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Created page with "'''Home * People * Charles Elkan''' FILE:CElkan.jpg|border|right|thumb|link=http://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~elkan/| Charles Elkan <ref>[http://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~e..."
'''[[Main Page|Home]] * [[People]] * Charles Elkan'''
[[FILE:CElkan.jpg|border|right|thumb|link=http://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~elkan/| Charles Elkan <ref>[http://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~elkan/ Homegage - Charles Elkan]</ref> ]]
'''Charles Elkan''',<br/>
an American mathematician, computer scientist and professor in the computer science and engineering department at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_California,_San_Diego University of California, San Diego].
His research interests include [[Learning|machine learning]], [[Neural Networks|neural networks]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzzy_logic fuzzy logic], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_mining data mining], and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytics analytics].
In 1989, [[Charles Elkan]] applied [[Conspiracy Numbers|conspiracy numbers]] to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_theorem_proving theorem proving] <ref>[[Charles Elkan]] ('''1989'''). ''Conspiracy Numbers and Caching for Searching And/Or Trees and Theorem-Proving''. [[Conferences#IJCAI|IJCAI 1989]], [https://www.ijcai.org/Proceedings/89-1/Papers/054.pdf pdf]</ref>,
similar to [[Victor Allis|Victor Allis']] [[Proof-Number Search|Proof-number search]] algorithm.
=Fuzzy Paradox=
[[FILE:Venn1011.svg|border|right|thumb|240px|Implication]]
In 1993 Elkan identified a ''paradox'' that [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzzy_logic#Fuzzy_logic_operators fuzzy logic equivalents] (min, max, 1-x) of the equivalence of two re-expressions of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Material_implication_(rule_of_inference) material implication] a → b
~(a & ~b) = (~a & ~b) | b
that is
1 - max(a, 1-b) = max(min(1-a, 1-b), b)
is not true for a < b < 0.5.
=Selected Publications=
<ref>[https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hd/e/Elkan:Charles.html dblp: Charles Elkan]</ref> <ref>[http://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~elkan/#publications Charles Elkan - Selected publications]</ref>
==1988 ...==
* [[Charles Elkan]], [[David McAllester]] ('''1988'''). ''Automated Inductive Reasoning about Logic Programs''. [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/iclp/iclp88.html 5. ICLP / SLP]
* [[Charles Elkan]] ('''1989'''). ''Conspiracy Numbers and Caching for Searching And/Or Trees and Theorem-Proving''. [[Conferences#IJCAI|IJCAI 1989]], [https://www.ijcai.org/Proceedings/89-1/Papers/054.pdf pdf]
==1990 ...==
* [[Charles Elkan]] ('''1990'''). ''Incremental, Approximate Planning''. [[Conferences#AAAI-90|AAAI 1990]]
* [[Charles Elkan]] ('''1991'''). ''Adaptive Database Locking''. Ph.D. thesis, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornell_University Cornell University], advisor [[Mathematician#PPanangaden|Prakash Panangaden]]
* [[Charles Elkan]] ('''1993'''). ''The Paradoxical Success of Fuzzy Logic''. [[Conferences#AAAI-93|AAAI 1993]], [https://www.aaai.org/Papers/AAAI/1993/AAAI93-104.pdf AAAI93-104.pdf]
* [[Charles Elkan]] ('''1994'''). ''[https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Elkan%27s-Reply%3A-The-Paradoxical-Controversy-over-Elkan/ddd37517dc10d22ad05e9479f6449f34def66a96 Elkan's Reply: The Paradoxical Controversy over Fuzzy Logic]''. [[IEEE#Expert|IEEE Expert]], Vol. 9, No. 4
* [[Charles Elkan]] ('''1994'''). ''[https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=630036 The Paradoxical Success of Fuzzy Logic]''. [[IEEE#Expert|IEEE Expert]], Vol. 9, No. 4
* [[Alberto Maria Segre]], [[Charles Elkan]] ('''1994'''). ''[https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/A-High-Performance-Explanation-Based-Learning-Segre-Elkan/e8afba39d0aaae0f5674f70deb8fc4571655c534 A High-Performance Explanation-Based Learning Algorithm]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_Intelligence_%28journal%29 Artificial Intelligence], Vol. 68, Nos. 1-2
* [[Charles Elkan]] ('''1996'''). ''[https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/3-540-61291-2_41 Reasoning about Unknown, Counterfactual, and Nondeterministic Actions in First-Order Logic]''. [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/ai/ai96.html Canadian Conference on AI 1996], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lecture_Notes_in_Computer_Science LNCS], Vol. 1081, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Springer_Science%2BBusiness_Media Springer]
* [[Alberto Maria Segre]], [[Mathematician#GGordon|Geoffrey J. Gordon]], [[Charles Elkan]] ('''1996'''). ''[https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=241108 Exploratory Analysis of Speedup Learning Data Using Epectation Maximization]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_Intelligence_(journal) Artificial Intelligence], Vol. 85, Nos. 1-2
