25,161
edits
Changes
Created page with "'''Home * Engines * Proscha''' '''Proscha''',<br/> a mainframe chess program written in PL/I for the IBM 370 by a team of students of the Uni..."
'''[[Main Page|Home]] * [[Engines]] * Proscha'''
'''Proscha''',<br/>
a mainframe chess program written in [[PL 1|PL/I]] for the [[IBM 370]] by a team of students of the [[University of Dortmund]]. The project was set up end of 1973 as suggested by professor [[Mathematician#VClaus|Volker Claus]]. The team was headed by [[Hagen Huwig]] <ref>[https://www.linkedin.com/in/hansdecker/ Hans Decker] ('''1998'''). ''EinBlick - Ursprünge der Dortmunder Informatik''. [http://www.cs.tu-dortmund.de/nps/de/Home/ueber_uns/Historie_der_Dortmunder_Informatik.pdf pdf]</ref>, with [[Hans-Jürgen Appelrath]], K. Behle, L. Franzen, N. Schulz, R. Schulz, W. Teschers and [[Oliver Vornberger]] as team members <ref>[[Hagen Huwig]] ('''1975'''). ''[http://www.worldcat.org/title/bericht-uber-eine-projektgruppe-mit-dem-thema-schachprogrammierung/oclc/632360799 Bericht über eine Projektgruppe mit dem Thema Schachprogrammierung]''. Bericht Nr. 9, [[University of Dortmund]] (German)</ref>.
The aim was not primarily to write a strong chess program but project and team work, structured programming experience, and correctness of the applied algorithms.
=Description=
A formal [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_theory game theoretic] description based on a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finite-state_machine finite state machine] and pseudo code of a [[Minimax]] implementation was given in [[Hagen Huwig|Hagen Huwig's]] project report <ref>[[Hagen Huwig]] ('''1975'''). ''[http://www.worldcat.org/title/bericht-uber-eine-projektgruppe-mit-dem-thema-schachprogrammierung/oclc/632360799 Bericht über eine Projektgruppe mit dem Thema Schachprogrammierung]''. Bericht Nr. 9, [[University of Dortmund]] (German)</ref>, further elaborating on [[Quiescence Search|quiescence]], aspects of the [[Board Representation|board representation]] using a [[10x12 Board|12x12 board]], [[Move Generation#Legal|legal move generation]], and [[Evaluation|heuristic evaluation]] considering [[Material|material]] with [[Point Value|point values]] of {1,3,3,5,9,200}, [[Pawn Structure|pawn structure]], [[Center Control|center control]] and [[King Safety|king safety]]. [[Alpha-Beta|Alpha-beta]] was not mentioned but [[Pruning|forward pruning]] of a [[Type B Strategy|Shannon Type B program]] based on [[SOMA#Swapoff|swapoff]] and king safety analysis. Largest piece of code was the legal move generator, the whole program consists of about 5000 PL/I statements.
=Game Play=
==Volker Claus==
A few test games were published in the report, self-play, and one test game versus [[Mathematician#VClaus|Volker Claus]], time control 45 minutes for the whole game, played via [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_Sharing_Option TSO]:
<pre>
[Event "Test Game"]
[Site "University of Dortmund"]
[Date "1974"]
[Round "1"]
[White "Volker Claus"]
[Black "Proscha"]
[Result "1-0"]
1.Nc3 d5 2.Nf3 c5 3.d4 e6 4.Bf4 cxd4 5.Nxd4 Nf6 6.e3 Bc5 7.Ndb5 O-O
8.Nc7 Bxe3 9.Be5 Bxf2+ 10.Kxf2 Nc6 11.Bxf6 Qxc7 12.Qg4 g6 13.Qh4 Qb6+
14.Ke2 Qxb2 15.Qh6 Qxc2+ 16.Ke1 Qb2 17.Qg7# 1-0
</pre>
<span id="bugs"></span>
==First GI Computer Chess==
Representing the host university, Proscha played the [[First GI Computer Chess Tournament]] <ref>[http://www.computerwoche.de/a/computer-logik-im-koeniglichen-spiel,1205123 Erstes Computer-Schachturnier der Gesellschaft für Informatik] October 17, 1975, [[Computerworld#Woche|Computerwoche]] 42/1975 (German)</ref> <ref>[[Mathematician#Zumkeller|Reinhard Zumkeller]] ('''1975'''). ''Erstes GI Computer-Schach-Turnier, Dortmund 1975'', Bulletin, including a paper by [[Konrad Zuse]]</ref>, lost from [[Daja]] and [[Samiel]], and won from [[Charlie]].
