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'''[[Main Page|Home]] * [[Engines]] * CCCP'''
 
'''[[Main Page|Home]] * [[Engines]] * CCCP'''
  
[[FILE:USSR animated flag.gif|border|right|thumbborder|right|thumb|Flying USSR flag <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union Flag of the Soviet Union], file from the [[Prelinger Archives]], which released it explicitly into the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain public domain], using the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons Creative Commons] [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/ Public Domain Dedication], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons Wikimedia Commons]</ref> ]]  
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[[FILE:USSR animated flag.gif|border|right|thumbborder|right|thumb|Flying USSR flag <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union Flag of the Soviet Union], file from the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prelinger_Archives Prelinger Archives], which released it explicitly into the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain public domain], using the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons Creative Commons] [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/ Public Domain Dedication], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons Wikimedia Commons]</ref> ]]  
 
    
 
    
 
'''CCCP''',<br/>
 
'''CCCP''',<br/>
 
the Columbia Computer Chess Program developed by a group of students at [[Columbia University]], [[Steven M. Bellovin]], [[Aron Eisenpress]], [[Andrew Koenig]], and [[Ben Yalow]], written in [[PL 1|PL/I]]. CCCP played the [[ACM 1971]], where it ran on [[IBM 360|IBM 360/91]] at Columbia University. The project already started during the [[ACM 1970]] in collaboration with [[Hans Berliner]] from [[Carnegie Mellon University]], when [[J. Biit]] was operated through a chess [[GUI]] written at Columbia for the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_2250 IBM 2250 Display Unit]. The four students continued to develop J. Biit, replacing the back end with a much better set of algorithms, evolving into CCCP (a pun on the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillic Cyrillic] abbreviation for the official name of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Union Soviet Union], Сою́з Сове́тских Социалисти́ческих Респу́блик) after one year of effort <ref>[http://www.columbia.edu/cu/computinghistory/elliott-frank.html#cccp Recollections of CUCC 1968-70 -The CCCP Chess Program]</ref> .  
 
the Columbia Computer Chess Program developed by a group of students at [[Columbia University]], [[Steven M. Bellovin]], [[Aron Eisenpress]], [[Andrew Koenig]], and [[Ben Yalow]], written in [[PL 1|PL/I]]. CCCP played the [[ACM 1971]], where it ran on [[IBM 360|IBM 360/91]] at Columbia University. The project already started during the [[ACM 1970]] in collaboration with [[Hans Berliner]] from [[Carnegie Mellon University]], when [[J. Biit]] was operated through a chess [[GUI]] written at Columbia for the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_2250 IBM 2250 Display Unit]. The four students continued to develop J. Biit, replacing the back end with a much better set of algorithms, evolving into CCCP (a pun on the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillic Cyrillic] abbreviation for the official name of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Union Soviet Union], Сою́з Сове́тских Социалисти́ческих Респу́блик) after one year of effort <ref>[http://www.columbia.edu/cu/computinghistory/elliott-frank.html#cccp Recollections of CUCC 1968-70 -The CCCP Chess Program]</ref> .  
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=Team Effort=
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[[Andrew Koenig]] on the individual roles of the programming team <ref>[[Andrew Koenig]] ('''1978'''). ''Light-Pen used in game''. [[Personal Computing#2_5|Personal Computing, Vol. 2, No. 5]], pp. 112</ref>
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I designed the overall structure of the program and coded much of the [[User Interface|human interface]]. Steve wrote the [[Search|tree searching]] and [[Pruning|pruning]] routines, Ben did the [[Move Generation|move generation]] and [[Evaluation|evaluation routines]], and Aron wrote the part of the human interface that made it possible to [[Entering Moves|enter moves]] at a 2250 display with a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light_pen light pen] ...
  
 
=Selected Games=  
 
=Selected Games=  
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[[FILE:ASF_0501.jpg|border|right|thumb|link=http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/pl.cgi?57064|Analog, August 1972 <ref>Cover art by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Kelly_Freas Frank Kelly Freas], supplied by [http://www.sfcovers.net/ Visco], [http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/pl.cgi?57064 Analog Science Fiction/Science Fact, August 1972]</ref> ]]
 
[[FILE:ASF_0501.jpg|border|right|thumb|link=http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/pl.cgi?57064|Analog, August 1972 <ref>Cover art by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Kelly_Freas Frank Kelly Freas], supplied by [http://www.sfcovers.net/ Visco], [http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/pl.cgi?57064 Analog Science Fiction/Science Fact, August 1972]</ref> ]]
  
