Difference between revisions of "Kramnik versus Deep Fritz 2002"

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'''Kramnik versus Deep Fritz''',<br/>
 
'''Kramnik versus Deep Fritz''',<br/>
 
a match between [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_World_Chess_Championship_2000 Classical World Chess Champion] [[Vladimir Kramnik]] and one of the world's top rated chess programs at that time, [[Fritz|Deep Fritz 7]] by [[ChessBase]] <ref>[http://de.chessbase.com/post/getestet-und-fr-sehr-gut-befunden-deep-fritz-7-0 Getestet und für sehr gut befunden: Deep Fritz 7.0], [[ChessBase|ChessBase Nachrichten]], October 28, 2002</ref>, held in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manama Manama], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain Bahrain], October 4-19, [[Timeline#2002|2002]]. It was organized by the ''General Organization of Youth and Sports in Bahrain'', held under the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patronage patronage] of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_of_Bahrain King of Bahrain], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majesty His Majesty] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh Sheikh] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamad_bin_Isa_Al_Khalifa Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa] <ref>[[Karsten Müller]] ('''2002'''). ''The Clash of the Titans: Kramnik – Fritz Bahrain''. [[ICGA Journal#25_4|ICGA Journal, Vol. 25, No. 4]]</ref>. Dubbed as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brains_in_Bahrain Brains in Bahrain], the eight game match ended in a 4-4 tie with two wins each and four draws. It was not sanctioned by [[ICGA]] or [[FIDE]] as ''Man vs. Machine World Championship'' - opposed to the upcoming [[Kasparov versus Deep Junior 2003]] match.
 
a match between [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_World_Chess_Championship_2000 Classical World Chess Champion] [[Vladimir Kramnik]] and one of the world's top rated chess programs at that time, [[Fritz|Deep Fritz 7]] by [[ChessBase]] <ref>[http://de.chessbase.com/post/getestet-und-fr-sehr-gut-befunden-deep-fritz-7-0 Getestet und für sehr gut befunden: Deep Fritz 7.0], [[ChessBase|ChessBase Nachrichten]], October 28, 2002</ref>, held in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manama Manama], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain Bahrain], October 4-19, [[Timeline#2002|2002]]. It was organized by the ''General Organization of Youth and Sports in Bahrain'', held under the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patronage patronage] of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_of_Bahrain King of Bahrain], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majesty His Majesty] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh Sheikh] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamad_bin_Isa_Al_Khalifa Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa] <ref>[[Karsten Müller]] ('''2002'''). ''The Clash of the Titans: Kramnik – Fritz Bahrain''. [[ICGA Journal#25_4|ICGA Journal, Vol. 25, No. 4]]</ref>. Dubbed as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brains_in_Bahrain Brains in Bahrain], the eight game match ended in a 4-4 tie with two wins each and four draws. It was not sanctioned by [[ICGA]] or [[FIDE]] as ''Man vs. Machine World Championship'' - opposed to the upcoming [[Kasparov versus Deep Junior 2003]] match.
The Fritz team was represented by primary author [[Frans Morsch]], by co-author and operator [[Mathias Feist]], and by book author [[Alex Kure]]. Kramnik was supported by his seconds [[Christopher Lutz]] and Tigran Nalbandjan <ref>[http://ratings.fide.com/card.phtml?event=13300245 Nalbandian, Tigran FIDE Chess Profile]</ref> <ref>[https://de.chessbase.com/post/vor-zehn-jahren-brains-in-bahrain- Vor zehn Jahren: "Brains in Bahrain"], [[ChessBase|ChessBase Nachrichtens]], October 16, 2012 (German)</ref>. The hardware used by Fritz was an eight-processor [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compaq Compaq] machine <ref>[http://en.chessbase.com/post/the-berlin-wall-holds-short-draw-in-game-1- The Berlin Wall Holds. Short Draw in Game 1], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], October 04, 2002</ref> at 900 MHz, able to run Fritz at a speed around 3.5 [[Nodes per Second|Mn/sec]] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=74460&start=3 Re: Which CPUs was used against Kramnik in 2002 ?] by Roman Zhukov, [[CCC]], July 13, 2020</ref>.
+
The Fritz team was represented by primary author [[Frans Morsch]], by co-author and operator [[Mathias Feist]], and by book author [[Alex Kure]]. Kramnik was supported by his seconds [[Christopher Lutz]] and Tigran Nalbandjan <ref>[http://ratings.fide.com/card.phtml?event=13300245 Nalbandian, Tigran FIDE Chess Profile]</ref> <ref>[https://de.chessbase.com/post/vor-zehn-jahren-brains-in-bahrain- Vor zehn Jahren: "Brains in Bahrain"], [[ChessBase|ChessBase Nachrichten]], October 16, 2012 (German)</ref>. The hardware used by Fritz was an eight-processor [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compaq Compaq] machine <ref>[http://en.chessbase.com/post/the-berlin-wall-holds-short-draw-in-game-1- The Berlin Wall Holds. Short Draw in Game 1], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], October 04, 2002</ref> at 900 MHz, able to run Fritz at a speed around 3.5 [[Nodes per Second|Mn/sec]] <ref>[http://www.talkchess.com/forum3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=74460&start=3 Re: Which CPUs was used against Kramnik in 2002 ?] by Roman Zhukov, [[CCC]], July 13, 2020</ref>.
  
