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Created page with "'''Home * Engines * Black Knight''' FILE:Конный рыцарь 3 (Эрмитаж).jpg|border|right|thumb|Black armor <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wi..."
'''[[Main Page|Home]] * [[Engines]] * Black Knight'''
[[FILE:Конный рыцарь 3 (Эрмитаж).jpg|border|right|thumb|Black armor <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C_3_%28%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B6%29.jpg Black armor in a Russian museum] by [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:George_Shuklin George Shuklin]</ref> ]]
'''Black Knight''',<br/>
a chess program developed in 1974 by [[Fred Prouse]], [[Kenn Sogge]], [[Gary Maltzen]] and [[Lonny Lebahn]] affiliated with [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIVAC Sperry Univac], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roseville,_Minnesota Roseville, Minnesota] <ref>[http://www.lkessler.com/brutefor.shtml Computer Chess - A Memorial to Brute Force] by [[Louis Kessler]]</ref> . Black Knight was written in [[Fortran]] and ran on the [[UNIVAC 1100]] series of computers, playing four [[ACM North American Computer Chess Championship|ACM North American Computer Chess Championships]], the [[ACM 1975]], [[ACM 1976]], [[ACM 1977]] and [[ACM 1978]], and the [[WCCC 1977|2nd World Computer Chess Championship]] 1977 in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toronto Toronto]. It was a selective [[Type B Strategy|Shannon Type B]] program, performing [[Alpha-Beta]] search with [[Evaluation|leaf evaluation]].
=Tigran Petrosian=
During the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1981#1980.2F81_Candidates_Tournament 1980 Candidates Match] between [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viktor_Korchnoi Viktor Korchnoi] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tigran_Petrosian Tigran Petrosian] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velden_am_W%C3%B6rther_See Velden am Wörther See], Black Knight was used to analyze the games. It further played a short game vs. Petrosian, where a draw offer by Petrosian in a better position was accepted after move 14 <ref>[http://www.computerwoche.de/heftarchiv/1980/16/1189322/ Schachcomputer sagt Kortschnojs Sieg voraus:: "Black Knight" gegen Petrossjan unentschieden] April 18, 1980, [[Computerworld#Woche|Computerwoche]] 16/1980 (German)</ref> .
<pre>
[Event "Test match"]
[Site "Velden am Wörther See"]
[Date "1980.03.25"]
[Round "1"]
[White "Tigran Petrosian"]
[Black "Black Knight"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]
1.d4 Nf6 2.Bg5 d5 3.e3 Nc6 4.Bb5 Bg4 5.f3 Bf5 6.Nd2 Qd7 7.c3 e6 8.Ne2 a6 9.Ba4
Be7 10.O-O O-O 11.Qe1 h6 12.Bxf6 Bxf6 13.e4 Bg6 14.Nf4 Kh7
1/2-1/2 {draw offer by Petrosian accepted}
</pre>
=Namesake=
* [[Black Knight Chess]] by [[Nirmel Murtic]] <ref>[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.black.knight.chess&hl=en Black Knight Chess - Android Apps on Google Play]</ref>
=See also=
* [[Various Classifications#Arthur|Arthurian legend]]
* [[Various Classifications#ChessPieces|Chess Pieces]]
* [[Dark Horse]]
* [[Various Classifications#Legend|Legend]]
=Publications=
* [[Monroe Newborn]] ('''1979'''). ''Ostrich IV meets the Black Knight''. [[Personal Computing#3_10|Personal Computing, Vol. 3, No. 10]], pp. 74 » [[ACM 1978]], [[Ostrich]]
=External Links=
==Chess Program==
* [https://www.game-ai-forum.org/icga-tournaments/program.php?id=434 Black Knight's ICGA Tournaments]
==Misc==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_knight Black knight from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_knight_%28disambiguation%29 Black knight (disambiguation) from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Knight_%28Arthurian_legend%29 Black Knight (Arthurian legend) from Wikipedia]
: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Arthurian_characters List of Arthurian characters from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Knight_%28comics%29 Black Knight (comics) from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Knight_%28Monty_Python%29 Black Knight (Monty Python) from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Knight_satellite Black Knight satellite from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Black_Knight_%28Elgar%29 The Black Knight (Elgar) from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincent_Black_Knight Vincent Black Knight from Wikipedia]
