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an [[UCI]] compatible [[:Category:Open Source|open source]] chess engine developed by [[Tord Romstad]], [[Marco Costalba]], [[Joona Kiiski]] and [[Gary Linscott]] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=58779 Stockfish 7] by [[Joona Kiiski]], [[CCC]], January 02, 2016</ref>, licensed under the [[Free Software Foundation#GPL|GPL v3.0]]. Marco forked the project from version 2.1 of Tord's engine [[Glaurung]], first announced by Marco in November 8, 2008 <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=24675 Stockfish 1.0] by [[Marco Costalba]], [[CCC]], November 02, 2008</ref>, and in early 2009 Joona's [[Smaug]], a further Glaurung 2.2 derivative, was incorporated <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=26971&start=1 Re: Smaug: a new chess engine based on glaurung] by [[Marco Costalba]], [[CCC]], March 12, 2009</ref> . Starting out among the top twenty engines, Stockfish has quickly climbed in [[Playing Strength|strength]] to become the world strongest chess entity as of 2018 - at least concerning the [[AlphaZero]] hype <ref>[[David Silver]], [[Thomas Hubert]], [[Julian Schrittwieser]], [[Ioannis Antonoglou]], [[Matthew Lai]], [[Arthur Guez]], [[Marc Lanctot]], [[Laurent Sifre]], [[Dharshan Kumaran]], [[Thore Graepel]], [[Timothy Lillicrap]], [[Karen Simonyan]], [[Demis Hassabis]] ('''2017'''). ''Mastering Chess and Shogi by Self-Play with a General Reinforcement Learning Algorithm''. [https://arxiv.org/abs/1712.01815 arXiv:1712.01815]</ref>, public available chess entity. The name "Stockfish" reflects the ancestry of the engine. Tord is Norwegian and Marco Italian, and there is a long history of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockfish stockfish] trade from Norway to Italy (to Marco's home town of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicenza Vicenza], in fact).
Stockfish also referred another famous "little fish", the then strongest chess engine [[Rybka]].
In 2011 Marco Costalba and Joona Kiiski stepped down as Stockfish maintainers <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=40610 Stockfish on github] by [[Marco Costalba]], [[CCC]], October 02, 2011</ref>. From that, the project is being developed and maintained by the Stockfish community.
=Science versus Commerce?=
There is a wide range of opinions about strong open source chess engines affecting commercial and competitive interests, as well as monetary interests from computer chess users, who obtain a top engine for free. The scientific and social value of strong open -source programs is indisputable. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teamwork teamwork] effort to share ideas and knowledge to write one of the strongest programs, which everybody may follow and share to learn and play for free, is definitely a challenging and motivating task, gathering both admiration and enviousness. Obviously, professional programmers of commercial chess programs are not that enthusiastic about the development, and need to improve further and/or focus more on secondary features or other business concepts like on-line online play and/or [[GUI|user interface]] issues rather than on pure playing strength.
Also , many hobbyist chess programmers feel in the antagonism as well, not only caused by Stockfish with its highly respected authors, and before by [[Fruit]] and slightly [[Crafty]], but from [[Ippolit]] and all its successors by pseudonymous authors and disputed origin. The implications on commercial and competitive computer chess are not quite clear, but presumably , the decrease in the number of participants of over the board [[Tournaments and Matches|tournaments]] will progress and [[Clones:Category:Clone|clone]] suspicions may float like a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damocles Sword of Damocles] over the scene, whether programmers took ideas too literally or not.
=Platforms=
=Tournament Play=
Stockfish is top contender of the prestigious [[TCEC|Thoresen Top Chess Engines Competition (TCEC)]], reaching the superfinals since [[TCEC Season 4|season 4]], and clearly established its world number one status in winning recent TCECs, leaving its commercial rivals [[Komodo]] and [[Houdini]] behind.Since [[TCEC_Season_14#Superfinal|season 14]] in early 2019, Stockfish competes with the [[Deep Learning|deep learning]] [[Leela Chess Zero]] engines, whose [[Playing Strength|playing strength]] triggered a motivation boost in the developing community to further improve Stockfish.