In one of his algorithm lectures on [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verification_and_validation_%28software%29 verification] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correctness_%28computer_science%29 correctness] <ref>[http://www-lehre.inf.uos.de/~ainf/2014/index.html Vorlesung Algorithmen WS 2014/15], Di, 18.11.2014 Verifikation: partielle Korrektheit, Terminierung, Halteproblem (Algorithmen-Fee), [http://lernfunk.de/media/19518 mp4 video] at 3:00</ref>, [[Oliver Vornberger]] mentioned a [[Engine Testing#bugs|bug]] in Proscha despite it was extensively tested over one year, which appeared exactly during the first round versus [[Daja]], where Proscha captured its own white king with its own white bishop <ref>[[Proscha]] was disrespectful mentioned by [[Daja]] author [[Ludwig Zagler]] as "bastelprogram" (tinker program) in [http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-41238169.html Schach: Die Zugmaschine] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Der_Spiegel Der Spiegel] 16/1976, April 12, 1976 (German)</ref>.
=Publications=
* [[Hagen Huwig]] ('''1975'''). ''[http://www.worldcat.org/title/bericht-uber-eine-projektgruppe-mit-dem-thema-schachprogrammierung/oclc/632360799 Bericht über eine Projektgruppe mit dem Thema Schachprogrammierung]''. Bericht Nr. 9, [[University of Dortmund]] (German)
=External Links=
* [http://www.computerwoche.de/a/computer-logik-im-koeniglichen-spiel,1205123 Erstes Computer-Schachturnier der Gesellschaft für Informatik] October 17, 1975, [[Computerworld#Woche|Computerwoche]] 42/1975 (German)
=References=
<references />
'''[[Engines|Up one Level]]'''
[[Category:Mainframe]]
'''Proscha''',<br/>
a mainframe chess program written in [[PL 1|PL/I]] for the [[IBM 370]] by a team of students of the [[University of Dortmund]]. The project was set up end of 1973 as suggested by professor [[Mathematician#VClaus|Volker Claus]]. The team was headed by [[Hagen Huwig]] <ref>[https://www.linkedin.com/in/hansdecker/ Hans Decker] ('''1998'''). ''EinBlick - Ursprünge der Dortmunder Informatik''. [http://www.cs.tu-dortmund.de/nps/de/Home/ueber_uns/Historie_der_Dortmunder_Informatik.pdf pdf]</ref>, with [[Hans-Jürgen Appelrath]], K. Behle, L. Franzen, N. Schulz, R. Schulz, W. Teschers and [[Oliver Vornberger]] as team members <ref>[[Hagen Huwig]] ('''1975'''). ''[http://www.worldcat.org/title/bericht-uber-eine-projektgruppe-mit-dem-thema-schachprogrammierung/oclc/632360799 Bericht über eine Projektgruppe mit dem Thema Schachprogrammierung]''. Bericht Nr. 9, [[University of Dortmund]] (German)</ref>.
The aim was not primarily to write a strong chess program but project and team work, structured programming experience, and correctness of the applied algorithms.