 
=Course of the Match=  
 
=Course of the Match=  
Line 257: Line 257:
 
* [https://en.chessbase.com/post/did-deep-fritz-use-shakespeare-to-heckle-the-world-champion- Did Deep Fritz use Shakespeare to heckle the World Champion?] [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], October 16, 2002
 
* [https://en.chessbase.com/post/did-deep-fritz-use-shakespeare-to-heckle-the-world-champion- Did Deep Fritz use Shakespeare to heckle the World Champion?] [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], October 16, 2002
 
* [https://en.chessbase.com/post/fritz-defends-to-draw-game-8-and-the-match-final-score-4-4 Fritz Defends to Draw Game 8 and the Match! Final Score: 4-4], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], October 19, 2002
 
* [https://en.chessbase.com/post/fritz-defends-to-draw-game-8-and-the-match-final-score-4-4 Fritz Defends to Draw Game 8 and the Match! Final Score: 4-4], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], October 19, 2002
* [https://de.chessbase.com/post/vor-zehn-jahren-brains-in-bahrain- Vor zehn Jahren: "Brains in Bahrain"], [[ChessBase|ChessBase Nachrichtens]], October 16, 2012 (German)
+
* [https://de.chessbase.com/post/vor-zehn-jahren-brains-in-bahrain- Vor zehn Jahren: "Brains in Bahrain"], [[ChessBase|ChessBase Nachrichten]], October 16, 2012 (German)
 
* [https://en.chessbase.com/post/thirty-years-happy-birthday-fritz-6 Thirty years! Happy Birthday Fritz (5)] by [[Frederic Friedel]], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], December 19, 2021
 
* [https://en.chessbase.com/post/thirty-years-happy-birthday-fritz-6 Thirty years! Happy Birthday Fritz (5)] by [[Frederic Friedel]], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], December 19, 2021
 
==Spiegel==  
 
==Spiegel==  

Revision as of 22:32, 31 January 2022

Home * Tournaments and Matches * Kramnik versus Deep Fritz 2002

Brains in Bahrain [1]

Kramnik versus Deep Fritz,
a match between Classical World Chess Champion Vladimir Kramnik and one of the world's top rated chess programs at that time, Deep Fritz 7 by ChessBase [2], held in Manama, Bahrain, October 4-19, 2002. It was organized by the General Organization of Youth and Sports in Bahrain, held under the patronage of the King of Bahrain, His Majesty Sheikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa [3]. Dubbed as Brains in Bahrain, the eight game match ended in a 4-4 tie with two wins each and four draws. It was not sanctioned by ICGA or FIDE as Man vs. Machine World Championship - opposed to the upcoming Kasparov versus Deep Junior 2003 match. The Fritz team was represented by primary author Frans Morsch, by co-author and operator Mathias Feist, and by book author Alex Kure. Kramnik was supported by his seconds Christopher Lutz and Tigran Nalbandjan [4] [5]. The hardware used by Fritz was an eight-processor Compaq machine [6] at 900 MHz, able to run Fritz at a speed around 3.5 Mn/sec [7].

