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'''[[Main Page|Home]] * [[Engines]] * Stockfish'''
[[FILE:stockfish-logo.png|border|right|thumb|link=https://stockfishchess.org/|| Stockfish logo <ref>[https://stockfishchess.org/ Stockfish - Open Source Chess Engine], The Stockfish icon was designed by [http://iamkle.in/ Klein Maetschke], [https://stockfishchess.org/about/ About - Stockfish]</ref> ]]
'''Stockfish''',<br/>
an [[UCI]] compatible [[:Category:Open Source|open source]] chess engine developed by [[Tord Romstad]], [[Marco Costalba]], [[Joona Kiiski]] and [[Gary Linscott]] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=58779 Stockfish 7] by [[Joona Kiiski]], [[CCC]], January 02, 2016</ref>, licensed under the [[Free Software Foundation#GPL|GPL v3.0]]. Marco forked the project from version 2.1 of Tord's engine [[Glaurung]], first announced by Marco in November 8, 2008 <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=24675 Stockfish 1.0] by [[Marco Costalba]], [[CCC]], November 02, 2008</ref> , and in early 2009 Joona's [[Smaug]], a further Glaurung 2.2 derivative, was incorporated <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=26971&start=1 Re: Smaug: a new chess engine based on glaurung] by [[Marco Costalba]], [[CCC]], March 12, 2009</ref> . Starting out among the top twenty engines, Stockfish has quickly climbed in [[Playing Strength|strength]] to become the world strongest chess entity as of 2018 - at least concerning the [[AlphaZero]] hype <ref>[[David Silver]], [[Thomas Hubert]], [[Julian Schrittwieser]], [[Ioannis Antonoglou]], [[Matthew Lai]], [[Arthur Guez]], [[Marc Lanctot]], [[Laurent Sifre]], [[Dharshan Kumaran]], [[Thore Graepel]], [[Timothy Lillicrap]], [[Karen Simonyan]], [[Demis Hassabis]] ('''2017'''). ''Mastering Chess and Shogi by Self-Play with a General Reinforcement Learning Algorithm''. [https://arxiv.org/abs/1712.01815 arXiv:1712.01815]</ref>, public available chess entity. The name "Stockfish" reflects the ancestry of the engine. Tord is Norwegian and Marco Italian, and there is a long history of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockfish stockfish] trade from Norway to Italy (to Marco's home town of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicenza Vicenza], in fact).
Stockfish also referred another famous "little fish", the then strongest chess engine [[Rybka]].
Also many hobbyist chess programmers feel in antagonism as well, not only caused by Stockfish with its highly respected authors, and before by [[Fruit]] and slightly [[Crafty]], but from [[Ippolit]] and all its successors by pseudonymous authors and disputed origin. The implications on commercial and competitive computer chess are not quite clear, but presumably the decrease in number of participants of over the board [[Tournaments and Matches|tournaments]] will progress and [[Clones|clone]] suspicions may float like a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damocles Sword of Damocles] over the scene, whether programmers took ideas too literally or not.
=Platforms=
Since Stockfish is written in [[Cpp|C++]], it may be compiled and build for various processors and operating systems such as [[Android]], [[iOS]], [[Linux]], [[Mac OS|OS X]], and [[Windows]]. Stockfish for [[Macintosh]] was built by [[Daylen Yang]], who is also responsible for the Stockfish website. Stockfish for [[iOS]] was built by Tord Romstad <ref>[https://stockfishchess.org/about/ About - Stockfish]</ref>.