=Description=
A formal [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_theory game theoretic] description based on a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finite-state_machine finite state machine] and pseudo code of a [[Minimax]] implementation was given in [[Hagen Huwig|Hagen Huwig's]] project report <ref>[[Hagen Huwig]] ('''1975'''). ''[http://www.worldcat.org/title/bericht-uber-eine-projektgruppe-mit-dem-thema-schachprogrammierung/oclc/632360799 Bericht über eine Projektgruppe mit dem Thema Schachprogrammierung]''. Bericht Nr. 9, [[University of Dortmund]] (German)</ref>, further elaborating on [[Quiescence Search|quiescence]], aspects of the [[Board Representation|board representation]] using a [[10x12 Board|12x12 board]], [[Move Generation#Legal|legal move generation]], and [[Evaluation|heuristic evaluation]] considering [[Material|material]] with [[Point Value|point values]] of {1,3,3,5,9,200}, [[Pawn Structure|pawn structure]], [[Center Control|center control]] and [[King Safety|king safety]]. [[Alpha-Beta|Alpha-beta]] was not mentioned but [[Pruning|forward pruning]] of a [[Type B Strategy|Shannon Type B program]] based on [[SOMA#Swapoff|swapoff]] and king safety analysis. Largest piece of code was the legal move generator, the whole program consists of about 5000 PL/I statements.
=Game Play=
==Volker Claus==
A few test games were published in the report, self-play, and one test game versus [[Mathematician#VClaus|Volker Claus]], time control 45 minutes for the whole game, played via [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_Sharing_Option TSO]:
<pre>
[Event "Test Game"]
[Site "University of Dortmund"]
[Date "1974"]
[Round "1"]
[White "Volker Claus"]
[Black "Proscha"]
[Result "1-0"]
1.Nc3 d5 2.Nf3 c5 3.d4 e6 4.Bf4 cxd4 5.Nxd4 Nf6 6.e3 Bc5 7.Ndb5 O-O
8.Nc7 Bxe3 9.Be5 Bxf2+ 10.Kxf2 Nc6 11.Bxf6 Qxc7 12.Qg4 g6 13.Qh4 Qb6+
14.Ke2 Qxb2 15.Qh6 Qxc2+ 16.Ke1 Qb2 17.Qg7# 1-0
</pre>
<span id="bugs"></span>
==First GI Computer Chess==
Representing the host university, Proscha played the [[First GI Computer Chess Tournament]] <ref>[http://www.computerwoche.de/a/computer-logik-im-koeniglichen-spiel,1205123 Erstes Computer-Schachturnier der Gesellschaft für Informatik] October 17, 1975, [[Computerworld#Woche|Computerwoche]] 42/1975 (German)</ref> <ref>[[Mathematician#Zumkeller|Reinhard Zumkeller]] ('''1975'''). ''Erstes GI Computer-Schach-Turnier, Dortmund 1975'', Bulletin, including a paper by [[Konrad Zuse]]</ref>, lost from [[Daja]] and [[Samiel]], and won from [[Charlie]].
In one of his algorithm lectures on [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verification_and_validation_%28software%29 verification] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correctness_%28computer_science%29 correctness] <ref>[http://www-lehre.inf.uos.de/~ainf/2014/index.html Vorlesung Algorithmen WS 2014/15], Di, 18.11.2014 Verifikation: partielle Korrektheit, Terminierung, Halteproblem (Algorithmen-Fee), [http://lernfunk.de/media/19518 mp4 video] at 3:00</ref>, [[Oliver Vornberger]] mentioned a [[Engine Testing#bugs|bug]] in Proscha despite it was extensively tested over one year, which appeared exactly during the first round versus [[Daja]], where Proscha captured its own white king with its own white bishop <ref>[[Proscha]] was disrespectful mentioned by [[Daja]] author [[Ludwig Zagler]] as "bastelprogram" (tinker program) in [http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-41238169.html Schach: Die Zugmaschine] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Der_Spiegel Der Spiegel] 16/1976, April 12, 1976 (German)</ref>.
=Publications=
* [[Hagen Huwig]] ('''1975'''). ''[http://www.worldcat.org/title/bericht-uber-eine-projektgruppe-mit-dem-thema-schachprogrammierung/oclc/632360799 Bericht über eine Projektgruppe mit dem Thema Schachprogrammierung]''. Bericht Nr. 9, [[University of Dortmund]] (German)
=External Links=
* [http://www.computerwoche.de/a/computer-logik-im-koeniglichen-spiel,1205123 Erstes Computer-Schachturnier der Gesellschaft für Informatik] October 17, 1975, [[Computerworld#Woche|Computerwoche]] 42/1975 (German)
=References=
<references />
'''[[Engines|Up one Level]]'''
[[Category:Mainframe]]
