 2018
 +
==2020 ...==
 +
* Stockfish 11 - January 18, 2020
 +
* [[Stockfish NNUE|Stockfish 12]] - September 02, 2020
 
<span id="ports"></span>
 
<span id="ports"></span>
 
=Ports=  
 
=Ports=  
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* [[Crystal]]
 
* [[Crystal]]
 
* [[DON]]
 
* [[DON]]
 +
* [[Eman]]
 
* [[Houdini]]
 
* [[Houdini]]
 
* [[McBrain]]
 
* [[McBrain]]
* [[Rybka]]
 
 
* [[Sting]]
 
* [[Sting]]
 
* [[SugaR]]
 
* [[SugaR]]
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* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=66793 Elo measurement of contempt in SF in self-play] by [[Michel Van den Bergh]], [[CCC]], March 10, 2018 » [[Contempt Factor|Contempt]], [[Playing Strength]]
 
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=66793 Elo measurement of contempt in SF in self-play] by [[Michel Van den Bergh]], [[CCC]], March 10, 2018 » [[Contempt Factor|Contempt]], [[Playing Strength]]
 
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=66935 Stockfish 180113 - Initial position until depth 65] by [[Andreas Strangmüller]], [[CCC]], March 27, 2018 » [[Initial Position]]
 
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=66935 Stockfish 180113 - Initial position until depth 65] by [[Andreas Strangmüller]], [[CCC]], March 27, 2018 » [[Initial Position]]
 +
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=67932 Stockfish and serious hardware: 384 threads] by [[Jouni Uski]], [[CCC]], July 08, 2018 » [[Thread]]
 
* [https://groups.google.com/d/msg/fishcooking/kJ6vNKyp6h8/zwRnc-i7CwAJ Stockfish 10 - Call for Binaries] by [[Daylen Yang]], [[Computer Chess Forums|FishCooking]], November 29, 2018
 
* [https://groups.google.com/d/msg/fishcooking/kJ6vNKyp6h8/zwRnc-i7CwAJ Stockfish 10 - Call for Binaries] by [[Daylen Yang]], [[Computer Chess Forums|FishCooking]], November 29, 2018
 
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=69364&start=12 Re: piece lists advantage with bit-boards?] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], December 26, 2018 » [[Piece-Lists]], [[asmFish]]
 
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=69364&start=12 Re: piece lists advantage with bit-boards?] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], December 26, 2018 » [[Piece-Lists]], [[asmFish]]
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* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=73273 Stockfish and latest +6 ELO patch!] by [[Jouni Uski]], [[CCC]], March 05, 2020 » [[Distance]], [[Space-Time Tradeoff]] <ref>[https://github.com/official-stockfish/Stockfish/commit/5a7b45eac9dedbf7ebc61d9deb4dd934058d1ca1#diff-4cd6bcdb505b124d7bdc612c4789dc26L57-R59 Use equations for PushAway and PushClose · official-stockfish/Stockfish@5a7b45e · GitHub]</ref>
 
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=73273 Stockfish and latest +6 ELO patch!] by [[Jouni Uski]], [[CCC]], March 05, 2020 » [[Distance]], [[Space-Time Tradeoff]] <ref>[https://github.com/official-stockfish/Stockfish/commit/5a7b45eac9dedbf7ebc61d9deb4dd934058d1ca1#diff-4cd6bcdb505b124d7bdc612c4789dc26L57-R59 Use equations for PushAway and PushClose · official-stockfish/Stockfish@5a7b45e · GitHub]</ref>
 
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=73753 Null move] by [[Robert Pope]], [[CCC]], April 24, 2020 » [[Null Move Pruning]]
 
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=73753 Null move] by [[Robert Pope]], [[CCC]], April 24, 2020 » [[Null Move Pruning]]
 +
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=74037 Stockfish_dev is probably stronger than Sargon 1978 v1.00] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], May 29, 2020 » [[Sargon]]
 
* [http://talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=74059 Stockfish NN release (NNUE)] by [[Henk Drost]], [[CCC]], May 31, 2020 » [[NNUE]], [[Stockfish NNUE]]
 
* [http://talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=74059 Stockfish NN release (NNUE)] by [[Henk Drost]], [[CCC]], May 31, 2020 » [[NNUE]], [[Stockfish NNUE]]
 
