Difference between revisions of "NNUE"

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''see [[:Category:NNUE]]''
 
''see [[:Category:NNUE]]''
  
Being tempted by the success of [[Stockfish NNUE]] and attracted by how easy the method and small the code is, many engine developers have started testing and applying [[NNUE]]. For quick trials and evaluating before going into serious development, some of them borrowed and/or rewrote NNUE code and use networks from Stockfish NNUE. Most of them reported positive results, such as [[David Carteau]] with [[Orion]] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=74828 Orion 0.7 : NNUE experiment] by [[David Carteau]], [[CCC]], August 19, 2020</ref>, [[Ehsan Rashid]] with [[DON]] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=72613&start=320#p856640 Re: New engine releases 2020...Don NNUE 2020?] by supersharp77, [[CCC]], August 19, 2020</ref>, various [[Stockfish#Derivatives|Stockfish derivatives]] by [[Michael Byrne]] <ref>[http://talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=74825 ... the last shall be first ...] by [[Michael Byrne|MikeB]], [[CCC]], 19 Aug 2020</ref>, and [[Volodymyr Shcherbyna]] with [[Igel]] <ref>[http://talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=67890&start=10#p856742 Introducing Igel chess engine] by [[Volodymyr Shcherbyna]], [[CCC]], 20 Aug 2020</ref> using the ''Night Nurse'' NNUE net by [[Dietrich Kappe]] <ref>[http://talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=74837 Night Nurse 0.2] by [[Dietrich Kappe]], [[CCC]], August 19, 2020</ref>. [[Daniel Shawul]] added NNUE support à la [[CFish]] into his [[Scorpio#Bitbases|egbbdll]] probing library of [[Scorpio]] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=75400&start=22 Re: Hacking around CFish NNUE] by [[Daniel Shawul]], [[CCC]], October 15, 2020</ref> <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=75415&start=3 Re: How to scale stockfish NNUE score?] by [[Daniel Shawul]], [[CCC]], October 17, 2020</ref>, making it even easier to use NNUE. The promising engines [[Halogen]] 7 and 8 by [[Kieren Pearson]], and [[Seer]] by [[Connor McMonigle]] came with their own, distinct NNUE implementations, and on November 10, 2020, the commercial [[Dragon by Komodo Chess]] aka [[Komodo]] NNUE appeared <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=75748 Dragon by Komodo Chess] by [[Larry Kaufman]], [[CCC]], November 10, 2020</ref>, trying to close the gap to Stockfish NNUE.
+
Being tempted by the success of [[Stockfish NNUE]] and attracted by how easy the method and small the code is, many engine developers have started testing and applying [[NNUE]]. For quick trials and evaluating before going into serious development, some of them borrowed and/or rewrote NNUE code and use networks from Stockfish NNUE. Most of them reported positive results, such as [[David Carteau]] with [[Orion]] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=74828 Orion 0.7 : NNUE experiment] by [[David Carteau]], [[CCC]], August 19, 2020</ref>, [[Ehsan Rashid]] with [[DON]] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=72613&start=320#p856640 Re: New engine releases 2020...Don NNUE 2020?] by supersharp77, [[CCC]], August 19, 2020</ref>, various [[Stockfish#Derivatives|Stockfish derivatives]] by [[Michael Byrne]] <ref>[http://talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=74825 ... the last shall be first ...] by [[Michael Byrne|MikeB]], [[CCC]], 19 Aug 2020</ref>, and [[Volodymyr Shcherbyna]] with [[Igel]] <ref>[http://talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=67890&start=10#p856742 Introducing Igel chess engine] by [[Volodymyr Shcherbyna]], [[CCC]], 20 Aug 2020</ref> using the ''Night Nurse'' NNUE net by [[Dietrich Kappe]] <ref>[http://talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=74837 Night Nurse 0.2] by [[Dietrich Kappe]], [[CCC]], August 19, 2020</ref>. [[Daniel Shawul]] added NNUE support à la [[CFish]] into his [[Scorpio#Bitbases|egbbdll]] probing library of [[Scorpio]] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=75400&start=22 Re: Hacking around CFish NNUE] by [[Daniel Shawul]], [[CCC]], October 15, 2020</ref> <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=75415&start=3 Re: How to scale stockfish NNUE score?] by [[Daniel Shawul]], [[CCC]], October 17, 2020</ref>, making it even easier to use NNUE. The promising engines [[Halogen]] 7 and 8 by [[Kieren Pearson]], and [[Seer]] by [[Connor McMonigle]] came with their own, distinct NNUE implementations, and on November 10, 2020, the commercial [[Dragon by Komodo Chess]] aka [[Komodo]] NNUE appeared <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=75748 Dragon by Komodo Chess] by [[Larry Kaufman]], [[CCC]], November 10, 2020</ref>, trying to close the gap to Stockfish NNUE. The commercial [[Fat Fritz#Fat Fritz 2|Fat Fritz 2.0]], based on a slightly modified Stockfish 12 using a customized, double sized network, was released by [[ChessBase]] in February 2021.
  
