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Created page with "'''Home * People * Peter W. Frey''' FILE:PeterWFrey.jpeg|border|right|thumb|link=https://www.kaggle.com/2233-| Peter W. Frey <ref>[https://www.kaggle.com/..."
'''[[Main Page|Home]] * [[People]] * Peter W. Frey'''
[[FILE:PeterWFrey.jpeg|border|right|thumb|link=https://www.kaggle.com/2233-| Peter W. Frey <ref>[https://www.kaggle.com/2233- Peter W Frey] - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaggle Kaggle]</ref> ]]
'''Peter W. Frey''',<br/>
an American [[Psychology|psychologist]], computer scientist and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Professor_Emeritus Professor Emeritus] at [[Northwestern University]]. At the Department of Psychology at Northwestern his research focused on [[Pattern Recognition|pattern recognition]], [[Learning|machine learning]], computer chess and computer-based decision systems. He is co-founder of ''Pattern Recognition Systems''. Peter W. Frey is editor of and contributor to [[Chess Skill in Man and Machine]] <ref> [[Peter W. Frey]] (ed.) ('''1977'''). [[Chess Skill in Man and Machine]], Springer-Verlag, New York, N.Y. 2nd ed. 1983. ISBN 0-387-90815-3.</ref>, the definitive text on computer chess <ref>[http://www.spacious-mind.com/html/commodore_c64_chess_7_0.html Commodore 64/128 Old Computer Chess Game Collection - Chess 7.0, Approaches to Chess by Peter Frey] hosted by [[The Spacious Mind]]</ref>.
=Brute-force and AI=
During the 70s and 80s, Peter W. Frey researched and wrote on computer chess with further impact on the development. In disagreement with the AI-establishment and their decreasing interest in ([[Brute-Force|brute force]]) computer chess as the former [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drosophila Drosophila] of [[Artificial Intelligence|AI]] <ref>[[Peter W. Frey]] ('''1991'''). ''Memory-Based Expertise: Computer Chess vs. AI''. [[ICGA Journal#14_4|ICCA Journal, Vol. 14, No. 4]]</ref> , and unlike perhaps his colleagues [[Adriaan de Groot|De Groot]] and [[Fernand Gobet|Gobet]], he was an advocate of brute force [[Type A Strategy|Shannon Type-A]] programs. His suggestion to [[David Slate|Slate]] and [[Larry Atkin|Atkin]] triggered some thoughts on the matter, and as a result they dumped selective searching in 1973 in favor of full-width searching in [[Chess (Program)|Chess 4.0]] <ref>[[David Slate]] and [[Larry Atkin]] ('''1977'''). ''CHESS 4.5 - The Northwestern University Chess Program.'' [[Chess Skill in Man and Machine]], reprinted ('''1988''') in [[Computer Chess Compendium]]</ref> .
=Chess 0.5=
In 1978, Peter W. Frey wrote a didactic program in [[Pascal]] along with [[Chess (Program)|Chess]] author [[Larry Atkin]], which was published as [[Chess 0.5]] in [[Byte Magazine]] <ref>[http://www.devili.iki.fi/library/author/1442.en.html Larry R. Atkin Magazine articles]</ref> , and re-published on-line in 2005, available from [http://www.moorecad.com/standardpascal/scottmoore.html Scott A. Moore's] sites <ref>[http://www.moorecad.com/standardpascal/ByteChess.txt Chess 0.5, Release 1 - 2005-05-30]</ref> <ref>[http://www.moorecad.com/standardpascal/Chess05.pas Byte Chess 0.5 source code]</ref>.
<span id="Odin"></span>
=Odin=
{|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| rowspan="2" | Further working with Larry Atkin, Peter W. Frey is co-author of the strong commercial [[Othello]] program ''Odin'' <ref>[http://www.othello.dk/book/index.php/Odin Odin - The Othello Wiki Book Project]</ref> <ref>[http://www.spacious-mind.com/html/commodore_c64_chess_7_0.html Commodore 64/128 Old Computer Chess Game Collection - Chess 7.0] from [[The Spacious Mind]]</ref>, which ran as module in the [[Chafitz Modular Game System]] and the [[Applied Concepts]] [[Great Game Machine]] <ref>[http://www.great-game-machine.com/ Welcome to the Great-Game Machine Workshop]</ref>.
