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Queen versus Pawn

1,944 bytes added, 11:50, 26 July 2020
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=Rook Pawn on 7th=
The [[Draw|draw]] motive is a [[stalemate|stalemate]] threat, after the defending king blocks its own pawn after a queen check on the neighbouring knight file, so that the attacking king can't come closer.
A [[Distance|Chebyshev Distancedistance]] of at least four to the [[Promotion Square|promotion square]] with a [[Manhattan-Distance|Manhattan distance]] less than eight for the attacking king is necessary to win that game (<span style="background-color: #c0ffc0;">green area below</span>).While implementing this pattern inside a However, there are positions where the attacking king may reduce the distance due to [[Interior Node RecognizerDiscovered Check|interior node recognizerdiscovered check]], one has to take care that with the king in the corner (i.e. black king on a1), the queen has no mate in one (i.e. on c1).
{|| <fentt border="double" style="font-size:24pt">...Q..../......../......../(....)K.../(.....).../(.....).../(pk...).../([k]k...)...</fentt>| <fentt border="double" style="font-size:24pt">.......Q/......../......../(....)K.../(.....).../(.....).../(pk...).../(kkk....)...</fentt>|-| Draw, &#172;([[King|&#9818;]][[Squares|a1]] &and; [[Queen|&#9813;]][[Square Control|&#10503;]][[Squares|c1]])| Win due to [[Discovered Check|discovered check]]|}
<span id="BishopPawn7"></span>
=Bishop Pawn on 7th=
A similar draw motive occurs here with [[stalemateStalemate|stalemate]] after the queen captured the bishop pawn. The <span style="background-color: #c0ffc0;">winning area </span> of the attacking king requires a bit more calculationis depending whether the defending king resides on the [[Pawn Spans|lee-side]] or [[Pawn Spans|luff-side]] . Critical squares for <span id="Lee"></span>==Lee case==The defending king on the [[DistancePawn Spans|lee-side]] is able to threaten [[Stalemate|Chebyshev Distancestalemate]] in the corner. Critical squares are on the same rank neighbouring square on the [[Pawn Spans|luff-side two squares apart ]] (i.e. for black pawn on c2, [[Distance|&#977;(&#9812;,e2)]]d2),and the diagonal neighbouring square on the lee-side one rank back (i.e. for black pawn on c2, b3). Only if the attacking king can reach these squares in one move, it can assist in a [[Checkmate|checkmate]] with the queen - otherwise it is a draw - except the rare cases the attacking king may reduce the [[Distance|&#977;(&#9812;Chebyshev distance]] accordantly,b3)giving [[Discovered Check|discovered check]]). <ref>Lee-case implemented as [[Interior Node Recognizer]] implemented in [[IsiChess]]</ref>* With a <span style="background-color: #c0ffc0;">distance below two</span> to any of these critical squares, the game is won. * A <span style="background-color: #cc80cc;">distance of two</span> to any of these critical squares is not sufficient, if the defending king occupies the corner square (i.e. a1), or the 7th/8th (1st/2nd) rank on the neighbouring knight file (i.e. b1, b2).* A distance of two is required to win the game otherwise
{|| <fentt border="double" style="font-size:24pt">...Q..../......../......../......../(...)K..../(.+...).../(.kp+.).../[k]k(...)...</fentt>| <fentt border="double" style="font-size:24pt">.......Q/......../......../{....}..../(...){K..../(.+...)..}./(.kp+.).../k.(...)...</fentt>|-| Draw, &#172;([[King|&#9818;]][[Squares|a1]] &and; [[Queen|&#9813;]][[Square Control|&#10503;]][[Squares|c1]])| Win due to [[Discovered Check|discovered check]]|} ==Luff case==When the defending king supports its pawn from the "wrong" [[Pawn Spans|luff-side]], including occupying its [[Promotion Square|promotion square]], the <span style="background-color: #c0ffc0;">winning area</span> for the attacking king is enlarged by at least one move, in luff-direction even two moves.The critical luff-side square is now one file farther away (i.e.for black pawn on c2, e2), and one critical square needs to be reached in two moves now, to either transpose to a winning [[#Lee|lee-side case]], or to assist in a checkmate on the luff-side. {|| <fentt border="double" style="font-size:24pt">......../.......}./..Q...../(....)..K./(.kp......)./(.+.....){.}/(..pk+..)./{(..kk.}..).</fentt>| <fentt border="double" style="font-size:24pt">......../......../.......Q/(....)..K./(.......)./(.+.....)./(..pk+..)./(.......).</fentt>| <fentt border="double" style="font-size:24pt">......../......../.......Q/(....)..K./(.......)./(.+.....)./(..p.+..){.}/(..k....).</fentt>|-| Draw| Win due to [[Discovered Check|discovered check]]| Draw since check parried by [[#Lee|Kb1/b2]]|}
=See also=
=Publications=
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuben_Fine Reuben Fine] ('''1941'''). ''[https://archive.org/details/basicchessending00reub Basic Chess Endings]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Bell_%26_Sons Bell & Sons]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuri_Averbakh Yuri Averbakh], Victor Henkin, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitaly_Chekhover Vitaly Chekhover] ('''1986'''). ''Comprehensive Chess Endings 3: Queen Endings''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon_Press Pergamon Press]
* [[Karsten Müller]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Lamprecht Frank Lamprecht] ('''2001'''). ''[http://www.gambitbooks.com/books/Fundamental_Chess_Endings.html Fundamental Chess Endings]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambit_Publications Gambit Publications]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuben_Fine Reuben Fine], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pal_Benko Pal Benko] ('''2003'''). ''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_Chess_Endings Basic Chess Endings]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_McKay_Publications McKay]

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