* [https://groups.google.com/d/msg/fishcooking/EBKQSrb9I08/5xasTnnSCAAJ stockfishNNUE vs others (TCEC 18 bonus)] by [[Warren D. Smith]], [[Computer Chess Forums|FishCooking]], July 14, 2020
 
* [https://groups.google.com/d/msg/fishcooking/EBKQSrb9I08/5xasTnnSCAAJ stockfishNNUE vs others (TCEC 18 bonus)] by [[Warren D. Smith]], [[Computer Chess Forums|FishCooking]], July 14, 2020
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* [https://groups.google.com/d/msg/fishcooking/yjh1YOxy7nw/rJA6u1ODAAAJ SF NNUE/Classical] by [[Fauzi Akram Dabat|Fauzi]], [[Computer Chess Forums|FishCooking]], October 05, 2020 » [[Stockfish NNUE]]
 
* [https://groups.google.com/d/msg/fishcooking/yjh1YOxy7nw/rJA6u1ODAAAJ SF NNUE/Classical] by [[Fauzi Akram Dabat|Fauzi]], [[Computer Chess Forums|FishCooking]], October 05, 2020 » [[Stockfish NNUE]]
 
* <span id="i486Re"></span>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=63857&start=14 Re: Stockfish bench in i486 & Pentium 75mhz !] by [[Vincent Lejeune]], [[CCC]], October 11, 2020 » [[#i486|Stockfish bench ...]]
 
* <span id="i486Re"></span>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=63857&start=14 Re: Stockfish bench in i486 & Pentium 75mhz !] by [[Vincent Lejeune]], [[CCC]], October 11, 2020 » [[#i486|Stockfish bench ...]]
 +
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=75841&start=8 Re: Raspberry Pi 4 compiled chess engines] by [[Rasmus Althoff]], [[CCC]], November 16, 2020 » [[Raspberry Pi]]
  
 
=External Links=  
 
=External Links=  

Revision as of 23:59, 30 December 2020

Home * Engines * Stockfish

Stockfish logo [1]
Stockfish 12 logo [2]

Stockfish,
an UCI compatible open source chess engine developed by Tord Romstad, Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski and Gary Linscott [3], licensed under the GPL v3.0. Marco forked the project from version 2.1 of Tord's engine Glaurung, first announced by Marco in November 8, 2008 [4], and in early 2009 Joona's Smaug, a further Glaurung 2.2 derivative, was incorporated [5] . Starting out among the top twenty engines, Stockfish has quickly climbed in strength to become the world strongest chess entity as of 2018 - at least concerning the AlphaZero hype [6], public available chess entity. The name "Stockfish" reflects the ancestry of the engine. Tord is Norwegian and Marco Italian, and there is a long history of stockfish trade from Norway to Italy (to Marco's home town of Vicenza, in fact). Stockfish also referred another famous "little fish", the then strongest chess engine Rybka.

In 2011. Marco Costalba and Joona Kiiski stepped down as Stockfish maintainers [7]. From that, the project is being developed and maintained by the Stockfish community. A synergy effect with the Shogi community led to the promising branch of Stockfish NNUE, courtesy of Nodchip, who introduced NNUE to Stockfish in 2019 [8]. On September 02, 2020, Stockfish 12 was released with a huge jump in playing strength due to NNUE and further tuning of the engine as a whole [9].

Science versus Commerce?

There is a wide range of opinions about strong open source chess engines affecting commercial and competitive interests, as well as monetary interests from computer chess users, who obtain a top engine for free. The scientific and social value of strong open-source programs is indisputable. The teamwork effort to share ideas and knowledge to write one of the strongest programs, which everybody may follow and share to learn and play for free, is definitely a challenging and motivating task, gathering both admiration and enviousness. Obviously, professional programmers of commercial chess programs are not that enthusiastic about the development and need to improve further and/or focus more on secondary features or other business concepts like online play and/or user interface issues rather than on pure playing strength.

Also, many hobbyist chess programmers feel in the antagonism as well, not only caused by Stockfish with its highly respected authors, and before by Fruit and slightly Crafty, but from Ippolit and all its successors by pseudonymous authors and disputed origin. The implications on commercial and competitive computer chess are not quite clear, but presumably, the decrease in the number of participants of over the board tournaments will progress and clone suspicions may float like a Sword of Damocles over the scene, whether programmers took ideas too literally or not.