 
=NN Structure=
 
=NN Structure=
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* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=75651 Komodo 14.1 Release and Dragon Announcement] by [[Larry Kaufman]], [[CCC]], November 02, 2020 » [[Komodo]]
 
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=75651 Komodo 14.1 Release and Dragon Announcement] by [[Larry Kaufman]], [[CCC]], November 02, 2020 » [[Komodo]]
 
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=75653 NNUE outer product vs tensor product] by Madeleine Birchfield, [[CCC]], November 02, 2020 <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outer_product Outer product from Wikipedia]</ref> <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensor_product Tensor product from Wikipedia]</ref>
 
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=75653 NNUE outer product vs tensor product] by Madeleine Birchfield, [[CCC]], November 02, 2020 <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outer_product Outer product from Wikipedia]</ref> <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensor_product Tensor product from Wikipedia]</ref>
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=75724 Pytorch NNUE training] by [[Gary Linscott]], [[CCC]], November 08, 2020 <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PyTorch PyTorch from Wikipedia]</ref>
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* <span id="Training"></span>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=75724 Pytorch NNUE training] by [[Gary Linscott]], [[CCC]], November 08, 2020 <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PyTorch PyTorch from Wikipedia]</ref>
 
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=75725 TucaNNo: neural network research] by [[Alcides Schulz]], [[CCC]], November 08, 2020
 
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=75725 TucaNNo: neural network research] by [[Alcides Schulz]], [[CCC]], November 08, 2020
 
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=75748 Dragon by Komodo Chess] by [[Larry Kaufman]], [[CCC]], November 10, 2020 » [[Dragon by Komodo Chess]]
 
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=75748 Dragon by Komodo Chess] by [[Larry Kaufman]], [[CCC]], November 10, 2020 » [[Dragon by Komodo Chess]]
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* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=76190 Dispelling the Myth of NNUE with LazySMP: An Analysis] by [[Andrew Grant]], [[CCC]], December 30, 2020 » [[Lazy SMP]]
 
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=76190 Dispelling the Myth of NNUE with LazySMP: An Analysis] by [[Andrew Grant]], [[CCC]], December 30, 2020 » [[Lazy SMP]]
 
==2021==
 
==2021==
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===January===
 
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=76250 Translation of Yu Nasu's NNUE paper] by [[Dominik Klein]], [[CCC]], January 07, 2021
 
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=76250 Translation of Yu Nasu's NNUE paper] by [[Dominik Klein]], [[CCC]], January 07, 2021
 
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=75724&start=60 Re: Pytorch NNUE training] by [[Gary Linscott]], [[CCC]], January 09, 2021
 
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=75724&start=60 Re: Pytorch NNUE training] by [[Gary Linscott]], [[CCC]], January 09, 2021
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* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=76356 NNUE and game phase] by [[Dann Corbit]], [[CCC]], January 18, 2021 » [[Game Phases]]
 
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=76356 NNUE and game phase] by [[Dann Corbit]], [[CCC]], January 18, 2021 » [[Game Phases]]
 
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=76382 correspondence chess in the age of NNUE] by [[Larry Kaufman]], [[CCC]], January 21, 2021
 