<span id="TestingFramework"></span><span id="Fishtest"></span>
=Fishtest=
=Selected Features=
<ref>if not mentioned otherwise, based on the sources of Stockfish 6</ref>
==[[Board Representation]]==
* [[Bitboards]] with [[Square Mapping Considerations#LittleEndianRankFileMapping|Little-Endian Rank-File Mapping (LERF)]]
* [[Magic Bitboards]]
: [[BMI2#PEXTBitboards|BMI2 - PEXT Bitboards]] (not recommend for [[AMD]] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryzen Ryzen] <ref>[https://www.reddit.com/r/Amd/comments/60i6er/ryzen_and_bmi2_strange_behavior_and_high_latencies/ Ryzen and BMI2: Strange behavior and high latencies] by DonnieTinyHands, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reddit Reddit], March 20, 2017</ref>)
* [[Piece-Lists]]<ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=69364&start=12 Re: piece lists advantage with bit-boards?] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], December 26, 2018</ref>
==[[Search]]==
* [[Iterative Deepening]]
* Stockfish 8 : November 01, 2016
* Stockfish 9 : February 01, 2018
* Stockfish 10 : November 29, 2018
* Stockfish 11 : January 18, 2020
<span id="ports"></span>
=Ports=
* [[DroidFish]]
* [[Portfish]]
* [[Rustfish]]
* [[Stockfish-js]] <ref>[https://github.com/exoticorn/stockfish-js exoticorn/stockfish-js · GitHub]</ref>
<span id="Derivatives"></span>
=See also=
* [[Evaluation Philosophy]]
* [[Glaurung]]
* [[LCZeroLeela Chess Zero]]
* [[Raspberry Turk]]
* [[Arno Nickel]] ('''2012'''). ''[http://www.edition-marco-shop.de/epages/64079634.sf/de_DE/?ObjectPath=/Shops/64079634/Categories/Schachgeschehen/Computerschach Die schöne neue Welt der Schachengines]''. [http://www.zeitschriftschach.de/ SCHACH] 2,3,5,6 2012, [http://www.edition-marco-shop.de/WebRoot/Store14/Shops/64079634/5177/F0A3/C389/D0DD/3A71/C0A8/2935/25F6/Die_schoene_neue_Welt_der_Schachengines.pdf pdf] (German) <ref>Part 1 covers [[Houdini]], [[Rybka]], [[Komodo]], [[Stockfish]], [[Critter]], [[Naum]], [[Chiron]] and [[Spike]]</ref>
* [[Oleg Arenz]] ('''2012'''). ''Monte Carlo Chess''. B.Sc. thesis, [[Darmstadt University of Technology]], advisor [[Johannes Fürnkranz]], [http://www.ke.tu-darmstadt.de/lehre/arbeiten/bachelor/2012/Arenz_Oleg.pdf pdf] » [[Monte-Carlo Tree Search]]
* [[Tamal T. Biswas]], [[Kenneth Wingate Regan|Kenneth W. Regan]] ('''2015'''). ''Quantifying Depth and Complexity of Thinking and Knowledge''. [http://www.icaart.org/EuropeanProjectSpace.aspx?y=2015 ICAART 2015], [http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/~regan/papers/pdf/BiReICAART15CR.pdf pdf]* [[Tamal T. Biswas]], [[Kenneth Wingate Regan|Kenneth W. Regan]] ('''2015'''). ''Measuring Level-K Reasoning, Satisficing, and Human Error in Game-Play Data''. [[IEEE]] [http://www.icmla-conference.org/icmla15/ ICMLA 2015], [http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/~regan/papers/pdf/BiRe15_ICMLA2015.pdf pdf preprint]
* [[Shu Yokoyama]], [[Tomoyuki Kaneko]], [[Tetsuro Tanaka]] ('''2015'''). ''Parameter-Free Tree Style Pipeline in Asynchronous Parallel Game-Tree Search''. [[Advances in Computer Games 14]] , [http://www.graco.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~kaneko/papers/acg2015-yokoyama.pdf pdf] » [[Shu Yokoyama#PGPP|P-GPP]]
* [[Jean-Marc Alliot]] ('''2017'''). ''Who is the Master''? [[ICGA Journal#39_1|ICGA Journal, Vol. 39, No. 1]], [http://www.alliot.fr/CHESS/draft-icga-39-1.pdf draft as pdf] <ref>[http://www.alliot.fr/CHESS/ficga.html.en Who is the Master?] from [[Jean-Marc Alliot|Jean-Marc Alliot's]] [http://www.alliot.fr/fpro.html.en professional website]</ref>
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=49375 How much of Stockfish code is still from Tord Romstad?] by [[Jouni Uski]], [[CCC]], September 16, 2013
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=49439 Syzygy tablebases, work in Stockfish?] by [[Jose Maria Velasco|Jose Mº Velasco]], [[CCC]], September 23, 2013 » [[Syzygy Bases]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=49854 Stockfish search] by [[Harm Geert Muller]], [[CCC]], October 28, 2013 » [[Principal variationVariation]]
* [http://hiarcs.net/forums/viewtopic.php?t=6425 Some food for thought] by [[The Spacious Mind|Spacious Mind]], [[Computer Chess Forums|Hiarcs Forum]], November 11, 2013 » [[Stockfish]] vs. [[ChessMachine|Tasc CM32 512K]] [[The King|The King 2.2]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=50083 Stockfish scaling] by [[Ed Schroder|Ed Schröder]], [[CCC]], November 15, 2013
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=51655 Threads-Test] by [[Andreas Strangmüller]], [[CCC]], March 18, 2014 » [[Thread]], [[Parallel Search]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=51879 Stockfish haswell optimized build] by [[Jean-Francois Romang]], [[CCC]], April 06, 2014 » [[BMI2]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=52117&start=1 Huge simplification] by [[Lyudmil Tsvetkov]], [[CCC]], April 25, 2014 » [[Pawn chainChain]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=52204 Stockfish zero evals] by [[Larry Kaufman]], [[CCC]], May 02, 2014