Platforms

Since Stockfish is written in C++, it may be compiled and build for various processors and operating systems such as Android, iOS, Linux, macOS, and Windows. Stockfish for macOS was built by Daylen Yang, who is also responsible for the Stockfish website. Stockfish for iOS was built by Tord Romstad [10].

Fishtest

The Stockfish Testing Framework dubbed Fishtest [11] is a web application written by Gary Linscott [12] [13], based on a SETI@home kind of volunteer computing. Fishtest is mainly written in Python under the Pyramid Application Development Framework [14], and distributes games across different machines to reduce the test latency and increment throughput. Started in early 2013 with Stockfish 3.0, Fishtest has hundreds of contributors, as of June 2018, 1130 testers and 162 developers [15] active in testing ideas and tweaks [16], to make Stockfish the strongest chess entity of the world [17].

Evaluation Guide

Since April 2017 the interactive Stockfish Evaluation Guide is available to explore Stockfish's evaluation with a JavaScript implementation running in a browser [18] . One may enter a FEN string of a position, to get the resulting score of the main evaluation term considering the game phases within its tapered evaluation, and may navigate through the tree of subterms and features with its particular characteristics for the given position [19] .

Tournament Play

Stockfish is top contender of the prestigious Top Chess Engines Competition (TCEC), reaching the superfinals since season 4, and established its world number one status in winning TCECs, leaving its commercial rivals Komodo and Houdini behind. Since season 14 in early 2019, Stockfish competes with the deep learning Leela Chess Zero engines, whose playing strength triggered a motivation boost in the developing community to further improve Stockfish.

GM+Rybka vs. Stockfish

On July 19, 2014, Stockfish 5 played a four game match versus Daniel Naroditsky plus Rybka 3 (2008), 45 minutes plus 30-second increment. Stockfish won 3½ - ½ [20] [21] . A few weeks later the experiment continued with Hikaru Nakamura in Burlingame, California [22] . Supported two games by Rybka 3, Nakamura lost ½ - 1½, two games with pawn odds (Stockfish both Black without h- and b-pawn) ended ½ - 1½ in favour to Stockfish 5 as well. It played the latest development build compiled for OS X running on a 3 GHz 8-Core Mac Pro [23] .

Selected Features

[24]

Board Representation

BMI2 - PEXT Bitboards (not recommend for AMD Ryzen [25] prior to Zen 3)

Search

Evaluation

See also Evaluation Philosophy [28] [29] and NNUE

Misc

SPSA

Release Dates

2008

  • Stockfish 1.0 - November 02, 2008
  • Stockfish 1.01 - November 03, 2008
  • Stockfish 1.1 - December 06, 2008
  • Stockfish 1.1a - December 08, 2008
  • Stockfish 1.2 - December 29, 2008

2009

  • Stockfish 1.3 - May 02, 2009
  • Stockfish 1.3.1 - May 03, 2009
  • Stockfish 1.4 - July 05, 2009
  • Stockfish 1.5 - October 04, 2009
  • Stockfish 1.5.1 - October 11, 2009
  • Stockfish 1.6 - December 25, 2009
  • Stockfish 1.6.1 - December 25, 2009
  • Stockfish 1.6.2 - December 31, 2009

2010 ...

  • Stockfish 1.6.3 - February 02, 2010
  • Stockfish 1.7 - April 08, 2010
  • Stockfish 1.7.1 - April 10, 2010
  • Stockfish 1.8 - July 02, 2010
  • Stockfish 1.9 - October 02, 2010
  • Stockfish 1.9.1 - October 05, 2010

2011

  • Stockfish 2.0 - January 01, 2011
  • Stockfish 2.0.1 - January 04, 2011
  • Stockfish 2.1 - May 04, 2011
  • Stockfish 2.1.1 - May 08, 2011
  • Stockfish 2.2 - December 29, 2011

2012

  • Stockfish 2.2.1 - January 06, 2012
  • Stockfish 2.2.2 - January 14, 2012
  • Stockfish 2.3 - September 15, 2012
  • Stockfish 2.3.1 - September 22, 2012

2013

  • Stockfish 3 - April 30, 2013
  • Stockfish 4 - August 20, 2013
  • Stockfish DD - November 29, 2013
  • Stockfish 5 - May 31, 2014

2015 ...

  • Stockfish 6 - January 27, 2015
  • Stockfish 7 - January 02, 2016
  • Stockfish 8 - November 01, 2016
  • Stockfish 9 - February 01, 2018
  • Stockfish 10 - November 29, 2018

2020 ...