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=76382 correspondence chess in the age of NNUE] by [[Larry Kaufman]], [[CCC]], January 21, 2021
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* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=76386 One for Andrew Grant et al. - NNUE?] by [[Srdja Matovic]], [[CCC]], January 21, 2021
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* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=76437 256 in NNUE?] by Ted Wong, [[CCC]], January 28, 2021
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* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=76446 So what do we miss in the traditional evaluation?] by [[Ferdinand Mosca]], [[CCC]], January 29, 2021 » [[Evaluation]]
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* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=76456 None-GPL NNUE probing code] by [[Daniel Shawul]], [[CCC]], January 31, 2021
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===February===
 +
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=76537 Fat Fritz 2] by [[Jouni Uski]], [[CCC]], February 09, 2021 » [[Fat Fritz#Fat Fritz 2|Fat Fritz 2.0]]
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* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=76552 How much work is it to train an NNUE?] by [[Gabor Szots]], [[CCC]], February 11, 2021
 +
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=76556 HCE and NNUE and vectorisation] by [[Vivien Clauzon]], [[CCC]], February 11, 2021 » [[Minic]]
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* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=76570 nnue reading code] by [[Jon Dart]], [[CCC]], February 13, 2021
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* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=76664 Are neural nets (the weights file) copyrightable?] by [[Adam Treat]], [[CCC]], February 21, 2021
 +
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=76731 My first NNUE nn-f0c1c3cbf2f1.nnue] by [[Michael Byrne|MikeB]], [[CCC]], February 27, 2021
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* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=76742 How to make a double-sized net as good as SF NNUE in a few easy steps] by [[Chris Whittington]], [[CCC]], February 28, 2021 » [[Fat Fritz#Fat Fritz 2|Fat Fritz 2.0]]
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===March===
 +
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=76790 A random walk down NNUE street …] by [[Michael Byrne|MikeB]], [[CCC]], March 06, 2021
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* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=76833 NNUE Research Project] by [[Ed Schroder|Ed Schröder]], [[CCC]], March 10, 2021 » [[Engine Similarity]]
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* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=76840 Simex including NNUE] by jjoshua2, [[CCC]], March 11, 2021 » [[Engine Similarity]]
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* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=76844 NNUE ranking] by Jim Logan, [[CCC]], March 12, 2021 » [[Stockfish NNUE]]
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* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=76892 FEN compression] by lucasart, [[CCC]], March 17, 2021 » [[Forsyth-Edwards Notation]], [[#Training|NNUE Training]]
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* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=76917 Mabigat - hyperparameter optimizer for NNUE net] by [[Ferdinand Mosca]], [[CCC]], March 22, 2021 » [[Automated Tuning]]
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* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=76964 nnue-trainer] by [[Jon Dart]], [[CCC]], March 27, 2021
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* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=76986 Zeta with NNUE on GPU?] by [[Srdja Matovic]], [[CCC]], March 31, 2021 » [[Zeta]], [[GPU]]
  
 
=External Links=
 
=External Links=
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* [http://yaneuraou.yaneu.com/2020/08/21/3-technologies-in-shogi-ai-that-could-be-used-for-chess-ai/ 3 technologies in shogi AI that could be used for chess AI] by [[Motohiro Isozaki]], August 21, 2020 » [[Stockfish NNUE]]
 
* [http://yaneuraou.yaneu.com/2020/08/21/3-technologies-in-shogi-ai-that-could-be-used-for-chess-ai/ 3 technologies in shogi AI that could be used for chess AI] by [[Motohiro Isozaki]], August 21, 2020 » [[Stockfish NNUE]]
 
* [https://www.qhapaq.org/shogi/shogiwiki/stockfish-nnue/ Stockfish NNUE Wiki]
 
* [https://www.qhapaq.org/shogi/shogiwiki/stockfish-nnue/ Stockfish NNUE Wiki]
 +
* [http://rebel13.nl/home/nnue.html nnue | Home of the Dutch Rebel] by [[Ed Schroder|Ed Schröder]]
 +
 +
==NNUE libraries==
 +
Some developers disintegrate and rewrite the Stockfish NNUE code into independent libraries which can be much easier to embed into other chess engines.
 +
* [https://github.com/david-carteau/cerebrum GitHub - david-carteau/cerebrum: The Cerebrum library] by [[David Carteau]] » [[Cerebrum]]
 +
* [https://github.com/dshawul/nncpu-probe GitHub - dshawul/nncpu-probe] by [[Daniel Shawul]]
 +
* [https://github.com/jdart1/nnue GitHub - jdart1/nnue: NNUE reading code for chess] by [[Jon Dart]]
 +
 
==Source Code==
 
==Source Code==
 
* [https://github.com/yaneurao/YaneuraOu GitHub - yaneurao/YaneuraOu: YaneuraOu is the World's Strongest Shogi engine(AI player), WCSC29 1st winner, educational and USI compliant engine]
 
* [https://github.com/yaneurao/YaneuraOu GitHub - yaneurao/YaneuraOu: YaneuraOu is the World's Strongest Shogi engine(AI player), WCSC29 1st winner, educational and USI compliant engine]
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* [https://github.com/nodchip/Stockfish GitHub - nodchip/Stockfish: UCI chess engine] ([[Stockfish NNUE]] by [[Hisayori Noda|Nodchip]])
 
* [https://github.com/nodchip/Stockfish GitHub - nodchip/Stockfish: UCI chess engine] ([[Stockfish NNUE]] by [[Hisayori Noda|Nodchip]])
 