==2000 ...==
* [[Charles Elkan]] ('''2001'''). ''The Foundations of Cost-Sensitive Learning''. [[Conferences#IJCAI|IJCAI 2001]]
* [[Charles Elkan]] ('''2001'''). ''Paradoxes of fuzzy logic, revisited''. [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/ijar/ijar26.html International Journal of Approximate Reasoning, Vol. 26], No. 2], [http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.20.7605 CiteSeerX]
* [[Mathematician#ETrillas|Enric Trillas]], [[Mathematician#CAlsina|Claudi Alsina]] ('''2001'''). ''Comments to "Paradoxes of fuzzy logic, revisited"''. [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/ijar/ijar26.html International Journal of Approximate Reasoning, Vol. 26], No. 2, [https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/82697342.pdf pdf]
* [[Mathematician#ETrillas|Enric Trillas]], [[Mathematician#CAlsina|Claudi Alsina]] ('''2001'''). ''Elkan's theoretical argument, reconsidered''. [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/ijar/ijar26.html International Journal of Approximate Reasoning, Vol. 26], No. 2, [https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/81951492.pdf pdf]
* [https://github.com/ghamerly Greg Hamerly], [[Charles Elkan]] ('''2002'''). ''[https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=584890 Alternatives to the k-means algorithm that find better clusterings]''. [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/cikm/cikm2002.html CIKM 2002], [http://people.csail.mit.edu/tieu/notebook/kmeans/15_p600-hamerly.pdf pdf] <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-means_clustering k-means clustering from Wikipedia]</ref>
* [https://github.com/ghamerly Greg Hamerly], [[Charles Elkan]] ('''2003'''). ''Learning the k in k-means''. [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/nips/nips2003.html NIPS 2003], [https://papers.nips.cc/paper/2526-learning-the-k-in-k-means.pdf pdf]
* [[Charles Elkan]], [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hd/n/Noto:Keith Keith Noto] ('''2008'''). ''Learning classifiers from only positive and unlabeled data''. [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/kdd/kdd2008.html KDD 2008], [http://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~elkan/posonly.pdf pdf]
==2010 ...==
* [[Charles Elkan]] ('''2011'''). ''[https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-29946-9_11 Reinforcement Learning with a Bilinear Q Function]''. [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/ewrl/ewrl2011.html EWRL 2011]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zachary_Lipton Zachary Lipton], [[Charles Elkan]] ('''2015'''). ''Efficient Elastic Net Regularization for Sparse Linear Models''. [https://arxiv.org/abs/1505.06449 arXiv:1505.06449]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zachary_Lipton Zachary Lipton], [https://www.linkedin.com/in/john-berkowitz-92b24a7b John Berkowitz], [[Charles Elkan]] ('''2015'''). ''A Critical Review of Recurrent Neural Networks for Sequence Learning''. [https://arxiv.org/abs/1506.00019 arXiv:1506.00019v4]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zachary_Lipton Zachary Lipton], [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hd/k/Kale:David_C= David C. Kale], [[Charles Elkan]], [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hd/w/Wetzel:Randall_C= Randall C. Wetzel] ('''2015'''). ''Learning to Diagnose with LSTM Recurrent Neural Networks''. [https://arxiv.org/abs/1511.03677 arXiv:1511.03677]
* [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hd/c/Champion:Clifford Clifford Champion], [[Charles Elkan]] ('''2017'''). ''Visualizing the Consequences of Evidence in Bayesian Networks''. [https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.00791 arXiv:1707.00791]
* [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hd/g/Gangadharaiah:Rashmi Rashmi Gangadharaiah], [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hd/n/Narayanaswamy:Balakrishnan Balakrishnan Narayanaswamy], [[Charles Elkan]] ('''2017'''). ''What we need to learn if we want to do and not just talk''. [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/naacl/naacl2018-3.html HLT-NAACL 2018], [https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/N18-3004 pdf]
=External Links=
* [http://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~elkan/ Homegage - Charles Elkan]
* [https://genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu/id.php?id=30650 The Mathematics Genealogy Project - Charles Elkan]
=References=
<references />
'''[[People|Up one level]]'''
[[Category:Mathematician|Elkan]]
[[Category:Researcher|Elkan]]
[[FILE:CElkan.jpg|border|right|thumb|link=http://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~elkan/| Charles Elkan <ref>[http://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~elkan/ Homegage - Charles Elkan]</ref> ]]
'''Charles Elkan''',<br/>
an American mathematician, computer scientist and professor in the computer science and engineering department at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_California,_San_Diego University of California, San Diego].