|[[FILE:Three_kings_or_three_gods.jpg|none|border|text-bottom|220px|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trifunctional_hypothesis]]
|-
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odin Odin], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thor Thor] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freyr Freyr] <ref>The Skog Church Tapestry portion possibly depicting Odin, Thor and Freyr or three Christian kings on the 12th century, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trifunctional_hypothesis Trifunctional hypothesis from Wikipedia]</ref>
|}
=See also=
* [[Brute-Force]]
* [[Chess 0.5]]
* [[Chess (Program)|Chess 4.x]]
* [[Cognition]]
* [[Pattern Recognition]]
* [[Psychology]]
=Selected Publications=
<ref>[http://ilk.uvt.nl/icga/journal/docs/References.pdf ICGA Reference Database] (pdf)</ref>
==1976 ...==
* [[Peter W. Frey]], [[Peter Adesman]] ('''1976'''). ''[http://link.springer.com/article/10.3758%2FBF03213216?LI=true#page-1 Recall Memory for Visually Presented Chess Positions]''. [http://www.springer.com/psychology/cognitive+psychology/journal/13421 Memory & Cognition], Vol. 4, No. 5, 541-547
* [[Peter W. Frey]] (ed.) ('''1977'''). ''[[Chess Skill in Man and Machine]]''. Springer, New York, N.Y. 2nd ed. 1983. ISBN 0-387-90815-3.
: [[Peter W. Frey]] ('''1977'''). ''An Introduction to Computer Chess''. [[Chess Skill in Man and Machine]] pp. 54-81
* [[Peter W. Frey]], [[Larry Atkin]] ('''1978'''). ''[http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/full_record.php?iid=doc-431614f6d5ba2 Creating a Chess Player].'' An Essay on Human and Computer Chess Skill, [[Byte Magazine#BYTE310|BYTE, Vol. 3, No. 10]], pp. 182-191. [http://archive.computerhistory.org/projects/chess/related_materials/text/3-3.Creating_A_Chess_Player/Creating_A_Chess_Player.Frey_Atkin.Byte_Magazine.Oct-1978.062303029.pdf pdf] from [[The Computer History Museum]]
* [[Peter W. Frey]], [[Larry Atkin]] ('''1978'''). ''Creating a Chess Player, Part 2: Chess 0.5''. [[Byte Magazine#BYTE311|BYTE, Vol. 3, No. 11]]
* [[Peter W. Frey]], [[Larry Atkin]] ('''1978'''). ''Creating a Chess Player, Part 3: Chess 0.5 (continued)''. [[Byte Magazine#BYTE312|BYTE, Vol. 3, No. 12]]
* [[Peter W. Frey]], [[Larry Atkin]] ('''1979'''). ''[https://archive.org/stream/byte-magazine-1979-01/1979_01_BYTE_04-01_Life_Algorithms#page/n127/mode/2up Creating a Chess-Player, Part 4: Thoughts on Strategy]''. In [http://cs.millersville.edu/~liffick/ Blaise W. Liffick] (ed.), [http://books.google.com/books/about/The_BYTE_book_of_Pascal.html?id=ofpfQgAACAAJ The Byte Book of Pascal], pp. 143-155. Byte Publications, also [[Byte Magazine#BYTE401|BYTE, Vol. 4, No. 1]]
* [[Mathematician#AGottlieb|Allan Gottlieb]], [[Peter W. Frey]], [[David Levy]], [[Johann Joss]] ('''1979'''). Letters on ''Handicapping Computer Chess Programs'', [[ICGA Journal#2_1|ICCA Newsletter, Vol. 2, No. 1]]
==1980 ...==
* [[Peter W. Frey]] ('''1980'''). ''Machine Othello''. [[Personal Computing#4_7|Personal Computing, Vol. 4, No. 7]], pp. 89
* [[Peter W. Frey]] ('''1983'''). ''The Alpha-Beta Algorithm: Incremental Updating, Well-Behaved Evaluation Functions, and Non-Speculative Forward Pruning''. Computer Game-Playing (ed. [[Max Bramer]]), pp. 285-289. Ellis Horwood Limited Publishers, Chichester.
* [[Peter W. Frey]] ('''1983'''). ''An Introduction to Computer Chess''. [[Chess Skill in Man and Machine]] (ed. P.W. Frey), 2nd edition, Springer-Verlag, New York. ISBN 0-387-90790-4.
