Conspiracy Number Search

From Chessprogramming wiki
Revision as of 17:32, 8 December 2019 by GerdIsenberg (talk | contribs)
Jump to: navigation, search

Home * Search * Conspiracy Number Search

Conspiracy Number Search, (CNS, cns)
a best-first search algorithm first described by David McAllester based on Conspiracy Numbers of the root [2]. Trees are grown in memory - in an often deep and narrow way - that maximizes the conspiracy required to change the root value. The phases of the best-first search procedure are Selection of a leaf node, Expansion and Evaluation of that leaf, and to Back-up the result of that evaluation back to the root. Since the number of conspiracy numbers per node depends on the number of possible evaluation values, fine grained evaluation, necessary for good positional play, yields in inefficient and unstable CNS. Further, due to the lack of bounds, a final alpha-beta quiescence search in early CNS implementations was quite expensive.

Controlled Conspiracy Number Search

Ulf Lorenz' and Valentin Rottmann's et al. proposed improvements dubbed Controlled Conspiracy Number Search (CCNS) [3] address the drawbacks of CNS by introducing general CN Targets and Extended Conspiracy Numbers. CN targets (security demands) are splitted over the successors in order to inform each node about the goal of its examination. Extended Conspiracy Numbers of the root are defined as the least number of leaf nodes that must change their value in order to change the decision at the root to another move.

Parallel Controlled Conspiracy Number Search

The parallelization procedure aims at a dynamic distribution of the game tree, initiating a worker/employer relationship along with a sophisticated splitting heuristic of CN targets. The stack, used to keep the nodes of the best-first search, could be manipulated from outside in order to share work and integrate results from other processors [4].

See also

Chess Programs

performing CNS or its improvements:

Publications

1985 ...

1990 ...

1995 ...

2000 ...

2010 ...

External Links

feat.: Jack Gregg, Mark Whitecage, Steve McCall, Gunter Hampel, Sam Rivers, Marty Cook

References

  1. The Eye of Providence can be seen on the reverse of the Great Seal of the United States, seen here on the US $1 bill. Popular among conspiracy theorists is the claim that the Eye of Providence shown atop an unfinished pyramid on the Great Seal of the United States indicates the influence of Freemasonry in the founding of the United States, Wikimedia Commons
  2. David McAllester (1985). A New Procedure for Growing Minimax Trees. Technical Report, Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT
  3. Ulf Lorenz, Valentin Rottmann, Rainer Feldmann, Peter Mysliwietz (1995). Controlled Conspiracy-Number Search. ICCA Journal, Vol. 18, No. 3
  4. Ulf Lorenz, Valentin Rottmann (1996). Parallel Controlled Conspiracy-Number Search. Advances in Computer Chess 8

Up one level