25,161
edits
Changes
no edit summary
'''Murray S. Campbell''',<br/>
a Canadian computer scientist and chess player<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murray_Campbell Murray Campbell from Wikipedia]</ref>, most famous for being member of the [[Deep Blue]] team and beating [[Gary Kasparov]] in 1997. Campbell is actually a research scientist at the [[IBM]] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_J._Watson_Research_Center T. J. Watson Research Center] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yorktown_Heights,_New_York Yorktown Heights, New York].
Murray Campbell got hooked in computer chess at the [[University of Alberta]] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmonton Edmonton], Canada, where he worked with [[Tony Marsland]] on [[Parallel Search|parallel search]] and [[Principal Variation Search|principal variation search]] <ref>[[Tony Marsland]], [[Murray Campbell]] ('''1982'''). ''Parallel Search of Strongly Ordered Game Trees.'' [[ACM#Surveys|ACM Computing Surveys]], Vol. 14, No. 4, [http://www.cs.ualberta.ca/%7Etony/OldPapers/strong.pdf pdf]</ref> <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?topic_view=threads&p=254906&t=26974 Re: PVS] by [[Robert Hyatt]], [[CCC]], March 12, 2009</ref>. He left Canada to enroll at [[Carnegie Mellon University]] (CMU) as a doctoral candidate in computer science. Supported by his advisor [[Hans Berliner]], he developed the [[Chunking|chunking]] [[Pawn Endgame|pawn endgame]] program [[Chunker]], and received his Ph.D. in 1987 for his work on ''chunking as an abstraction mechanism in solving complex problems'' <ref>[[Murray Campbell]] ('''1988'''). ''Chunking as an Abstraction Mechanism''. Ph.D. thesis, [[Carnegie Mellon University]]</ref>. Along with [[Gordon Goetsch]], he researched on the [[Null Move Pruning|null move heuristic]] - none [[Recursion|recursively]] with a modest [[Depth Reduction R|depth reduction]] <ref>[[Gordon Goetsch]], [[Murray Campbell]] ('''1990'''). ''Experiments with the Null-move Heuristic''. [[Computers, Chess, and Cognition]]</ref>.
Campbell was member of the [[HiTech]] team around Berliner, while [[Feng-hsiung Hsu]] and [[Thomas Anantharaman]] were already developing [[ChipTest]], the predecessor of [[Deep Thought]]. In 1986, Murray Campbell left joined the HiTech ChipTest team for ChipTest and Deep Thought, and in 1989, Campbell and Hsu joined [[IBM]] to develop [[Deep Blue]]. Murray Campbell's main function in the Deep Blue team was the development of the [[Evaluation Function|evaluation function]]. He worked closely with the team's chess consultant, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Benjamin Joel Benjamin], in preparing the opening book <ref>[http://www.research.ibm.com/deepblue/meet/html/d.4.3.html Murray Campbell IBM Research Scientist]</ref>.
=Photos=
=Selected Publications=
<ref>[http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/pers/hd/c/Campbell:Murray.html dblp: Murray Campbell]</ref> <ref>[http://ilk.uvt.nl/icga/journal/docs/References.pdf [ICGA Journal#RefDB|ICGA Reference Database] (pdf)]</ref>
==1980 ...==
* [[Tony Marsland]], [[Murray Campbell]], A. L. Rivera ('''1980'''). ''Parallel Search of Game Trees.'' Technical Report TR 80-7, Computing Science Department, [[University of Alberta]], [https://webdocs.cs.ualberta.ca/~tony/TechnicalReports/TR80-7.pdf pdf]
* [[Murray Campbell]] ('''1988'''). ''Chunking as an Abstraction Mechanism''. Ph.D. thesis, [[Carnegie Mellon University]]
* [[Gordon Goetsch]], [[Murray Campbell]] ('''1988'''). ''Experimenting with the Null Move Heuristic in Chess''. [[AAAI]] Spring Symposium Proceedings
* [[Murray Campbell]], [[Feng-hsiung Hsu]], [[Gordon Goetsch]] ('''1988'''). ''[https://content.iospress.com/articles/icga-journal/icg11-2-3-21 Report on the 1988 Fredkin Masters Open]''. [[ICGA Journal#11_23|ICCA Journal, Vol. 11, No. 2-3]]