* [[Peter W. Frey]] ('''1985'''). ''An Empirical Technique for Developing Evaluation Functions''. [[ICGA Journal#8_1|ICCA Journal, Vol. 8, No. 1]]
* [[Peter W. Frey]] ('''1986'''). ''Algorithmic Strategies for Improving the Performance of Game-Playing Programs''. In [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._Doyne_Farmer Doyne Farmer], [[Mathematician#AlanLapedes|Alan Lapedes]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noran_Packard Norman Packard], [[Burton Wendroff]] (Ed.) ('''1986'''). ''Evolution, Games and Learning: Models for Adaptation in Machines and Nature''. Proceedings of the Fifth Annual International Conference of the Center, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elsevier Elsevier]
* [[Peter W. Frey]] ('''1986'''). ''Fuzzy Production Rules in Chess''. [[ICGA Journal#9_4|ICCA Journal, Vol. 9, No. 4]]
* [[Peter W. Frey]] ('''1986'''). ''[https://archive.org/stream/byte-magazine-1986-11/1986_11_BYTE_11-12_Knowledge_Representation#page/n175/mode/2up A Bit-Mapped Classifier]''. [[Byte Magazine#BYTE1112|BYTE, Vol. 11, No. 12]]
==1990 ...==
* [[Peter W. Frey]], [[David Slate]] ('''1991'''). ''[http://www.springerlink.com/content/x83328826p16u32u/ Letter Recognition Using Holland-style Adaptive Classifiers]''. Machine Learning Vol 6 #2 March 91, [http://www.springerlink.com/content/x83328826p16u32u/fulltext.pdf pdf]
* [[Peter W. Frey]] ('''1991'''). ''Memory-Based Expertise: Computer Chess vs. AI''. [[ICGA Journal#14_4|ICCA Journal, Vol. 14, No. 4]]
==2000 ...==
* [[David Slate]], [[Peter W. Frey]] ('''2009'''). ''Recursive Binary Partitioning, Old Dogs with New Tricks'', [http://www.sigkdd.org/kdd2009/index.html KDD Conference 2009], slides as [http://clopinet.com/isabelle/Projects/KDDcup09/Slides/Frey_slides.pdf pdf] <ref>[http://www.kddcup-orange.com/winners.php Results of the KDD cup 2009]</ref>
=External Links=
* [https://www.linkedin.com/in/peter-frey-5016b813/ Peter Frey | LinkedIn]
* [https://www.kaggle.com/2233- Peter W Frey] - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaggle Kaggle]
* [http://www.patrec.com/peter Pattern Recognition - Peter Frey, PhD]
* [http://www.spacious-mind.com/html/commodore_c64_chess_7_0.html Commodore 64/128 Old Computer Chess Game Collection - Chess 7.0, Approaches to Chess by Peter Frey] hosted by [[The Spacious Mind]]
=References=
<references />
'''[[People|Up one level]]'''
[[FILE:PeterWFrey.jpeg|border|right|thumb|link=https://www.kaggle.com/2233-| Peter W. Frey <ref>[https://www.kaggle.com/2233- Peter W Frey] - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaggle Kaggle]</ref> ]]
'''Peter W. Frey''',<br/>
an American [[Psychology|psychologist]], computer scientist and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Professor_Emeritus Professor Emeritus] at [[Northwestern University]]. At the Department of Psychology at Northwestern his research focused on [[Pattern Recognition|pattern recognition]], [[Learning|machine learning]], computer chess and computer-based decision systems. He is co-founder of ''Pattern Recognition Systems''. Peter W. Frey is editor of and contributor to [[Chess Skill in Man and Machine]] <ref> [[Peter W. Frey]] (ed.) ('''1977'''). [[Chess Skill in Man and Machine]], Springer-Verlag, New York, N.Y. 2nd ed. 1983. ISBN 0-387-90815-3.</ref>, the definitive text on computer chess <ref>[http://www.spacious-mind.com/html/commodore_c64_chess_7_0.html Commodore 64/128 Old Computer Chess Game Collection - Chess 7.0, Approaches to Chess by Peter Frey] hosted by [[The Spacious Mind]]</ref>.
=Brute-force and AI=
During the 70s and 80s, Peter W. Frey researched and wrote on computer chess with further impact on the development. In disagreement with the AI-establishment and their decreasing interest in ([[Brute-Force|brute force]]) computer chess as the former [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drosophila Drosophila] of [[Artificial Intelligence|AI]] <ref>[[Peter W. Frey]] ('''1991'''). ''Memory-Based Expertise: Computer Chess vs. AI''. [[ICGA Journal#14_4|ICCA Journal, Vol. 14, No. 4]]</ref> , and unlike perhaps his colleagues [[Adriaan de Groot|De Groot]] and [[Fernand Gobet|Gobet]], he was an advocate of brute force [[Type A Strategy|Shannon Type-A]] programs. His suggestion to [[David Slate|Slate]] and [[Larry Atkin|Atkin]] triggered some thoughts on the matter, and as a result they dumped selective searching in 1973 in favor of full-width searching in [[Chess (Program)|Chess 4.0]] <ref>[[David Slate]] and [[Larry Atkin]] ('''1977'''). ''CHESS 4.5 - The Northwestern University Chess Program.'' [[Chess Skill in Man and Machine]], reprinted ('''1988''') in [[Computer Chess Compendium]]</ref> .