  • Stockfish 11 - January 18, 2020
  • Stockfish 12 - September 02, 2020

Ports

Derivatives

Authors

Elo Progress

of Stockfish in first 10 years [31]

SfElo.png

See also

Publications

Videos

Forum Posts

2008 ...

2009

2010 ...

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015 ...

Explanation for non-expert? by Louis Zulli, CCC, February 16, 2015 » Parallel Search

2016

Re: Stockfish 7 and partial 6 piece syzygy problem? by Marco Costalba, CCC, September 01, 2016

2017

Re: Stockfish bench ...

2018

2019

2020 ...

Re: Stockfish Reverts 5 Recent Patches by Michel Van den Bergh, CCC, February 02, 2020 » SPRT

External Links

Chess engine

Blog

Testing

Creating my first test by Stephane Nicolet

Rating Lists

Matches

Interviews

Misc

References

  1. The Stockfish icon was designed by Klein Maetschke, About - Stockfish
  2. Stockfish - Open Source Chess Engine, The Stockfish 12 icon was designed by Klein Maetschke, About - Stockfish
  3. Stockfish 7 by Joona Kiiski, CCC, January 02, 2016
  4. Stockfish 1.0 by Marco Costalba, CCC, November 02, 2008
  5. Re: Smaug: a new chess engine based on glaurung by Marco Costalba, CCC, March 12, 2009
  6. David Silver, Thomas Hubert, Julian Schrittwieser, Ioannis Antonoglou, Matthew Lai, Arthur Guez, Marc Lanctot, Laurent Sifre, Dharshan Kumaran, Thore Graepel, Timothy Lillicrap, Karen Simonyan, Demis Hassabis (2017). Mastering Chess and Shogi by Self-Play with a General Reinforcement Learning Algorithm. arXiv:1712.01815
  7. Stockfish on github by Marco Costalba, CCC, October 02, 2011
  8. Stockfish NN release (NNUE) by Henk Drost, CCC, May 31, 2020
  9. Stockfish 12, The Stockfish Team, Stockfish Blog, September 02, 2020
  10. About - Stockfish
  11. glinscott/fishtest · GitHub
  12. Get Involved - Stockfish - Powerful Open Source Chess Engine
  13. Fishtest Distributed Testing Framework by Marco Costalba, CCC, May 01, 2013
  14. The Pyramid Web Framework — The Pyramid Web Framework v1.5
  15. Stockfish Testing Framework - Users
  16. Stockfish Testing Framework
  17. Adam's Computer Chess Pages: Stockfish Progression by Adam Hair
  18. Re: How far away are we from deep learning Stockfish, Komodo by Gary, CCC, May 21, 2017
  19. Stockfish Evaluation Guide
  20. Can a GM and Rybka beat Stockfish? by GM Daniel Naroditsky, Chess.com, August 08, 2014
  21. GM and Rybka vs. Stockfish by Robert Maddox, CCC, August 09, 2014
  22. Nakamura vs Stockfish, public match 8/23 by Jesse L, CCC, August 17, 2014
  23. Stockfish Outlasts "Rybkamura" by FM Mike Klein, Chess.com, August 24, 2014
  24. if not mentioned otherwise, based on the sources of Stockfish 6
  25. Ryzen and BMI2: Strange behavior and high latencies by DonnieTinyHands, Reddit, March 20, 2017
  26. Re: piece lists advantage with bit-boards? by Ronald de Man, CCC, December 26, 2018
  27. Re: Stockfish 7 progress by Lucas Braesch, CCC, January 17, 2016
  28. The Art of Evaluation by Tord Romstad, CCC, August 2, 2007
  29. Stockfish Evaluation Guide
  30. exoticorn/stockfish-js · GitHub
  31. Cscuile's Sheets
  32. Part 1 covers Houdini, Rybka, Komodo, Stockfish, Critter, Naum, Chiron and Spike
  33. Who is the Master? from Jean-Marc Alliot's professional website
  34. exoticorn/stockfish-js · GitHub
  35. Delphil 3.3b2 (2334) - Stockfish 030916 (3228), TCEC Season 9 - Rapid, Round 11, September 16, 2016
  36. Use equations for PushAway and PushClose · official-stockfish/Stockfish@5a7b45e · GitHub
  37. An info by Sylwy, CCC, July 25, 2020
  38. Regan's latest: Depth of Satisficing by Carl Lumma, CCC, October 09, 2015

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