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A [[Shura-Bura's Program|chess program]] was already written in developed around 1961 under direction of [[Mikhail R. Shura-Bura]] at the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steklov_Institute_of_Mathematics Steklov Institute of Mathematics] under direction of [[Mikhail R. Shura-Bura]] <ref>[[Jaap van den Herik]] ('''1983'''). ''Computerschaak, Schaakwereld en Kunstmatige Intelligentie''. Ph.D. thesis, [[Delft University of Technology]]. Academic Service, The Hague. ISBN 90 62 33 093 2 (Dutch), 2.2.9. Sjoera-Boera</ref> <ref>[http://www.schachcomputer.at/gesch6.htm Schachcomputer - Geschichte - 6] by [[Karsten Bauermeister]] (German)</ref> <ref>[http://www.dsk1931ev.de/Computerschach/computer.htm Computerschach - ein Überblick] von Mathias Grontzki (German)</ref>, presumably running on a M-20.

==Butenko's ProgramEureka==After [[Mikhail Botvinnik]] introduced his early computer chess ideas concerning [[Attack and Defend Maps|attack maps]] and [[Trajectory|trajectories]] at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess_Centres Moscow Central Chess Club] <ref>[http://en.chessbase.com/home/TabId/211/PostId/4007513 The last day of the “Botvinnik Memorial”] by [http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_Denissowna_Burtassowa Anna Burtasova], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], September 07, 2011</ref> in 1966, with the skeptical [[Georgy Adelson-Velsky]] and others attending, he found [[Vladimir Butenko]] as supporter and collaborator. Butenko first implemented the [[Vector Attacks|15x15 vector attacks]] board representation, [[Distance#15x15|determining trajectories]] on a [[M-20]] computer in a program which apparently was a forerunner of [[Pioneer]], which also evolved to [[Butenko's programEureka]] after he refused further cooperation with Botvinnik in 1970 <ref>[http://atimopheyev.narod.ru/Frame/index.html Лингвистическая Геометрия] Бориса Штильмана, [http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=de&ie=UTF8&prev=_t&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=ru&tl=en&u=http://atimopheyev.narod.ru/Frame/index.html&usg=ALkJrhjGqyvJey-MTGqcGxzMU53Od0Y7VQ Linguistic Geometry] [[Boris Stilman]] by [[Alexander Timofeev]] ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Translate Google Translate])