* [https://github.com/dkappe/leela-chess-weights/wiki/A-Leela-NNUE%3F-Night-Nurse-and-Others A Leela NNUE? Night Nurse and Others · dkappe/leela-chess-weights Wiki · GitHub] by [[Dietrich Kappe]]
 
* [https://github.com/dkappe/leela-chess-weights/wiki/A-Leela-NNUE%3F-Night-Nurse-and-Others A Leela NNUE? Night Nurse and Others · dkappe/leela-chess-weights Wiki · GitHub] by [[Dietrich Kappe]]
* [https://github.com/david-carteau/cerebrum GitHub - david-carteau/cerebrum: The Cerebrum library] by [[David Carteau]] » [[Cerebrum]]
 
 
* [https://github.com/DanielUranga/TensorFlowNNUE GitHub - DanielUranga/TensorFlowNNUE] by [[Daniel Uranga]]
 
* [https://github.com/DanielUranga/TensorFlowNNUE GitHub - DanielUranga/TensorFlowNNUE] by [[Daniel Uranga]]
 
* [https://github.com/glinscott/nnue-pytorch GitHub - glinscott/nnue-pytorch: NNUE (Chess evaluation) trainer in Pytorch] by [[Gary Linscott]]  
 
* [https://github.com/glinscott/nnue-pytorch GitHub - glinscott/nnue-pytorch: NNUE (Chess evaluation) trainer in Pytorch] by [[Gary Linscott]]  
 
* [https://github.com/connormcmonigle/seer-nnue GitHub - connormcmonigle/seer-nnue: UCI chess engine using neural networks for position evaluation] by [[Connor McMonigle]] » [[Seer]]
 
* [https://github.com/connormcmonigle/seer-nnue GitHub - connormcmonigle/seer-nnue: UCI chess engine using neural networks for position evaluation] by [[Connor McMonigle]] » [[Seer]]
* [https://github.com/bmdanielsson/nnue-trainer GitHub - bmdanielsson/nnue-trainer: PyTorch trainer for NNUE style neural networks] by [[Martin Danielsson]] » [[Marvin]]
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* [https://github.com/bmdanielsson/nnue-trainer GitHub - bmdanielsson/nnue-trainer: PyTorch trainer for NNUE style neural networks] by [[Martin Danielsson]] » [[Marvin]] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=76964 nnue-trainer] by [[Jon Dart]], [[CCC]], March 27, 2021</ref>
 +
* [https://github.com/fsmosca/Mabigat GitHub - fsmosca/Mabigat: NNUE parameter optimizer] by [[Ferdinand Mosca]] » [[Automated Tuning]]
 
==Misc==
 
==Misc==
 
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nue Nue from Wikipedia]
 
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nue Nue from Wikipedia]

Revision as of 07:26, 3 April 2021

Home * Learning * Neural Networks * NNUE

Toriyama Sekien - Nue (鵺) [1] [2]

NNUE, (ƎUИИ Efficiently Updatable Neural Networks)
a Neural Network architecture intended to replace the evaluation of Shogi, chess and other board game playing alpha-beta searchers running on a CPU. NNUE was introduced in 2018 by Yu Nasu [3], and was used in Shogi adaptations of Stockfish such as YaneuraOu [4], and Kristallweizen [5], apparently with AlphaZero strength [6].

Stockfish NNUE

As reported by Henk Drost [7], Nodchip incorporated NNUE into the chess playing Stockfish 10 as a proof of concept. Stockfish NNUE was born, and in summer 2020 the computer chess community bursts out enthusiastically due to its rapidly raising playing strength with different networks trained using a mixture of supervised and reinforcement learning methods - despite the approximately halved search speed, becoming stronger than its original [8], finally responsible for the huge strength improvement of Stockfish 12.

NNUE Engines

see Category:NNUE

Being tempted by the success of Stockfish NNUE and attracted by how easy the method and small the code is, many engine developers have started testing and applying NNUE. For quick trials and evaluating before going into serious development, some of them borrowed and/or rewrote NNUE code and use networks from Stockfish NNUE. Most of them reported positive results, such as David Carteau with Orion [9], Ehsan Rashid with DON [10], various Stockfish derivatives by Michael Byrne [11], and Volodymyr Shcherbyna with Igel [12] using the Night Nurse NNUE net by Dietrich Kappe [13]. Daniel Shawul added NNUE support à la CFish into his egbbdll probing library of Scorpio [14] [15], making it even easier to use NNUE. The promising engines Halogen 7 and 8 by Kieren Pearson, and Seer by Connor McMonigle came with their own, distinct NNUE implementations, and on November 10, 2020, the commercial Dragon by Komodo Chess aka Komodo NNUE appeared [16], trying to close the gap to Stockfish NNUE. The commercial Fat Fritz 2.0, based on a slightly modified Stockfish 12 using a customized, double sized network, was released by ChessBase in February 2021.

