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'''[[Main Page|Home]] * [[Engines]] * Stockfish'''
[[FILE:stockfish-logo.png|border|right|thumb|| Stockfish logo <ref>The Stockfish icon was designed by [http://iamkle.in/ Klein Maetschke], [https://stockfishchess.org/about/ About - Stockfish]</ref> ]] [[FILE:stockfish12-logo.png|border|right|thumb|link=https://stockfishchess.org/| Stockfish 12 logo <ref>[https://stockfishchess.org/ Stockfish - Open Source Chess Engine], The Stockfish 12 icon was designed by [http://iamkle.in/ Klein Maetschke], [https://stockfishchess.org/about/ About - Stockfish]</ref> ]]
'''Stockfish''',<br/>
an [[UCI]] compatible [[:Category:Open Source|open source]] chess engine developed by [[Tord Romstad]], [[Marco Costalba]], [[Joona Kiiski]] and [[Gary Linscott]] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=58779 Stockfish 7] by [[Joona Kiiski]], [[CCC]], January 02, 2016</ref>, licensed under the [[Free Software Foundation#GPL|GPL v3.0]]. Marco forked the project from version 2.1 of Tord's engine [[Glaurung]], first announced by Marco in November 8, 2008 <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=24675 Stockfish 1.0] by [[Marco Costalba]], [[CCC]], November 02, 2008</ref>, and in early 2009 Joona's [[Smaug]], a further Glaurung 2.2 derivative, was incorporated <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=26971&start=1 Re: Smaug: a new chess engine based on glaurung] by [[Marco Costalba]], [[CCC]], March 12, 2009</ref> . Starting out among the top twenty engines, Stockfish has quickly climbed in [[Playing Strength|strength]] to become the world strongest chess entity as of 2018 - at least concerning the [[AlphaZero]] hype <ref>[[David Silver]], [[Thomas Hubert]], [[Julian Schrittwieser]], [[Ioannis Antonoglou]], [[Matthew Lai]], [[Arthur Guez]], [[Marc Lanctot]], [[Laurent Sifre]], [[Dharshan Kumaran]], [[Thore Graepel]], [[Timothy Lillicrap]], [[Karen Simonyan]], [[Demis Hassabis]] ('''2017'''). ''Mastering Chess and Shogi by Self-Play with a General Reinforcement Learning Algorithm''. [https://arxiv.org/abs/1712.01815 arXiv:1712.01815]</ref>, public available chess entity. The name "Stockfish" reflects the ancestry of the engine. Tord is Norwegian and Marco Italian, and there is a long history of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockfish stockfish] trade from Norway to Italy (to Marco's home town of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicenza Vicenza], in fact). Stockfish also referred another famous "little fish", the then strongest chess engine [[Rybka]].
In 2011. Marco Costalba and Joona Kiiski stepped down as Stockfish maintainers <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=40610 Stockfish on github] by [[Marco Costalba]], [[CCC]], October 02, 2011</ref>. From that, the project is being developed and maintained by the [[:Category:Stockfish Contributor|Stockfish community]]. A synergy effect with the [[Shogi]] community led to the promising branch of [[Stockfish NNUE]], courtesy of [[Hisayori Noda|Nodchip]], who introduced [[NNUE]] to Stockfish in 2019 <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=74059 Stockfish NN release (NNUE)] by [[Henk Drost]], [[CCC]], May 31, 2020</ref>. On September 02, 2020, '''Stockfish 12''' was released with a huge jump in [[Playing Strength|playing strength]] due to NNUE and further [[Automated Tuning|tuning]] of the engine as a whole <ref>[https://blog.stockfishchess.org/post/628172810852925440/stockfish-12 Stockfish 12], The Stockfish Team, [https://blog.stockfishchess.org/ Stockfish Blog], September 02, 2020</ref>.
=Science versus Commerce?=
=Platforms=
Since Stockfish is written in [[Cpp|C++]], it may be compiled and build for various processors and operating systems such as [[Android]], [[iOS]], [[Linux]], [[Mac OS|OS XmacOS]], and [[Windows]]. Stockfish for [[MacintoshMac OS|macOS]] was built by [[Daylen Yang]], who is also responsible for the Stockfish website. Stockfish for [[iOS]] was built by Tord Romstad <ref>[https://stockfishchess.org/about/ About - Stockfish]</ref>.