Course of the Match

The first half was dominated by Vladimir Kramnik, when he successfully applied an anti-computer strategy and won game 2 and 3 for a 3-1 lead [8]. However, Deep Fritz fought back and could equalize due to a blunder of Kramnik in game 5 [9], and Kramnik's risky piece sacrifice [10] and with hindsight premature resignation in game 6 [11].

Prologue

The match, initially scheduled for October 2001, but postponed due to the September 11 attacks [12], was promoted by Brain Games Network, who already organized the 2000 Braingames World Chess Championships between Kasparov and Kramnik. Raymond Keene was appointed Match Director, Enrique Irazoqui and Eric Schiller disignated arbiters [13]. In January 2002, the Einstein Group PLC took over the rights for the Man vs Machine event in Bahrain [14], they hired Malcolm Pein to take on the role previously occupied by Keene, with Schiller's participation vetoed by ChessBase [15].

Computer Qualifier

When negotiations for a Kramnik versus computer match commenced in October 2000, the obvious computer opponent was Shredder, the reigning World Computer Chess Champion [16]. But Brain Games Network decided instead to hold a qualifying event to which many of the world's strongest programs were not invited, provoking outrage in computer chess forums on the internet [17]. The qualifying event, held in Cadaqués, Spain, was a 24-game match between Fritz and Junior. The qualifying match itself provoked surprise in the computer chess community, with doubts about how Junior's early 5-0 lead, which it sustained until after the 14th game completely eroded during the next 10 games, thereby causing a tied match and a play-off that was won by Fritz [18] [19].

Concession

After the Kasparov versus Deep Blue 1997 experience, where Kasparov had to play an almost unknown entity, a concession was made to Kramnik to his advantage. ChessBase was required to freeze the Fritz code several months before the start, while Kramnik received exactly this version allowing him and his seconds to prepare. For the match, Fritz was only allowed to change its opening book preferences.

Games

[20]

Round 1

[Event "Brains in Bahrain"]
[Site "Manama, Bahrain"]
[Date "2002.10.04"]
[Round "1"]
[White "Deep Fritz 7"]
[Black "Vladimir Kramnik"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 Nf6 4.0-0 Nxe4 5.d4 Nd6 6.Bxc6 dxc6 7.dxe5 Nf5 8.Qxd8+ Kxd8 9.Nc3 h6
10.b3 Ke8 11.Bb2 Be7 12.Rad1 a5 13.a4 h5 14.Ne2 Be6 15.c4 Rd8 16.h3 b6 17.Nfd4 Nxd4 18.Nxd4 c5
19.Nxe6 fxe6 20.Rxd8+ Kxd8 21.Bc1 Kc8 22.Rd1 Rd8 23.Rxd8+ Kxd8 24.g4 g6 25.h4 hxg4 26.Bg5 Bxg5
27.hxg5 Ke8 28.Kg2  1/2-1/2

Postings

Links

Brains in Bahrain Game 1 by Karsten Müller, ChessBase News, October 04, 2002

Round 2

[Event "Brains in Bahrain"]
[Site "Manama, Bahrain"]
[Date "2002.10.06"]
[Round "2"]
[White "Vladimir Kramnik"]
[Black "Deep Fritz 7"]
[Result "1-0"]