=Chess 0.5=
In 1978, Peter W. Frey wrote a didactic program in [[Pascal]] along with [[Chess (Program)|Chess]] author [[Larry Atkin]], which was published as [[Chess 0.5]] in [[Byte Magazine]] <ref>[http://www.devili.iki.fi/library/author/1442.en.html Larry R. Atkin Magazine articles]</ref> , and re-published on-line in 2005, available from [http://www.moorecad.com/standardpascal/scottmoore.html Scott A. Moore's] sites <ref>[http://www.moorecad.com/standardpascal/ByteChess.txt Chess 0.5, Release 1 - 2005-05-30]</ref> <ref>[http://www.moorecad.com/standardpascal/Chess05.pas Byte Chess 0.5 source code]</ref>.
<span id="Odin"></span>
=Odin=
{|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| rowspan="2" | Further working with Larry Atkin, Peter W. Frey is co-author of the strong commercial [[Othello]] program ''Odin'' <ref>[http://www.othello.dk/book/index.php/Odin Odin - The Othello Wiki Book Project]</ref> <ref>[http://www.spacious-mind.com/html/commodore_c64_chess_7_0.html Commodore 64/128 Old Computer Chess Game Collection - Chess 7.0] from [[The Spacious Mind]]</ref>, which ran as module in the [[Chafitz Modular Game System]] and the [[Applied Concepts]] [[Great Game Machine]] <ref>[http://www.great-game-machine.com/ Welcome to the Great-Game Machine Workshop]</ref>.
|[[FILE:Three_kings_or_three_gods.jpg|none|border|text-bottom|220px|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trifunctional_hypothesis]]
|-
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odin Odin], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thor Thor] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freyr Freyr] <ref>The Skog Church Tapestry portion possibly depicting Odin, Thor and Freyr or three Christian kings on the 12th century, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trifunctional_hypothesis Trifunctional hypothesis from Wikipedia]</ref>
|}
=See also=
* [[Brute-Force]]
* [[Chess 0.5]]
* [[Chess (Program)|Chess 4.x]]
* [[Cognition]]
* [[Pattern Recognition]]
* [[Psychology]]
=Selected Publications=
<ref>[http://ilk.uvt.nl/icga/journal/docs/References.pdf ICGA Reference Database] (pdf)</ref>
==1976 ...==
* [[Peter W. Frey]], [[Peter Adesman]] ('''1976'''). ''[http://link.springer.com/article/10.3758%2FBF03213216?LI=true#page-1 Recall Memory for Visually Presented Chess Positions]''. [http://www.springer.com/psychology/cognitive+psychology/journal/13421 Memory & Cognition], Vol. 4, No. 5, 541-547
* [[Peter W. Frey]] (ed.) ('''1977'''). ''[[Chess Skill in Man and Machine]]''. Springer, New York, N.Y. 2nd ed. 1983. ISBN 0-387-90815-3.