<span id="TestingFramework"></span><span id="Fishtest"></span>
=Fishtest=
The Stockfish Testing Framework dubbed '''Fishtest''' <ref>[https://github.com/glinscott/fishtest glinscott/fishtest · GitHub]</ref> is a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_application web application] written by [[Gary Linscott]] <ref>[http://stockfishchess.org/get-involved/ Get Involved - Stockfish - Powerful Open Source Chess Engine]</ref> <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=47885 Fishtest Distributed Testing Framework] by [[Marco Costalba]], [[CCC]], May 01, 2013</ref>, based on a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SETI@home SETI@home] kind of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volunteer_computing volunteer computing].
* [[Bitboards]] with [[Square Mapping Considerations#LittleEndianRankFileMapping|Little-Endian Rank-File Mapping (LERF)]]
* [[Magic Bitboards]]
: [[BMI2#PEXTBitboards|BMI2 - PEXT Bitboards]] (not recommend for [[AMD]] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryzen Ryzen] <ref>[https://www.reddit.com/r/Amd/comments/60i6er/ryzen_and_bmi2_strange_behavior_and_high_latencies/ Ryzen and BMI2: Strange behavior and high latencies] by DonnieTinyHands, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reddit Reddit], March 20, 2017</ref>prior to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zen_3 Zen 3])
* [[Piece-Lists]] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=69364&start=12 Re: piece lists advantage with bit-boards?] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], December 26, 2018</ref>
==[[Search]]==
=Release Dates=
==2008==* Stockfish 1.0 : - November 02, 2008* Stockfish 1.01 : - November 03, 2008* Stockfish 1.1 : - December 06, 2008* Stockfish 1.1a : - December 08, 2008* Stockfish 1.2 : - December 29, 2008==2009==* Stockfish 1.3 : - May 02, 2009* Stockfish 1.3.1 : - May 03, 2009* Stockfish 1.4 : - July 05, 2009* Stockfish 1.5 : - October 04, 2009* Stockfish 1.5.1 : - October 11, 2009* Stockfish 1.6 : - December 25, 2009* Stockfish 1.6.1 : - December 25, 2009* Stockfish 1.6.2 : - December 31, 2009==2010 ...==* Stockfish 1.6.3 : - February 02, 2010* Stockfish 1.7 : - April 08, 2010* Stockfish 1.7.1 : - April 10, 2010* Stockfish 1.8 : - July 02, 2010* Stockfish 1.9 : - October 02, 2010* Stockfish 1.9.1 : - October 05, 2010'''2011'''* Stockfish 2.0 : - January 01, 2011* Stockfish 2.0.1 : - January 04, 2011* Stockfish 2.1 : - May 04, 2011* Stockfish 2.1.1 : - May 08, 2011* Stockfish 2.2 : - December 29, 2011'''2012'''* Stockfish 2.2.1 : - January 06, 2012* Stockfish 2.2.2 : - January 14, 2012* Stockfish 2.3 : - September 15, 2012* Stockfish 2.3.1 : - September 22, 2012'''2013'''* Stockfish 3 : - April 30, 2013* Stockfish 4 : - August 20, 2013* Stockfish DD : - November 29, 2013* Stockfish 5 : - May 31, 2014==2015 ...==* Stockfish 6 : - January 27, 2015* Stockfish 7 : - January 02, 2016* Stockfish 8 : - November 01, 2016* Stockfish 9 : - February 01, 2018* Stockfish 10 : - November 29, 2018==2020 ...==* Stockfish 11 : - January 18, 2020* [[Stockfish NNUE|Stockfish 12]] - September 02, 2020
<span id="ports"></span>
=Ports=
=Derivatives=
* [[Brainfish]]
* [[Crystal]]
* [[DON]]
* [[Eman]]
* [[Houdini]]
* [[McBrain]]
* [[Sting]]
* [[SugaR]]
* [[:Category:Stockfish Contributor|Contributors]]
=Elo progress Progress=of Stockfish in first 10 years<ref>[https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1ZAIuHR6n-5JTxKQc0XUSx1jyUrgVEcj8DNLKA7-urBw/edit#gid=201239930 Cscuile's Sheets]</ref>[[File:SfElo.png|none|border|text-bottom]]
=See also=
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=62822 SF Progression since Fishtest inception] by [[Adam Hair]], [[CCC]], January 14, 2017 » [[Stockfish#Fishtest|Fishtest]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=54697&start=50 Re: Chessprogams with the most chessknowing] by [[Marco Costalba]], [[CCC]], February 19, 2017 » [[Knowledge#SearchVersusEvaluation|Search versus Evaluation]]
