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'''Book Learning''',<br/>
is a technique of unsupervised [[Reinforcement Learning|reinforcement learning]] motivated by basic requirements for successfully playing a sequence of games, such as avoiding losing games in the same way from certain lines from the [[Opening Book|opening book]], or to recognize its own strong points and guide the engine into positions it does well <ref>[http://www.top-5000.nl/authors/rebel/hints.htm Learning Methods] by [[Ed Schroder|Ed Schröder]]</ref>.
Unsupervised reinforcement learning is characterized by [[Trial and Error|trial and error]] and feeding back reinforcement signals, in this context to modify move probabilities or to add new book moves. The signals are either based on the final outcome of the game, called result-driven learning, and/or by [[Search|search-driven]] learning, i.e. from the [[Score|score]] and trend of first few searches after leaving the book to determine how the program likes the position <ref>[[Robert Hyatt]] ('''1999'''). ''[http://www.craftychess.com/hyatt/learning.html Book Learning - a Methodology to Tune an Opening Book Automatically]''. [[ICGA Journal#22_1|ICCA Journal, Vol. 22, No. 1]]</ref>.
* [[Johannes Fürnkranz]] ('''2000''') ''Machine Learning in Games: A Survey''. Austrian Research Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Technical Report OEFAI-TR-2000-3, [http://www.ofai.at/cgi-bin/get-tr?download=1&paper=oefai-tr-2000-31.pdf pdf] - Chapter 2, Book Learning
* [[Marty Hirsch]] ('''2001'''). ''Machine Learning in MChess Professional'' - [[Advances in Computer Games 9]]
* [[Marek Strejczek]] ('''2004'''). ''Some aspects of chess programming''. M.Sc. thesis, [[Technical University of Łódź]] , Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Department of Computer Science, [http://nesik.republika.pl/download//SomeAspectsOfChessProgramming.zip zipped pdf], 4.2 Experiments with book learning
* [[Thomas Widjaja]] ('''2004'''). ''Knowledge Engineering und Lernen in Spielen - Opening Book Learning''. [http://www.ke.tu-darmstadt.de/lehre/archiv/ss04/se-spiele/OpeningBookLearning.pdf slides as pdf] (German)
* [[Chrilly Donninger]], [[Ulf Lorenz]] ('''2006'''). ''[http://www.springerlink.com/content/b01701g6kx317574/ Innovative Opening-Book Handling]''. [[Advances in Computer Games 11]], [http://www2.cs.uni-paderborn.de/cs/ag-monien/PERSONAL/FLULO/publications/icga_open_springer.pdf pdf]
* [http://www.open-aurec.com/wbforum/viewtopic.php?f=18&t=37030 question about opening book and learning] by [[Uri Blass]], [[Computer Chess Forums|Winboard Forum]], April 26, 2002
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=226258 question about book and learning] by [[Uri Blass]], [[CCC]], April 26, 2002
* [https://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=294486 Shredder and Engine Book Learning] by [[Stephen Ham]], [[CCC]], April 24, 2003 » [[Shredder]]
* [http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=21754 A simple book learning method] by [[Alvaro Cardoso]], [[CCC]], June 12, 2008 » [[Persistent Hash Table]]
==2010 ...==
=External Links=
* [http[:Category:Stanley Clarke|Stanley Clarke]] - [https://wwwen.top-5000wikipedia.nlorg/wiki/authorsSchool_Days_(album) School Days] (1976), [https:/rebel/hintsen.wikipedia.htm Learning Methodsorg/wiki/YouTube YouTube] by [[Ed SchroderVideo: {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xk_gzDQd4zw|alignment=left|Ed Schröder]]valignment=top}}
=References=
'''[[Learning|Up one Level]]'''
[[Category:Stanley Clarke]]
[[Category:Gerry Brown]]