NN Structure

The neural network of Stockfish NNUE consists of four layers, W1 through W4. The input layer W1 is heavily overparametrized, feeding in the board representation for various king configurations. The efficiency of the net is due to incremental update of W1 in make and unmake move, where only a fraction of its neurons need to be recalculated. The remaining three layers with 32x2x256, 32x32 and 32x1 weights are computational less expensive, best calculated using appropriate SIMD instructions like AVX2 on x86-64, or if available, AVX-512.

NNUE.jpg

NNUE structure with incremental update [17]

See also

Publications

Forum Posts

2020

January ...

Re: The Stockfish of shogi by Gian-Carlo Pascutto, CCC, January 18, 2020

July

Re: NNUE accessible explanation by Jonathan Rosenthal, CCC, July 23, 2020
Re: NNUE accessible explanation by Jonathan Rosenthal, CCC, July 24, 2020
Re: NNUE accessible explanation by Jonathan Rosenthal, CCC, August 03, 2020

August

September

Re: First success with neural nets by Jonathan Kreuzer, CCC, November 11, 2020 » Checkers

October

Re: Hacking around CFish NNUE by Daniel Shawul, CCC, October 15, 2020 » Scorpio
Re: How to scale stockfish NNUE score? by Daniel Shawul, CCC, October 17, 2020

November

Re: Speculations about NNUE development (was New engine releases 2020) by Connor McMonigle, CCC, November 12, 2020
Re: Speculations about NNUE development (was New engine releases 2020) by Connor McMonigle, CCC, November 12, 2020 » Dragon by Komodo Chess, Seer, Halogen

December

2021

January

February

March

External Links

NNUE

Learn Next Generation Shogi Thinking Engine, NNUE Function (Part 1. Network Structure) - Computer Shogi
Let's Learn Next Generation Shogi Thinking Engine, NNUE Function (Part 2. Remodeling/Learning) - Computer Shogi

NNUE libraries

Some developers disintegrate and rewrite the Stockfish NNUE code into independent libraries which can be much easier to embed into other chess engines.

Source Code

Misc

References

  1. Nue (鵺) from the Konjaku Gazu Zoku Hyakki (今昔画図続百鬼) by Toriyama Sekien, circa 1779, Wikimedia Commons
  2. Re: What does NNUE actually mean by Henk Drost, CCC, July 29, 2020
  3. Yu Nasu (2018). ƎUИИ Efficiently Updatable Neural-Network based Evaluation Functions for Computer Shogi. Ziosoft Computer Shogi Club, pdf (Japanese with English abstract)
  4. GitHub - yaneurao/YaneuraOu: YaneuraOu is the World's Strongest Shogi engine(AI player), WCSC29 1st winner, educational and USI compliant engine
  5. GitHub - Tama4649/Kristallweizen: 第29回世界コンピュータ将棋選手権 準優勝のKristallweizenです。
  6. The Stockfish of shogi by Larry Kaufman, CCC, January 07, 2020
  7. Stockfish NN release (NNUE) by Henk Drost, CCC, May 31, 2020
  8. Can the sardine! NNUE clobbers SF by Henk Drost, CCC, July 16, 2020
  9. Orion 0.7 : NNUE experiment by David Carteau, CCC, August 19, 2020
  10. Re: New engine releases 2020...Don NNUE 2020? by supersharp77, CCC, August 19, 2020
  11. ... the last shall be first ... by MikeB, CCC, 19 Aug 2020
  12. Introducing Igel chess engine by Volodymyr Shcherbyna, CCC, 20 Aug 2020
  13. Night Nurse 0.2 by Dietrich Kappe, CCC, August 19, 2020
  14. Re: Hacking around CFish NNUE by Daniel Shawul, CCC, October 15, 2020
  15. Re: How to scale stockfish NNUE score? by Daniel Shawul, CCC, October 17, 2020
  16. Dragon by Komodo Chess by Larry Kaufman, CCC, November 10, 2020
  17. Image from Yu Nasu (2018). ƎUИИ Efficiently Updatable Neural-Network based Evaluation Functions for Computer Shogi. Ziosoft Computer Shogi Club, pdf (Japanese with English abstract)
  18. Translation of Yu Nasu's NNUE paper by Dominik Klein, CCC, January 07, 2021
  19. Outer product from Wikipedia
  20. Tensor product from Wikipedia
  21. PyTorch from Wikipedia
  22. TensorFlow from Wikipedia
  23. nnue-trainer by Jon Dart, CCC, March 27, 2021

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