* <span id="i486"></span>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=63857 Stockfish bench in i486 & Pentium 75mhz !] by hammerklavier, [[CCC]], April 29, 2017
: [[#i486Re|Re: Stockfish bench ...]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=63903 Symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) scaling - SF8 and K10.4] by [[Andreas Strangmüller]], [[CCC]], May 05, 2017 » [[Lazy SMP]], [[Komodo]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=63967 Symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) scaling - SF8 Contempt=10] by [[Andreas Strangmüller]], [[CCC]], May 13, 2017 » [[SMP]], [[Contempt Factor]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=66793 Elo measurement of contempt in SF in self-play] by [[Michel Van den Bergh]], [[CCC]], March 10, 2018 » [[Contempt Factor|Contempt]], [[Playing Strength]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=66935 Stockfish 180113 - Initial position until depth 65] by [[Andreas Strangmüller]], [[CCC]], March 27, 2018 » [[Initial Position]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=67932 Stockfish and serious hardware: 384 threads] by [[Jouni Uski]], [[CCC]], July 08, 2018 » [[Thread]]
* [https://groups.google.com/d/msg/fishcooking/kJ6vNKyp6h8/zwRnc-i7CwAJ Stockfish 10 - Call for Binaries] by [[Daylen Yang]], [[Computer Chess Forums|FishCooking]], November 29, 2018
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=69364&start=12 Re: piece lists advantage with bit-boards?] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], December 26, 2018 » [[Piece-Lists]], [[asmFish]]
==2020 ...==
* [https://groups.google.com/d/msg/fishcooking/9X3lDH83tlk/DtRtuFMOCAAJ lazy smp behaviour of stockfish] by [[Daniel Shawul]], [[Computer Chess Forums|FishCooking]], January 05, 2020 » [[Lazy SMP]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=72754 The Stockfish of shogi] by [[Larry Kaufman]], [[CCC]], January 07, 2020 » [[NNEUNNUE]], [[Shogi]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=72837 Stockfish 11] by [[Stephane Nicolet]], [[CCC]], January 18, 2020
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=72962 Stockfish Reverts 5 Recent Patches] by Deberger, [[CCC]], February 01, 2020
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=73273 Stockfish and latest +6 ELO patch!] by [[Jouni Uski]], [[CCC]], March 05, 2020 » [[Distance]], [[Space-Time Tradeoff]] <ref>[https://github.com/official-stockfish/Stockfish/commit/5a7b45eac9dedbf7ebc61d9deb4dd934058d1ca1#diff-4cd6bcdb505b124d7bdc612c4789dc26L57-R59 Use equations for PushAway and PushClose · official-stockfish/Stockfish@5a7b45e · GitHub]</ref>
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=73753 Null move] by [[Robert Pope]], [[CCC]], April 24, 2020 » [[Null Move Pruning]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=74037 Stockfish_dev is probably stronger than Sargon 1978 v1.00] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], May 29, 2020 » [[Sargon]]
* [http://talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=74059 Stockfish NN release (NNUE)] by [[Henk Drost]], [[CCC]], May 31, 2020 » [[NNUE]], [[Stockfish NNUE]]
* [https://groups.google.com/d/msg/fishcooking/EBKQSrb9I08/5xasTnnSCAAJ stockfishNNUE vs others (TCEC 18 bonus)] by [[Warren D. Smith]], [[Computer Chess Forums|FishCooking]], July 14, 2020
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=74484 Can the sardine! NNUE clobbers SF] by [[Henk Drost]], [[CCC]], July 16, 2020 » [[Stockfish NNUE]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=74933 The most stupid idea by the Stockfish Team] by Damir, [[CCC]], August 30, 2020 » [[Stockfish NNUE]]
* [https://groups.google.com/d/msg/fishcooking/TJHsiI61yQ4/liQoZ-AzAgAJ Stockfish 12] by [[Joost VandeVondele]], [[Computer Chess Forums|FishCooking]], September 02, 2020
