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Pieces
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There are six types of pieces for each side, in total twelve different men. Since only one piece may occupy one [[Squares|square]] at a time, one usually expands the range of piece codes with the Nil-Piece aka empty square, often encoded as zero. Depending on the [[Board Representation|board representation]], some programmers introduce an artificial blocking piece, which surrounds the embedded [[8x8 Board|8x8 boards]] inside a [[10x12 Board|10x12 board]] for cheaper off the board tests in offset [[Move Generation|move generation]].
For cheaper extraction, most programmers prefer distinct coding of piece-types and the color of piece. Quite common is to use three bits to encode the piece-type plus one bit or [[General Setwise Operations#TheTwosComplement|Two's Complement]] (not recommend for languages with zero based array indices, like [[C]], [[Cpp|C++]] or [[Java]]) for the color.
Other programs distinguish not only piece-type and color, but enumerate all 32 pieces from their [[Initial Position|initial position]], which label or code does not change during the course of a game (even after a possible [[Promotions|promotion]] of a pawn) and might be one-to-one associated with the bit-position of a 32-bit [[Piece-Sets|piece set]], and/or are used to index a [[Piece-Lists|piece list]] containing the current [[Squares|square]] the piece resides on.
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==<span id="Unicode"></span>Unicode==
=See also=
* [http://www.fide.com/fide/handbook?id=16&view=category Standards of Chess Equipment and tournament venue for FIDE Tournaments]
* <span id="Pickup"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Phil_Collins_Big_Band Phil Collins Big Band] - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pick_Up_the_Pieces_(Average_White_Band_song) Pick up the pieces], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montreux_Jazz_Festival Montreux Jazz Festival], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_performers_at_the_Montreux_Jazz_Festival#1998 1998], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube YouTube] Video
: feat.: [[:Category:Phil Collins|Phil Collins]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerald_Albright Gerald Albrigth], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sadao_Watanabe_(musician) Sadao Watanabe], [[:Category:Klaus Doldinger|Klaus Doldinger]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_%22Pee_Wee%22_Ellis Pee Wee Ellis], [[:Category:George Duke|George Duke]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Carter_(musician) James Carter], arranged and conducted by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arif_Mardin Arif Mardin]
: {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R9eQkTJZlNk|alignment=left|valignment=top}}