In his essay ''The Computer Was a Fish'', published in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_Science_Fiction_and_Fact Analog Science Fiction and Fact], August 1972 <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_R._R._Martin George R. R. Martin] ('''1972'''). ''[http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/title.cgi?115771 The Computer Was a Fish]''. [http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/pl.cgi?57064 Analog Science Fiction/Science Fact, August 1972]</ref>, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_R._R._Martin George R. R. Martin] mentions the [[ACM 1971]] and a computer chess program called CCCP, which had a certain [[Ben Yalow|Mr. Benjamin Yalow]] on the team <ref>[http://efanzines.com/DrinkTank/DrinkTank319.pdf The Drink Tank 319 - Hugo for Best Novel | Chris Garcia - Editors - James Bacon] (pdf)</ref>. The essay inspired [[Charles F. Wilkes|Charles F.]] and [[Charlie Wilkes]] to write their program [[The Fox]] <ref>[http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/full_record.php?iid=doc-431614f6d6b8e Computer Chess Newsletter, Issue 2] 1977 by [[Douglas Penrod]], [[Charles F. Wilkes]] pp. 6-9, Courtesy of [[Peter Jennings]], [http://archive.computerhistory.org/projects/chess/related_materials/text/4-0.Issue_2_Computer_Chess_Newsletter/Issue_2_Computer_Chess_Newsletter.1977.062303031.sm.pdf pdf reprint] from [[The Computer History Museum]]</ref>.
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In his essay ''The Computer Was a Fish'', published in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_Science_Fiction_and_Fact Analog Science Fiction and Fact], August 1972 <ref>[[:Category:George R. R. Martin|George R. R. Martin]] ('''1972'''). ''[http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/title.cgi?115771 The Computer Was a Fish]''. [http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/pl.cgi?57064 Analog Science Fiction/Science Fact, August 1972]</ref>, [[:Category:George R. R. Martin|George R. R. Martin]] mentions the [[ACM 1971]] and a computer chess program called CCCP, which had a certain [[Ben Yalow|Mr. Benjamin Yalow]] on the team <ref>[http://efanzines.com/DrinkTank/DrinkTank319.pdf The Drink Tank 319 - Hugo for Best Novel | Chris Garcia - Editors - James Bacon] (pdf)</ref>. The essay inspired [[Charles F. Wilkes|Charles F.]] and [[Charlie Wilkes]] to write their program [[The Fox]] <ref>[http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/full_record.php?iid=doc-431614f6d6b8e Computer Chess Newsletter, Issue 2] 1977 by [[Douglas Penrod]], [[Charles F. Wilkes]] pp. 6-9, Courtesy of [[Peter Jennings]], hosted by [[The Computer History Museum]]</ref>.
  
 
=Namesake=  
 
=Namesake=  
 
* [[CCCP]] by [[Pawel Koziol]]
 
* [[CCCP]] by [[Pawel Koziol]]
 
=See also=
 
* [[Various Classifications#Acronym|Acronym]]
 
* [[Various Classifications#Fish|Fish]]
 
  
 
=Publications=
 
=Publications=
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'''[[Engines|Up one level]]'''
 
'''[[Engines|Up one level]]'''
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[[Category:Mainframe]]
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[[Category:Acronym]]
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[[Category:Fish]]
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[[Category:Namesake]]
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[[Category:George R. R. Martin]]
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[[Category:CP Suffix]]

Latest revision as of 22:06, 1 January 2020

Home * Engines * CCCP

Flying USSR flag [1]

CCCP,
the Columbia Computer Chess Program developed by a group of students at Columbia University, Steven M. Bellovin, Aron Eisenpress, Andrew Koenig, and Ben Yalow, written in PL/I. CCCP played the ACM 1971, where it ran on IBM 360/91 at Columbia University. The project already started during the ACM 1970 in collaboration with Hans Berliner from Carnegie Mellon University, when J. Biit was operated through a chess GUI written at Columbia for the IBM 2250 Display Unit. The four students continued to develop J. Biit, replacing the back end with a much better set of algorithms, evolving into CCCP (a pun on the Cyrillic abbreviation for the official name of the Soviet Union, Сою́з Сове́тских Социалисти́ческих Респу́блик) after one year of effort [2] .

Team Effort

Andrew Koenig on the individual roles of the programming team [3]

I designed the overall structure of the program and coded much of the human interface. Steve wrote the tree searching and pruning routines, Ben did the move generation and evaluation routines, and Aron wrote the part of the human interface that made it possible to enter moves at a 2250 display with a light pen ...

Selected Games

ACM 1971, round 3, CCCP - David [4]

[Event "ACM 1971"]
[Site "Chicago USA"]
[Date "1971.08.04"]
[Round "3"]
[White "CCCP"]
[Black "David"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]

1.e4 e6 2.d4 Nc6 3.Nc3 g5 4.Bb5 a6 5.Bxc6 dxc6 6.Be3 b5 7.Qh5 b4
8.Bxg5 Nf6 9.Bxf6 Qxf6 10.e5 Qg7 11.Ne4 Qxg2 12.Qf3 Qxf3 13.Nxf3
Bh6 14.Nf6+ Ke7 15.a3 bxa3 16.Rxa3 Rb8 17.O-O Rxb2 18.c4 a5 19.Rxa5
Rb3 20.Kg2 Rxf3 21.Kxf3 Bd2 22.Rc5 Bc3 23.Rxc6 Bb7 24.Nd5+ exd5
25.Rxc7+ Ke6 26.Rxb7 dxc4 27.Rb6+ Kf5 28.Rf6+ Kg5 29.Rg1+ Kh5
30.Rf5+ Kh6 31.Rf6+ Kh5 32.Rf5+ Kh6 33.Rf6+ Kh5 34.Rf5+ 1/2-1/2

The Computer Was a Fish

Analog, August 1972 [5]

In his essay The Computer Was a Fish, published in Analog Science Fiction and Fact, August 1972 [6], George R. R. Martin mentions the ACM 1971 and a computer chess program called CCCP, which had a certain Mr. Benjamin Yalow on the team [7]. The essay inspired Charles F. and Charlie Wilkes to write their program The Fox [8].

Namesake

Publications

External Links

References

Up one level