1.d4 d5 2.c4 dxc4 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.e3 e6 5.Bxc4 c5 6.O-O a6 7.dxc5 Qxd1 8.Rxd1 Bxc5 9.Kf1 b5
10.Be2 Bb7 11.Nbd2 Nbd7 12.Nb3 Bf8 13.a4 b4 14.Nfd2 Bd5 15.f3 Bd6 16.g3 e5 17.e4 Be6 18.Nc4
Bc7 19.Be3 a5 20.Nc5 Nxc5 21.Bxc5 Nd7 22.Nd6+ Kf8 23.Bf2 Bxd6 24.Rxd6 Ke7 25.Rad1 Rhc8 26.Bb5
Nc5 27.Bc6 Bc4+ 28.Ke1 Nd3+ 29.R1xd3 Bxd3 30.Bc5 Bc4 31.Rd4+ Kf6 32.Rxc4 Rxc6 33.Be7+ Kxe7
34.Rxc6 Kd7 35.Rc5 f6 36.Kd2 Kd6 37.Rd5+ Kc6 38.Kd3 g6 39.Kc4 g5 40.h3 h6 41.h4 gxh4 42.gxh4
Ra7 43.h5 Ra8 44.Rc5+ Kb6 45.Rb5+ Kc6 46.Rd5 Kc7 47.Kb5 b3 48.Rd3 Ra7 49.Rxb3 Rb7+ 50.Kc4 Ra7
51.Rb5 Ra8 52.Kd5 Ra6 53.Rc5+ Kd7 54.b3 Rd6+ 55.Kc4 Rd4+ 56.Kc3 Rd1 1-0

Postings

Links

Brains in Bahrain Game 2 by Karsten Müller, ChessBase News, October 06, 2002

Round 3

[Event "Brains in Bahrain"]
[Site "Manama, Bahrain"]
[Date "2002.10.08"]
[Round "3"]
[White "Deep Fritz 7"]
[Black "Vladimir Kramnik"]
[Result "0-1"]

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 exd4 4.Nxd4 Bc5 5.Nxc6 Qf6 6.Qd2 dxc6 7.Nc3 Ne7 8.Qf4 Be6 9.Qxf6 gxf6
10.Na4 Bb4+ 11.c3 Bd6 12.Be3 b6 13.f4 O-O-O 14.Kf2 c5 15.c4 Nc6 16.Nc3 f5 17.e5 Bf8 18.b3 Nb4
19.a3 Nc2 20.Rc1 Nxe3 21.Kxe3 Bg7 22.Nd5 c6 23.Nf6 Bxf6 24.exf6 Rhe8 25.Kf3 Rd2 26.h3 Bd7 27.g3
Re6 28.Rb1 Rxf6 29.Be2 Re6 30.Rhe1 Kc7 31.Bf1 b5 32.Rec1 Kb6 33.b4 cxb4 34.axb4 Re4 35.Rd1 Rxd1
36.Rxd1 Be6 37.Bd3 Rd4 38.Be2 Rxd1 39.c5+ Kb7 40.Bxd1 a5 41.bxa5 Ka6 42.Ke3 Kxa5 43.Kd4 b4 44.g4
fxg4 45.hxg4 b3 46.Kc3 Ka4 47.Kb2 f6 48.Bf3 Kb5 49.g5 f5 50.Kc3 Kxc5 51.Be2 0-1

Postings

Links

Brains in Bahrain Game 3 by Karsten Müller, ChessBase News, October 08, 2002

Round 4

[Event "Brains in Bahrain"]
[Site "Manama, Bahrain"]
[Date "2002.10.10"]
[Round "4"]
[White "Vladimir Kramnik"]
[Black "Deep Fritz 7"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]