<span id="Matches"></span>
=GM+Rybka vs. Stockfish=
** [[Isolated Pawn]]
** [[Duo Trio Quart (Bitboards)|Phalanx]]
** [[Connected Pawns]]
** [[Passed Pawn]]
* [[King Safety]]
* [[Sting]]
* [[SugaR]]
=Authors=
* [[Marco Costalba]]
* [[Joona Kiiski]]
* [[Gary Linscott]]
* [[Tord Romstad]]
* [[:Category:Stockfish Contributor|Contributors]]
=See also=
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=38760 Stockfish random generator (rkiss.h)] by [[Martin Sedlak]], [[CCC]], Apr 15, 2011 » [[Bob Jenkins]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=39169 futility pruning in stockfish] by [[Engin Üstün]], [[CCC]], May 25, 2011 » [[Futility Pruning]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=39214 Stockfish clones in the AppStore: it's becoming a plague...] by [[Julien Marcel]], [[CCC]], May 28, 2011 » [[:Category:Clone|Clones]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=39346 Root node search in Stockfish] by [[Onno Garms]], [[CCC]], June 12, 2011 » [[Move Ordering]], [[Root]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=40562 Grandmaster prefers Stockfish evals] by [[Albert Silver]], [[CCC]], September 29, 2011
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=53228 GM and Rybka vs. Stockfish] by Robert Maddox, [[CCC]], August 09, 2014 » [[Stockfish#Matches|GM+Rybka vs. Stockfish]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=53315 Nakamura vs Stockfish, public match 8/23] by Jesse L, [[CCC]], August 17, 2014
* [https://groups.google.com/d/msg/fishcooking/6nNXAQQAXOE/FXs2chqDargJ Using the Transposition Table for long searches] by Theodr Elwurtz, [[Computer Chess Forums|FishCooking]], September 22, 2014 » [[Transposition Table]]
* [https://groups.google.com/d/msg/fishcooking/T7OFWxD4LK8/pzurkRQNLjwJ Rule of the square] by [[Mikael Bäckman|Mikael]], [[Computer Chess Forums|FishCooking]], September 24, 2014 » [[Rule of the Square]]
* [https://chesscomputer.tumblr.com/post/98632536555/using-the-stockfish-position-evaluation-score-to/embed Using the Stockfish position evaluation score to predict victory probability] by unavoidablegrain, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumblr Tumblr], September 28, 2014 » [[Pawn Advantage, Win Percentage, and Elo]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=53995 Threads test incl. Stockfish 5 and Komodo 8] by [[Andreas Strangmüller]], [[CCC]], October 09, 2014
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61373&start=2 Re: Beginner's guide to graphical profiling] by [[Marco Costalba]], [[CCC]], September 10, 2016 » [[Profiling]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61444 ELO inflation ha ha ha] by [[Henk van den Belt]], [[CCC]], September 16, 2016 » [[Delphil]], [[Match Statistics]], [[Playing Strength]], [[TCEC Season 9]] <ref>[http://tcec.chessdom.com/archive.php?se=9&rapid&ga=163 Delphil 3.3b2 (2334) - Stockfish 030916 (3228), TCEC Season 9 - Rapid, Round 11], September 16, 2016</ref>
* [https://groups.google.com/d/msg/fishcooking/S_4E_Xs5HaE/mS3VTnuEFgAJ pin-aware see] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[Computer Chess Forums|FishCooking]], September 14, 2016 » [[SEE - The Swap Algorithm]], [[Pin]]
* [https://groups.google.com/d/msg/fishcooking/9mcmjnyqbAQ/S6mDA0QsAAAJ Illegal moves in SEE] by [[Stephane Nicolet]], [[Computer Chess Forums|FishCooking]], September 22, 2016 » [[SEE - The Swap Algorithm]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61601 Stockfish underpromotes much more often than Komodo] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], October 05, 2016 » [[Komodo]], [[Match Statistics]], [[Promotions]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61850 couple of questions about stockfish code ?] by [[Mahmoud Uthman]], [[CCC]], October 26, 2016 » [[SIMD and SWAR Techniques]], [[Tapered Eval]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=71027 Some NUMA data for Stockfish-dev and Cfish-dev] by [[Louis Zulli]], [[CCC]], June 17, 2019 » [[NUMA]], [[CFish]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=71707 Why does stockfish randomise draw evaluations?] by [[Vincent Tang]], [[CCC]], September 01, 2019 » [[Draw]], [[Draw Evaluation]], [[Score#DrawScore|Draw Score]], [[Search with Random Leaf Values]]
* [https://groups.google.com/d/msg/fishcooking/xGM9K7wd5rM/pmx2MVX-BwAJ Help needed testing vectorized Stockfish pawns.cpp...] by [[Nick Pelling]], [[Computer Chess Forums|FishCooking]], September 23, 2019