: [[Peter W. Frey]] ('''1977'''). ''An Introduction to Computer Chess''. [[Chess Skill in Man and Machine]] pp. 54-81
* [[Peter W. Frey]], [[Larry Atkin]] ('''1978'''). ''[http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/full_record.php?iid=doc-431614f6d5ba2 Creating a Chess Player].'' An Essay on Human and Computer Chess Skill, [[Byte Magazine#BYTE310|BYTE, Vol. 3, No. 10]], pp. 182-191. [http://archive.computerhistory.org/projects/chess/related_materials/text/3-3.Creating_A_Chess_Player/Creating_A_Chess_Player.Frey_Atkin.Byte_Magazine.Oct-1978.062303029.pdf pdf] from [[The Computer History Museum]]
* [[Peter W. Frey]], [[Larry Atkin]] ('''1978'''). ''Creating a Chess Player, Part 2: Chess 0.5''. [[Byte Magazine#BYTE311|BYTE, Vol. 3, No. 11]]
* [[Peter W. Frey]], [[Larry Atkin]] ('''1978'''). ''Creating a Chess Player, Part 3: Chess 0.5 (continued)''. [[Byte Magazine#BYTE312|BYTE, Vol. 3, No. 12]]
* [[Peter W. Frey]], [[Larry Atkin]] ('''1979'''). ''[https://archive.org/stream/byte-magazine-1979-01/1979_01_BYTE_04-01_Life_Algorithms#page/n127/mode/2up Creating a Chess-Player, Part 4: Thoughts on Strategy]''. In [http://cs.millersville.edu/~liffick/ Blaise W. Liffick] (ed.), [http://books.google.com/books/about/The_BYTE_book_of_Pascal.html?id=ofpfQgAACAAJ The Byte Book of Pascal], pp. 143-155. Byte Publications, also [[Byte Magazine#BYTE401|BYTE, Vol. 4, No. 1]]
* [[Mathematician#AGottlieb|Allan Gottlieb]], [[Peter W. Frey]], [[David Levy]], [[Johann Joss]] ('''1979'''). Letters on ''Handicapping Computer Chess Programs'', [[ICGA Journal#2_1|ICCA Newsletter, Vol. 2, No. 1]]
==1980 ...==
* [[Peter W. Frey]] ('''1980'''). ''Machine Othello''. [[Personal Computing#4_7|Personal Computing, Vol. 4, No. 7]], pp. 89
* [[Peter W. Frey]] ('''1983'''). ''The Alpha-Beta Algorithm: Incremental Updating, Well-Behaved Evaluation Functions, and Non-Speculative Forward Pruning''. Computer Game-Playing (ed. [[Max Bramer]]), pp. 285-289. Ellis Horwood Limited Publishers, Chichester.
* [[Peter W. Frey]] ('''1983'''). ''An Introduction to Computer Chess''. [[Chess Skill in Man and Machine]] (ed. P.W. Frey), 2nd edition, Springer-Verlag, New York. ISBN 0-387-90790-4.
* [[Peter W. Frey]] ('''1985'''). ''An Empirical Technique for Developing Evaluation Functions''. [[ICGA Journal#8_1|ICCA Journal, Vol. 8, No. 1]]
* [[Peter W. Frey]] ('''1986'''). ''Algorithmic Strategies for Improving the Performance of Game-Playing Programs''. In [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._Doyne_Farmer Doyne Farmer], [[Mathematician#AlanLapedes|Alan Lapedes]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noran_Packard Norman Packard], [[Burton Wendroff]] (Ed.) ('''1986'''). ''Evolution, Games and Learning: Models for Adaptation in Machines and Nature''. Proceedings of the Fifth Annual International Conference of the Center, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elsevier Elsevier]
* [[Peter W. Frey]] ('''1986'''). ''Fuzzy Production Rules in Chess''. [[ICGA Journal#9_4|ICCA Journal, Vol. 9, No. 4]]
* [[Peter W. Frey]] ('''1986'''). ''[https://archive.org/stream/byte-magazine-1986-11/1986_11_BYTE_11-12_Knowledge_Representation#page/n175/mode/2up A Bit-Mapped Classifier]''. [[Byte Magazine#BYTE1112|BYTE, Vol. 11, No. 12]]
==1990 ...==
* [[Peter W. Frey]], [[David Slate]] ('''1991'''). ''[http://www.springerlink.com/content/x83328826p16u32u/ Letter Recognition Using Holland-style Adaptive Classifiers]''. Machine Learning Vol 6 #2 March 91, [http://www.springerlink.com/content/x83328826p16u32u/fulltext.pdf pdf]
* [[Peter W. Frey]] ('''1991'''). ''Memory-Based Expertise: Computer Chess vs. AI''. [[ICGA Journal#14_4|ICCA Journal, Vol. 14, No. 4]]
==2000 ...==
* [[David Slate]], [[Peter W. Frey]] ('''2009'''). ''Recursive Binary Partitioning, Old Dogs with New Tricks'', [http://www.sigkdd.org/kdd2009/index.html KDD Conference 2009], slides as [http://clopinet.com/isabelle/Projects/KDDcup09/Slides/Frey_slides.pdf pdf] <ref>[http://www.kddcup-orange.com/winners.php Results of the KDD cup 2009]</ref>
=External Links=
* [https://www.linkedin.com/in/peter-frey-5016b813/ Peter Frey | LinkedIn]
* [https://www.kaggle.com/2233- Peter W Frey] - [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaggle Kaggle]
* [http://www.patrec.com/peter Pattern Recognition - Peter Frey, PhD]
* [http://www.spacious-mind.com/html/commodore_c64_chess_7_0.html Commodore 64/128 Old Computer Chess Game Collection - Chess 7.0, Approaches to Chess by Peter Frey] hosted by [[The Spacious Mind]]
=References=
<references />
'''[[People|Up one level]]'''