1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 c5 4.cxd5 exd5 5.g3 Nc6 6.Bg2 Nf6 7.O-O Be7 8.Nc3 O-O 9.Bg5 cxd4
10.Nxd4 h6 11.Bf4 Bg4 12.h3 Be6 13.Rc1 Re8 14.Nxe6 fxe6 15.e4 d4 16.e5 dxc3 17.exf6 Bxf6
18.bxc3 Qxd1 19.Rfxd1 Rad8 20.Be3 Rxd1+ 21.Rxd1 Bxc3 22.Rd7 Rb8 23.Bxc6 bxc6 24.Rxa7 Rb2
25.Ra6 Bd2 26.Rxc6 Bxe3 27.fxe3 Kf7 28.a4 Ra2 29.Rc4 Kf6 30.Kf1 g5 31.h4 h5 32.hxg5+ Kxg5
33.Ke1 e5 34.Kf1 Kf5 35.Rh4 Kg6 36.Re4 Kf5 37.Rh4 Kg5 38.Kg1 Kg6 39.g4 hxg4 40.Rxg4+ Kf5
41.Rc4 1/2-1/2

Postings

Links

Brains in Bahrain Game 4 by Karsten Müller, ChessBase News, October 10, 2002

Round 5

[Event "Brains in Bahrain"]
[Site "Manama, Bahrain"]
[Date "2002.10.13"]
[Round "5"]
[White "Deep Fritz 7"]
[Black "Vladimir Kramnik"]
[Result "1-0"]

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 d5 4.Nc3 Be7 5.Bg5 h6 6.Bh4 O-O 7.e3 Ne4 8.Bxe7 Qxe7 9.cxd5 Nxc3
10.bxc3 exd5 11.Qb3 Rd8 12.c4 dxc4 13.Bxc4 Nc6 14.Be2 b6 15.O-O Bb7 16.Rfc1 Rac8 17.Qa4
Na5 18.Rc3 c5 19.Rac1 cxd4 20.Nxd4 Rxc3 21.Rxc3 Rc8 22.Rxc8+ Bxc8 23.h3 g6 24.Bf3 Bd7
25.Qc2 Qc5 26.Qe4 Qc1+ 27.Kh2 Qc7+ 28.g3 Nc4 29.Be2 Ne5 30.Bb5 Bxb5 31.Nxb5 Qc5 32.Nxa7
Qa5 33.Kg2 Qxa2 34.Nc8 Qc4 35.Ne7+ 1-0

Game on Lichess.org

Postings

Links

Round 6

[Event "Brains in Bahrain"]
[Site "Manama, Bahrain"]
[Date "2002.10.15"]
[Round "6"]
[White "Vladimir Kramnik"]
[Black "Deep Fritz 7"]
[Result "0-1"]

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 b6 4.g3 Ba6 5.b3 Bb4+ 6.Bd2 Be7 7.Bg2 c6 8.Bc3 d5 9.Ne5 Nfd7
10.Nxd7 Nxd7 11.Nd2 O-O 12.O-O Rc8 13.a4 Bf6 14.e4 c5 15.exd5 cxd4 16.Bb4 Re8 17.Ne4
exd5 18.Nd6 dxc4 19.Nxf7 Kxf7 20.Bd5+ Kg6 21.Qg4+ Bg5 22.Be4+ Rxe4 23.Qxe4+ Kh6 24.h4
Bf6 25.Bd2+ g5 26.hxg5+ Bxg5 27.Qh4+ Kg6 28.Qe4+ Kg7 29.Bxg5 Qxg5 30.Rfe1 cxb3 31.Qxd4+
Nf6 32.a5 Qd5 33.Qxd5 Nxd5 34.axb6 axb6 0-1

Game on Lichess.org

Postings

Links

Brains in Bahrain Game 6 by Mig Greengard, ChessBase News, October 15, 2002

Round 7

[Event "Brains in Bahrain"]
[Site "Manama, Bahrain"]
[Date "2002.10.17"]
[Round "7"]
[White "Deep Fritz 7"]
[Black "Vladimir Kramnik"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 b6 4.g3 Bb7 5.Bg2 Be7 6.O-O O-O 7.Nc3 Ne4 8.Qc2 Nxc3 9.Qxc3 c5
10.Rd1 d6 11.b3 Bf6 12.Bb2 Qe7 13.Qc2 Nc6 14.e4 e5 15.d5 Nd4 16.Bxd4 cxd4 17.Bh3 g6
18.a4 a5 19.Rab1 Ba6 20.Re1 Kh8 21.Kg2 Bg7 22.Qd3 Rae8 23.Nd2 Bh6 24.f4 Qc7 25.Rf1 Kg8
26.Rbe1 Qd8 27.Kg1 Bb7 28.Re2 Ba6 1/2-1/2