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=52219 Threads-Test - SF, Zappa, Komodo - 1 vs. 2, 4, 8, 16 Threads] by [[Andreas Strangmüller]], [[CCC]], May 04, 2014 » [[Thread]], [[Stockfish]], [[Zappa]], [[Komodo]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=53995 Threads test incl. Stockfish 5 and Komodo 8] by [[Andreas Strangmüller]], [[CCC]], October 09, 2014
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=54009 Threads test - Stockfish 5 against Komodo 8] by [[Andreas Strangmüller]], [[CCC]], October 10, 2014 » [[Thread]], [[Parallel Search]], [[Stockfish]], [[Komodo]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=54750 Stockfish and accurate PV] by [[Matthew Lai]], [[CCC]], December 25, 2014 » [[Principal variationVariation]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=54798 Stockfish 32-bit and hardware instructions on MSVC++] by [[Syed Fahad]], [[CCC]], December 30, 2014 » [[BitScan]], [[Population Count]]
==2015 ...==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=58887 Threads test incl. Stockfish 7] by [[Andreas Strangmüller]], [[CCC]], January 11, 2016 » [[Thread]], [[Parallel Search]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=58935 Stockfish 7 progress] by Carl Lumma, [[CCC]], January 16, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=58990 Oddity around depths 7-8 with Stockfish 6 & 7] by [[Kenneth Wingate W. Regan|Ken Regan]], [[CCC]], January 21, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=59407 Stockfish 7 and partial 6 piece syzygy problem?] by [[Jouni Uski]], [[CCC]], March 01, 2016
: [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=59407&start=12 Re: Stockfish 7 and partial 6 piece syzygy problem?] by [[Marco Costalba]], [[CCC]], September 01, 2016
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=59543 Computer Chess Progress: Stockfish 7 vs Ruffian 1.0.5] by [[Martin Fierz]], [[CCC]], March 17, 2016 » [[Ruffian]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=60312 Natural TB] by [[Marco Costalba]], [[CCC]], May 29, 2016 » [[Syzygy Bases]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61250 Stockfish eval output] by [[Erin Dame]], [[CCC]], August 27, 2016 » [[Wrong color Color Bishop and rook pawnRook Pawn]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61373&start=2 Re: Beginner's guide to graphical profiling] by [[Marco Costalba]], [[CCC]], September 10, 2016 » [[Profiling]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61444 ELO inflation ha ha ha] by [[Henk van den Belt]], [[CCC]], September 16, 2016 » [[Delphil]], [[Match Statistics]], [[Playing Strength]], [[TCEC Season 9]] <ref>[http://tcec.chessdom.com/archive.php?se=9&rapid&ga=163 Delphil 3.3b2 (2334) - Stockfish 030916 (3228), TCEC Season 9 - Rapid, Round 11], September 16, 2016</ref>
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=65288 Scaling from FGRL results with top 3 engines] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], September 26, 2017 » [[FGRL]], [[Houdini]], [[Komodo]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=65919 AlphaZero vs Stockfish] by Bigler, [[CCC]], December 06, 2017 » [[AlphaZero#StockfishMatch|AlphaZero vs. Stockfish]]
* [https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/fishcooking/AE4EgWQ20dY A branch to test the Monte Carlo algorithm in Stockfish] by [[Stephane Nicolet]], [[Computer Chess Forums|FishCooking]], December 06, 2017 » [[Monte-Carlo Tree Search]], [[AlphaZero]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=65934 Reactions about AlphaZero from top GMs...] by [[Norman Schmidt]], [[CCC]], December 08, 2017 » [[AlphaZero#Reactions|AlphaZero: Reactions From Top GMs, Stockfish Author]], [[Tord Romstad]]
* [https://groups.google.com/d/msg/fishcooking/rMCfc8zMerc/F01WuNtDCgAJ MCTS wrapper for StockFish] by [[Jonathan Baxter]], [[Computer Chess Forums|FishCooking]], December 19, 2017 » [[Monte-Carlo Tree Search]]
'''2018'''==
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=66340 Stockfish 8 - Initial position until depth 59] by [[Andreas Strangmüller]], [[CCC]], January 16, 2018 » [[Initial Position]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=66444 New Stockfish contempt] by [[Jouni Uski]], [[CCC]], January 29, 2018 » [[Contempt Factor]]
* [https://groups.google.com/d/msg/fishcooking/_FW_RIowarw/y1e-qMEXAgAJ Contributors in the last two years] by [[Stephane Nicolet]], [[Computer Chess Forums|FishCooking]], Jnauary 30, 2018
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=66470 Stockfish 9] by [[Marco Costalba]], [[CCC]], February 01, 2018