* [[Thomas Anantharaman]], [[Murray Campbell]], [[Feng-hsiung Hsu]] ('''1988'''). ''Singular extensions: Adding Selectivity to Brute-Force Searching''. [[AAAI]] Spring Symposium, Computer Game Playing, also in [[ICGA Journal#11_4|ICCA Journal, Vol. 11, No. 4]], and ('''1990''') in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_Intelligence_%28journal%29 Artificial Intelligence], Vol. 43, No. 1
* [[Hans Berliner]], [[Gordon Goetsch]], [[Murray Campbell]], [[Carl Ebeling]] ('''1989'''). ''Measuring the Performance Potential of Chess Programs''. [[Advances in Computer Chess 5]]
* [[Feng-hsiung Hsu]], [[Murray Campbell]], [[Joe Hoane]] ('''1995'''). ''Deep Blue System Overview''. International Conference on Supercomputing 240-244
* [[Murray Campbell]] ('''1997'''). ''"An Enjoyable Game": How HAL Plays Chess''. in [https://mitpress.mit.edu/authors/david-g-stork David G. Stork] (ed.), ''[https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/hals-legacy Hal's Legacy - 2001's Computer as Dream and Reality]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIT_Press MIT-Press], [http://web.stanford.edu/class/sts145/Library/campbell.pdf pdf] <ref>[https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=357151 An interesting link] by [[Steven Edwards]], [[CCC]], March 29, 2004</ref> <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HAL_9000 HAL 9000 from Wikipedia]</ref>
* [[Murray Campbell]] ('''1999'''). ''Knowledge Discovery in Deep Blue.'' [[ACM#Communications|Communications of the ACM]], Vol. 42, No. 11* [[Murray Campbell]], [[Joe Hoane]], [[Feng-hsiung Hsu]] ('''1999'''). ''Search Control Methods in Deep Blue''. [[AAAI]] Technical Report SS-99-07, [https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/211d/7268093b4dfce8201e8da321201c6cd349ef.pdf pdf], [https://web.archive.org/web/20160914070926/http: 65//aaaipress.org/Papers/Symposia/Spring/1999/SS-99-07/SS99-07-67004.pdf pdf]
==2000 ...==
* Vijay S. Iyengar, Jon Lee, [[Murray Campbell]] ('''2001'''). '' Evaluating multiple attribute items using queries.'' ACM Conference on Electronic Commerce
* [[Murray Campbell]], [[Joe Hoane]], [[Feng-hsiung Hsu]] ('''2002'''). ''Deep Blue''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_Intelligence_%28journal%29 Artifical Intelligence], Vol. 134, No. 1-2
==2010 ...==
* [[Murray Campbell]] ('''2018'''). ''[http://science.sciencemag.org/content/362/6419/1118 Mastering board games]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_(journal) Science], Vol. 362, No. 6419 » [[AlphaZero]]
=Forum Posts=
* [http://genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu/id.php?id=50402 The Mathematics Genealogy Project - Murray Campbell]
* [https://www.game-ai-forum.org/icga-tournaments/person.php?id=190 Murray Campbell's ICGA Tournaments]
* [http://chesswww-03.ibm.cacom/ibm/history/ibm100/us/en/icons/deepblue/team/campbellIBM100 - Deep Blue -murray Campbell Murray | The Chess Federation of Canada - La Fédération Canadienne des ÉchecsTeam]* [http://ebiquitywww.umbccomputerhistory.eduorg/personchess/html/Murray/Campbellorl-43456387d6cd4/ Oral History of Murray Campbell at University of Maryland], Baltimore County (UMBC)[[The Computer History Museum]], September 08, 2005
* [http://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2007/05/murraycampbell_qa A Decade After Kasparov's Defeat, Deep Blue Coder Relives Victory], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wired_(magazine) Wired News] Interview with Murray Campbell by [http://www.robertandrews.co.uk/ Robert Andrews], May 11, 2007
'''[[People|Up one level]]'''
[[Category:Researcher|Campbell]]
[[Category:Chess Programmer|Campbell]]
[[Category:Chess Player|Campbell]]
[[Category:Oral History|Campbell]]
[[Category:Berliner Quotes|Campbell]]