His research interests include [[Learning|machine learning]], [[Neural Networks|neural networks]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzzy_logic fuzzy logic], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_mining data mining], and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytics analytics].
In 1989, [[Charles Elkan]] applied [[Conspiracy Numbers|conspiracy numbers]] to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_theorem_proving theorem proving] <ref>[[Charles Elkan]] ('''1989'''). ''Conspiracy Numbers and Caching for Searching And/Or Trees and Theorem-Proving''. [[Conferences#IJCAI|IJCAI 1989]], [https://www.ijcai.org/Proceedings/89-1/Papers/054.pdf pdf]</ref>,
similar to [[Victor Allis|Victor Allis']] [[Proof-Number Search|Proof-number search]] algorithm.
=Fuzzy Paradox=
[[FILE:Venn1011.svg|border|right|thumb|240px|Implication]]
In 1993 Elkan identified a ''paradox'' that [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzzy_logic#Fuzzy_logic_operators fuzzy logic equivalents] (min, max, 1-x) of the equivalence of two re-expressions of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Material_implication_(rule_of_inference) material implication] a → b
~(a & ~b) = (~a & ~b) | b
that is
1 - max(a, 1-b) = max(min(1-a, 1-b), b)
is not true for a < b < 0.5.
=Selected Publications=
<ref>[https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hd/e/Elkan:Charles.html dblp: Charles Elkan]</ref> <ref>[http://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~elkan/#publications Charles Elkan - Selected publications]</ref>
==1988 ...==
* [[Charles Elkan]], [[David McAllester]] ('''1988'''). ''Automated Inductive Reasoning about Logic Programs''. [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/iclp/iclp88.html 5. ICLP / SLP]
* [[Charles Elkan]] ('''1989'''). ''Conspiracy Numbers and Caching for Searching And/Or Trees and Theorem-Proving''. [[Conferences#IJCAI|IJCAI 1989]], [https://www.ijcai.org/Proceedings/89-1/Papers/054.pdf pdf]
==1990 ...==
* [[Charles Elkan]] ('''1990'''). ''Incremental, Approximate Planning''. [[Conferences#AAAI-90|AAAI 1990]]
* [[Charles Elkan]] ('''1991'''). ''Adaptive Database Locking''. Ph.D. thesis, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornell_University Cornell University], advisor [[Mathematician#PPanangaden|Prakash Panangaden]]
* [[Charles Elkan]] ('''1993'''). ''The Paradoxical Success of Fuzzy Logic''. [[Conferences#AAAI-93|AAAI 1993]], [https://www.aaai.org/Papers/AAAI/1993/AAAI93-104.pdf AAAI93-104.pdf]
* [[Charles Elkan]] ('''1994'''). ''[https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Elkan%27s-Reply%3A-The-Paradoxical-Controversy-over-Elkan/ddd37517dc10d22ad05e9479f6449f34def66a96 Elkan's Reply: The Paradoxical Controversy over Fuzzy Logic]''. [[IEEE#Expert|IEEE Expert]], Vol. 9, No. 4
* [[Charles Elkan]] ('''1994'''). ''[https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=630036 The Paradoxical Success of Fuzzy Logic]''. [[IEEE#Expert|IEEE Expert]], Vol. 9, No. 4
* [[Alberto Maria Segre]], [[Charles Elkan]] ('''1994'''). ''[https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/A-High-Performance-Explanation-Based-Learning-Segre-Elkan/e8afba39d0aaae0f5674f70deb8fc4571655c534 A High-Performance Explanation-Based Learning Algorithm]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_Intelligence_%28journal%29 Artificial Intelligence], Vol. 68, Nos. 1-2
* [[Charles Elkan]] ('''1996'''). ''[https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/3-540-61291-2_41 Reasoning about Unknown, Counterfactual, and Nondeterministic Actions in First-Order Logic]''. [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/ai/ai96.html Canadian Conference on AI 1996], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lecture_Notes_in_Computer_Science LNCS], Vol. 1081, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Springer_Science%2BBusiness_Media Springer]
* [[Alberto Maria Segre]], [[Mathematician#GGordon|Geoffrey J. Gordon]], [[Charles Elkan]] ('''1996'''). ''[https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=241108 Exploratory Analysis of Speedup Learning Data Using Epectation Maximization]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_Intelligence_(journal) Artificial Intelligence], Vol. 85, Nos. 1-2
==2000 ...==
* [[Charles Elkan]] ('''2001'''). ''The Foundations of Cost-Sensitive Learning''. [[Conferences#IJCAI|IJCAI 2001]]