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=66793 Elo measurement of contempt in SF in self-play] by [[Michel Van den Bergh]], [[CCC]], March 10, 2018 » [[Contempt Factor|Contempt]], [[Playing Strength]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=66935 Stockfish 180113 - Initial position until depth 65] by [[Andreas Strangmüller]], [[CCC]], March 27, 2018 » [[Initial Position]]
* [https://groups.google.com/d/msg/fishcooking/kJ6vNKyp6h8/zwRnc-i7CwAJ Stockfish 10 - Call for Binaries] by [[Daylen Yang]], [[Computer Chess Forums|FishCooking]], November 29, 2018
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=69364&start=12 Re: piece lists advantage with bit-boards?] by [[Ronald de Man]], [[CCC]], December 26, 2018 » [[Piece-Lists]], [[asmFish]]
'''2019'''
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=69507&start=1 Re: What's the best Lazy SMP logic?] by [[Sven Schüle]], [[CCC]], January 06, 2019 » [[Lazy SMP]] in Stockfish
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=70069 Training the trainer: how is it done for Stockfish?] by [[Marc-Philippe Huget]], [[CCC]], March 01, 2019 » [[Monte-Carlo Tree Search]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=71027 Some NUMA data for Stockfish-dev and Cfish-dev] by [[Louis Zulli]], [[CCC]], June 17, 2019 » [[NUMA]], [[CFish]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=71707 Why does stockfish randomise draw evaluations?] by konsolas, [[CCC]], September 01, 2019 » [[Draw]], [[Draw Evaluation]], [[Score#DrawScore|Draw Score]], [[Search with Random Leaf Values]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=72231 some questions about singular search in Stockfish] by [[Jon Dart]], [[CCC]], November 01, 2019 » [[Singular Extensions]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=72232 "stat score bonus" in stockfish] by [[Vivien Clauzon]], [[CCC]], November 01, 2019
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=72480 Stockfish 10 was released 29.11.2018] by [[Jouni Uski]], [[CCC]], December 01, 2019
==2020 ...==
* [https://groups.google.com/d/msg/fishcooking/9X3lDH83tlk/DtRtuFMOCAAJ lazy smp behaviour of stockfish] by [[Daniel Shawul]], [[Computer Chess Forums|FishCooking]], January 05, 2020 » [[Lazy SMP]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=72837 Stockfish 11] by [[Stephane Nicolet]], [[CCC]], January 18, 2020
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=72962 Stockfish Reverts 5 Recent Patches] by Deberger, [[CCC]], February 01, 2020
: [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=72962&start=6 Re: Stockfish Reverts 5 Recent Patches] by [[Michel Van den Bergh]], [[CCC]], February 02, 2020 » [[Match Statistics#SPRT|SPRT]]
=External Links=
* [http://tech.mit.edu/V133/N62/chess.html One chess champion per laptop] by [http://www.mit.edu/~roberto/ Roberto Perez-Franco], [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology|MIT's]] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Tech_%28newspaper%29 The Tech], January 15, 2014 » [[TCEC Season 5]]
* [http://en.chessbase.com/post/john-hartmann-and-then-there-were-two And then there were two] by [http://en.chessbase.com/author/john-hartmann John Hartmann], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], June 09, 2015 » [[Komodo]], [[Stockfish]]
* [https://rjlipton.wordpress.com/2015/10/06/depth-of-satisficing/ Depth of Satisficing] by [[Kenneth Wingate W. Regan|Ken Regan]], [https://rjlipton.wordpress.com/ Gödel's Lost Letter and P=NP], October 06, 2015 » [[Depth]], [[Match Statistics]], [[Pawn Advantage, Win Percentage, and ELOElo]], [[Stockfish]], [[Komodo]] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=57890 Regan's latest: Depth of Satisficing] by Carl Lumma, [[CCC]], October 09, 2015</ref>* [https://rjlipton.wordpress.com/2016/01/21/a-chess-firewall-at-zero/ A Chess Firewall at Zero?] by [[Kenneth Wingate W. Regan|Ken Regan]], [https://rjlipton.wordpress.com/ Gödel's Lost Letter and P=NP], January 21, 2016
* [http://adamsccpages.blogspot.com/p/sf-framework-history.html Adam's Computer Chess Pages: Stockfish Progression] by [[Adam Hair]] » [[Stockfish#Fishtest|Fishtest]]
==Rating Lists==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lofoten_Stockfish_Museum Lofoten Stockfish Museum from Wikipedia]
* [http://www.lofoten-info.no/nfmuseum/history/stockfsh.htm Stockfish] from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwegian_Fishing_Village_Museum Norsk Fiskeværsmuseum], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%85,_Moskenes Å, Moskenes]
* [https://ruthhorowitz.wordpress.com/2012/05/29/postcards-from-the-lofoten-islands/ Postcards from the Lofoten Islands] from [https://ruthhorowitz.wordpress.com/ Giving Up The Ghost], May 29, 2012 » [[Stockfish]] and [[GullChessGull|Gulls]]
=References=
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