Postings

Links

Round 8

[Event "Brains in Bahrain"]
[Site "Manama, Bahrain"]
[Date "2002.10.19"]
[Round "8"]
[White "Vladimir Kramnik"]
[Black "Deep Fritz 7"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 d5 4.Nc3 c6 5.Bg5 Be7 6.e3 O-O 7.Bd3 Nbd7 8.O-O dxc4 9.Bxc4 Nd5
10.Bxe7 Qxe7 11.Rc1 Nxc3 12.Rxc3 e5 13.Bb3 exd4 14.exd4 Nf6 15.Re1 Qd6 16.h3 Bf5 17.Rce3
Rae8 18.Re5 Bg6 19.a3 Qd8 20.Rxe8 Nxe8 21.Qd2 1/2-1/2

Postings

Links

See also

Publications

BejDeepBlue.jpg
Chapter 4: 2002: Deep Fritz Befuddles Kramnik, Drawing 4–4 in Bahrain

Forum Posts

External Links

ChessBase

Spiegel

by André Schulz, Der Spiegel, October 21, 2002, (German)

TIME

by Paul Hoffman, TIME

Interviews

Kramnik vs Fritz – playing good chess under fair conditions by Matthias Wüllenweber, ChessBase News, April 11, 2002

References

  1. Kramnik-Deep Fritz match ends in 4-4 draw!, The Chess Drum
  2. Getestet und für sehr gut befunden: Deep Fritz 7.0, ChessBase Nachrichten, October 28, 2002
  3. Karsten Müller (2002). The Clash of the Titans: Kramnik – Fritz Bahrain. ICGA Journal, Vol. 25, No. 4
  4. Nalbandian, Tigran FIDE Chess Profile
  5. Vor zehn Jahren: "Brains in Bahrain", ChessBase Nachrichten, October 16, 2012 (German)
  6. The Berlin Wall Holds. Short Draw in Game 1, ChessBase News, October 04, 2002
  7. Re: Which CPUs was used against Kramnik in 2002 ? by Roman Zhukov, CCC, July 13, 2020
  8. Brains in Bahrain from Wikipedia
  9. Qc4? by Terje Vagle, CCC, October 13, 2002
  10. Kramnik's sacrifice - game 6 by Ed Schröder, CCC, October 15, 2002
  11. Missed Draw by Kramnik by Ingo Althöfer, CCC, CCC, October 16, 2002
  12. Kramnik vs Deep Fritz schedule, ChessBase News, January 05, 2002
  13. The Week in Chess 7th May 2001 by Mark Crowther (archived) 4.) Brain Games Network announce million dollar computer contract
  14. Einstein takes over Brain Games and Kramnik, ChessBase News, January 25, 2002
  15. Eric Schiller about the Cadaques Qualifier by Ed Schröder, CCC, October 11, 2002
  16. Open letter from the ICCA by Stefan Meyer-Kahlen, CCC, April 22, 2001
  17. BrainGames Qualifier, about unfair competition by Ed Schroder, rgcc, April 29, 2001
  18. Will humans ever beat computers at chess again? by David Levy, The Guardian, October 24, 2002
  19. A word from the 'Junior' Team - Cadaques by Shay Bushinsky, CCC, May 01, 2001
  20. Brains in Bahrain (2002) from chessgames.com
  21. Did Deep Fritz use Shakespeare to heckle the World Champion? ChessBase News, October 16, 2002

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