* [[Charles Elkan]] ('''2001'''). ''Paradoxes of fuzzy logic, revisited''. [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/ijar/ijar26.html International Journal of Approximate Reasoning, Vol. 26], No. 2], [http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.20.7605 CiteSeerX]
* [[Mathematician#ETrillas|Enric Trillas]], [[Mathematician#CAlsina|Claudi Alsina]] ('''2001'''). ''Comments to "Paradoxes of fuzzy logic, revisited"''. [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/ijar/ijar26.html International Journal of Approximate Reasoning, Vol. 26], No. 2, [https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/82697342.pdf pdf]
* [[Mathematician#ETrillas|Enric Trillas]], [[Mathematician#CAlsina|Claudi Alsina]] ('''2001'''). ''Elkan's theoretical argument, reconsidered''. [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/ijar/ijar26.html International Journal of Approximate Reasoning, Vol. 26], No. 2, [https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/81951492.pdf pdf]
* [https://github.com/ghamerly Greg Hamerly], [[Charles Elkan]] ('''2002'''). ''[https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=584890 Alternatives to the k-means algorithm that find better clusterings]''. [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/cikm/cikm2002.html CIKM 2002], [http://people.csail.mit.edu/tieu/notebook/kmeans/15_p600-hamerly.pdf pdf] <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-means_clustering k-means clustering from Wikipedia]</ref>
* [https://github.com/ghamerly Greg Hamerly], [[Charles Elkan]] ('''2003'''). ''Learning the k in k-means''. [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/nips/nips2003.html NIPS 2003], [https://papers.nips.cc/paper/2526-learning-the-k-in-k-means.pdf pdf]
* [[Charles Elkan]], [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hd/n/Noto:Keith Keith Noto] ('''2008'''). ''Learning classifiers from only positive and unlabeled data''. [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/kdd/kdd2008.html KDD 2008], [http://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~elkan/posonly.pdf pdf]
==2010 ...==
* [[Charles Elkan]] ('''2011'''). ''[https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-29946-9_11 Reinforcement Learning with a Bilinear Q Function]''. [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/ewrl/ewrl2011.html EWRL 2011]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zachary_Lipton Zachary Lipton], [[Charles Elkan]] ('''2015'''). ''Efficient Elastic Net Regularization for Sparse Linear Models''. [https://arxiv.org/abs/1505.06449 arXiv:1505.06449]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zachary_Lipton Zachary Lipton], [https://www.linkedin.com/in/john-berkowitz-92b24a7b John Berkowitz], [[Charles Elkan]] ('''2015'''). ''A Critical Review of Recurrent Neural Networks for Sequence Learning''. [https://arxiv.org/abs/1506.00019 arXiv:1506.00019v4]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zachary_Lipton Zachary Lipton], [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hd/k/Kale:David_C= David C. Kale], [[Charles Elkan]], [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hd/w/Wetzel:Randall_C= Randall C. Wetzel] ('''2015'''). ''Learning to Diagnose with LSTM Recurrent Neural Networks''. [https://arxiv.org/abs/1511.03677 arXiv:1511.03677]
* [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hd/c/Champion:Clifford Clifford Champion], [[Charles Elkan]] ('''2017'''). ''Visualizing the Consequences of Evidence in Bayesian Networks''. [https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.00791 arXiv:1707.00791]
* [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hd/g/Gangadharaiah:Rashmi Rashmi Gangadharaiah], [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hd/n/Narayanaswamy:Balakrishnan Balakrishnan Narayanaswamy], [[Charles Elkan]] ('''2017'''). ''What we need to learn if we want to do and not just talk''. [https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/naacl/naacl2018-3.html HLT-NAACL 2018], [https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/N18-3004 pdf]
=External Links=
* [http://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~elkan/ Homegage - Charles Elkan]
* [https://genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu/id.php?id=30650 The Mathematics Genealogy Project - Charles Elkan]
=References=
<references />
'''[[People|Up one level]]'''
[[Category:Mathematician|Elkan]]
[[Category:Researcher|Elkan]]