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=74974 Stockfish 12 is released today!] by Nay Lin Tun, [[CCC]], September 02, 2020
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=74978 Stockfish 12 has arrived!] by daniel71, [[CCC]], September 02, 2020
* [https://groups.google.com/d/msg/fishcooking/yjh1YOxy7nw/rJA6u1ODAAAJ SF NNUE/Classical] by [[Fauzi Akram Dabat|Fauzi]], [[Computer Chess Forums|FishCooking]], October 05, 2020 » [[Stockfish NNUE]]
* <span id="i486Re"></span>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=63857&start=14 Re: Stockfish bench in i486 & Pentium 75mhz !] by [[Vincent Lejeune]], [[CCC]], October 11, 2020 » [[#i486|Stockfish bench ...]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=75841&start=8 Re: Raspberry Pi 4 compiled chess engines] by [[Rasmus Althoff]], [[CCC]], November 16, 2020 » [[Raspberry Pi]]
=External Links=
* [https://github.com/zamar zamar · GitHub] by [[Joona Kiiski]]
* [http://abrok.eu/stockfish/ Stockfish Development Versions] hosted by [[Roman Korba]]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockfish_%28chess%29 Stockfish (chess) from Wikipedia]
* [http://www.chess.fortherapy.co.uk/ Arduino & Raspberry PI Chess Computer] running [[Stockfish]] on [[Raspberry Pi]], by [[Max Dobres]] » [[Arduino]], [[Sensory Board]]
* [https://rjlipton.wordpress.com/2016/01/21/a-chess-firewall-at-zero/ A Chess Firewall at Zero?] by [[Kenneth W. Regan|Ken Regan]], [https://rjlipton.wordpress.com/ Gödel's Lost Letter and P=NP], January 21, 2016
* [http://adamsccpages.blogspot.com/p/sf-framework-history.html Adam's Computer Chess Pages: Stockfish Progression] by [[Adam Hair]] » [[Stockfish#Fishtest|Fishtest]]
==Blog==
* [https://blog.stockfishchess.org/ Stockfish Blog]
* [https://blog.stockfishchess.org/post/152699558142/stockfish-8 Stockfish 8], November 01, 2016
* [https://blog.stockfishchess.org/post/180690834147/stockfish-9 Stockfish 9], February 09, 2018
* [https://blog.stockfishchess.org/post/180691011237/stockfish-10 Stockfish 10], December 01, 2018
* [https://blog.stockfishchess.org/post/190398991302/stockfish-11 Stockfish 11], The Stockfish Team, January 15, 2020
* [https://blog.stockfishchess.org/post/625828091343896577/introducing-nnue-evaluation Introducing NNUE Evaluation], August 07, 2020
* [https://blog.stockfishchess.org/post/628172810852925440/stockfish-12 Stockfish 12], The Stockfish Team, September 02, 2020
==Testing==
* [https://stockfishchess.org/get-involved/ Get Involved - Stockfish - Powerful Open Source Chess Engine]
* [https://github.com/zamar/spsa SPSA Tuner for Stockfish Chess Engine] » [[SPSA]]
==Rating Lists==
* [http://www.computerchess.org.uk/ccrl/4040/cgi/compare_engines.cgi?family=Stockfish&print=Rating+list&print=Results+table&print=LOS+table&print=Ponder+hit+table&print=Eval+difference+table&print=Comopp+gamenum+table&print=Overlap+table&print=Score+with+common+opponents Stockfish] from [[CCRL|CCRL 40/4015]]* [http://computerchess.org.uk/ccrl/404/cgi/engine_detailscompare_engines.cgi?family=Stockfish&print=Rating+list&print=Results+table&print=LOS+table&print=Ponder+hit+table&print=DetailsEval+difference+table&each_gameprint=1Comopp+gamenum+table&engprint=Overlap+table&print=Score+with+common+opponents Stockfish%205%2064-bit%204CPU#Stockfish_5_64-bit_4CPU Stockfish 5 64-bit 4CPU] in [[CCRL|CCRL 40/4Blitz]]
==Matches==
* [http://www.chess.com/article/view/how-rybka-and-i-tried-to-beat-the-strongest-chess-computer-in-the-world Can a GM and Rybka beat Stockfish?] by GM [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Naroditsky Daniel Naroditsky], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess.com Chess.com], August 08, 2014 » [[Stockfish#Matches|GM+Rybka vs. Stockfish]]
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