=References=
<references />
'''[[Engines|Up one Level]]'''
[[FILE:Конный рыцарь 3 (Эрмитаж).jpg|border|right|thumb|Black armor <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C_3_%28%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B6%29.jpg Black armor in a Russian museum] by [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:George_Shuklin George Shuklin]</ref> ]]
'''Black Knight''',<br/>
a chess program developed in 1974 by [[Fred Prouse]], [[Kenn Sogge]], [[Gary Maltzen]] and [[Lonny Lebahn]] affiliated with [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIVAC Sperry Univac], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roseville,_Minnesota Roseville, Minnesota] <ref>[http://www.lkessler.com/brutefor.shtml Computer Chess - A Memorial to Brute Force] by [[Louis Kessler]]</ref> . Black Knight was written in [[Fortran]] and ran on the [[UNIVAC 1100]] series of computers, playing four [[ACM North American Computer Chess Championship|ACM North American Computer Chess Championships]], the [[ACM 1975]], [[ACM 1976]], [[ACM 1977]] and [[ACM 1978]], and the [[WCCC 1977|2nd World Computer Chess Championship]] 1977 in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toronto Toronto]. It was a selective [[Type B Strategy|Shannon Type B]] program, performing [[Alpha-Beta]] search with [[Evaluation|leaf evaluation]].
=Tigran Petrosian=
During the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Chess_Championship_1981#1980.2F81_Candidates_Tournament 1980 Candidates Match] between [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viktor_Korchnoi Viktor Korchnoi] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tigran_Petrosian Tigran Petrosian] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velden_am_W%C3%B6rther_See Velden am Wörther See], Black Knight was used to analyze the games. It further played a short game vs. Petrosian, where a draw offer by Petrosian in a better position was accepted after move 14 <ref>[http://www.computerwoche.de/heftarchiv/1980/16/1189322/ Schachcomputer sagt Kortschnojs Sieg voraus:: "Black Knight" gegen Petrossjan unentschieden] April 18, 1980, [[Computerworld#Woche|Computerwoche]] 16/1980 (German)</ref> .
<pre>
[Event "Test match"]
[Site "Velden am Wörther See"]
[Date "1980.03.25"]
[Round "1"]
[White "Tigran Petrosian"]
[Black "Black Knight"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]
1.d4 Nf6 2.Bg5 d5 3.e3 Nc6 4.Bb5 Bg4 5.f3 Bf5 6.Nd2 Qd7 7.c3 e6 8.Ne2 a6 9.Ba4
Be7 10.O-O O-O 11.Qe1 h6 12.Bxf6 Bxf6 13.e4 Bg6 14.Nf4 Kh7
1/2-1/2 {draw offer by Petrosian accepted}
</pre>
=Namesake=
* [[Black Knight Chess]] by [[Nirmel Murtic]] <ref>[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.black.knight.chess&hl=en Black Knight Chess - Android Apps on Google Play]</ref>
=See also=
* [[Various Classifications#Arthur|Arthurian legend]]
* [[Various Classifications#ChessPieces|Chess Pieces]]
* [[Dark Horse]]
* [[Various Classifications#Legend|Legend]]
=Publications=
* [[Monroe Newborn]] ('''1979'''). ''Ostrich IV meets the Black Knight''. [[Personal Computing#3_10|Personal Computing, Vol. 3, No. 10]], pp. 74 » [[ACM 1978]], [[Ostrich]]
=External Links=
==Chess Program==
* [https://www.game-ai-forum.org/icga-tournaments/program.php?id=434 Black Knight's ICGA Tournaments]
==Misc==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_knight Black knight from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_knight_%28disambiguation%29 Black knight (disambiguation) from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Knight_%28Arthurian_legend%29 Black Knight (Arthurian legend) from Wikipedia]
: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Arthurian_characters List of Arthurian characters from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Knight_%28comics%29 Black Knight (comics) from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Knight_%28Monty_Python%29 Black Knight (Monty Python) from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Knight_satellite Black Knight satellite from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Black_Knight_%28Elgar%29 The Black Knight (Elgar) from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincent_Black_Knight Vincent Black Knight from Wikipedia]
=References=
<references />
'''[[Engines|Up one Level]]'''