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=72231 some questions about singular search in Stockfish] by [[Jon Dart]], [[CCC]], November 01, 2019 » [[Singular Extensions]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=72232 "stat score bonus" in stockfish] by [[Vivien Clauzon]], [[CCC]], November 01, 2019
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=72962 Stockfish Reverts 5 Recent Patches] by Deberger, [[CCC]], February 01, 2020
: [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=72962&start=6 Re: Stockfish Reverts 5 Recent Patches] by [[Michel Van den Bergh]], [[CCC]], February 02, 2020 » [[Match Statistics#SPRT|SPRT]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=73273 Stockfish and latest +6 ELO patch!] by [[Jouni Uski]], [[CCC]], March 05, 2020 » [[Distance]], [[Space-Time Tradeoff]] <ref>[https://github.com/official-stockfish/Stockfish/commit/5a7b45eac9dedbf7ebc61d9deb4dd934058d1ca1#diff-4cd6bcdb505b124d7bdc612c4789dc26L57-R59 Use equations for PushAway and PushClose · official-stockfish/Stockfish@5a7b45e · GitHub]</ref>
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=73753 Null move] by [[Robert Pope]], [[CCC]], April 24, 2020 » [[Null Move Pruning]]
* [http://talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=74059 Stockfish NN release (NNUE)] by [[Henk Drost]], [[CCC]], May 31, 2020 » [[Neural Networks]]
=External Links=
==Chess engine==
* [https://stockfishchess.org/ Stockfish - Open Source Chess Engine]
* [https://github.com/official-stockfish/Stockfish official-stockfish/Stockfish · GitHub]
* [https://github.com/zamar zamar · GitHub] by [[Joona Kiiski]]
* [http://abrok.eu/stockfish/ Stockfish Development Versions] hosted by [[Roman Korba]]
* [https://stockfishchess.de/ Stockfish Development Versions for macOS]
* [httphttps://blog.stockfishchess.org/ Stockfish Blog]* [http://twitter.com/stockfishchess stockfishchess] on [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twitter Twitter]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockfish_%28chess%29 Stockfish (chess) from Wikipedia]
* [http://www.chess.fortherapy.co.uk/ Arduino & Raspberry PI Chess Computer] running [[Stockfish]] on [[Raspberry Pi]], by [[Max Dobres]] » [[Arduino]], [[Sensory Board]]
* [https://rjlipton.wordpress.com/2016/01/21/a-chess-firewall-at-zero/ A Chess Firewall at Zero?] by [[Kenneth W. Regan|Ken Regan]], [https://rjlipton.wordpress.com/ Gödel's Lost Letter and P=NP], January 21, 2016
* [http://adamsccpages.blogspot.com/p/sf-framework-history.html Adam's Computer Chess Pages: Stockfish Progression] by [[Adam Hair]] » [[Stockfish#Fishtest|Fishtest]]
==Testing==
* [https://stockfishchess.org/get-involved/ Get Involved - Stockfish - Powerful Open Source Chess Engine]
* [http://tests.stockfishchess.org/tests Stockfish Testing Framework] » [[Stockfish#Fishtest|Fishtest]]
* [https://hxim.github.io/Stockfish-Evaluation-Guide/ Stockfish Evaluation Guide] » [[Stockfish#EvaluationGuide|Stockfish Evaluation Guide]]
* [https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/fishcooking FishCooking - Google Groups] a discussion group for developers and testers of [[Stockfish]] chess engine
* <span id="Support"></span>[http://support.stockfishchess.org/home Welcome - Stockfish Support]
* [https://github.com/glinscott/fishtest GitHub - glinscott/fishtest: Stockfish testing]
: [https://github.com/glinscott/fishtest/wiki/Creating-my-first-test Creating my first test] by [[Stephane Nicolet]]
* [https://github.com/zamar/spsa SPSA Tuner for Stockfish Chess Engine] » [[SPSA]]
==Rating Lists==
* [http://www.computerchess.org.uk/ccrl/4040/cgi/compare_engines.cgi?family=Stockfish&print=Rating+list&print=Results+table&print=LOS+table&print=Ponder+hit+table&print=Eval+difference+table&print=Comopp+gamenum+table&print=Overlap+table&print=Score+with+common+opponents Stockfish] from [[CCRL|CCRL 40/40]]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockfish Stockfish from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lofoten_Stockfish_Museum Lofoten Stockfish Museum from Wikipedia]
* [https://ruthhorowitz.wordpress.com/2012/05/29/postcards-from-the-lofoten-islands/ Postcards from the Lofoten Islands] from [https://ruthhorowitz.wordpress.com/ Giving Up The Ghost], May 29, 2012 » [[Stockfish]] and [[Gull|Gulls]]
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