Difference between revisions of "Bao"
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'''Bao''',<br/> | '''Bao''',<br/> | ||
a traditional [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mancala mancala board game] played in most of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Africa East Africa], most popular among the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swahili_people Swahili people] of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanzania Tanzania], especially [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanzibar Zanzibar] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenya Kenya]. Bao is the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swahili_language swahili] word for ''board'' or ''board game''. <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bao_%28mancala_game%29 Bao (mancala game) from Wikipedia]</ref> . Bao is a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-player_game two-player] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_strategy_game abstract strategy game], and considered as one of the most complex mancala games. The Bao board has four rows of eight pits, each player owns two adjacent rows. | a traditional [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mancala mancala board game] played in most of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Africa East Africa], most popular among the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swahili_people Swahili people] of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanzania Tanzania], especially [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanzibar Zanzibar] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenya Kenya]. Bao is the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swahili_language swahili] word for ''board'' or ''board game''. <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bao_%28mancala_game%29 Bao (mancala game) from Wikipedia]</ref> . Bao is a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-player_game two-player] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_strategy_game abstract strategy game], and considered as one of the most complex mancala games. The Bao board has four rows of eight pits, each player owns two adjacent rows. | ||
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=See also= | =See also= | ||
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* Philip Townshend ('''1982'''). ''[http://www.ascleiden.nl/GetPage.aspx?datastore=5&url=/publications/bibliographies/kenyacoast/ref868 Bao (mankala): the Swahili ethic in African idiom]''. [http://www2.umaine.edu/npf/cat45.html Paideuma] 28 | * Philip Townshend ('''1982'''). ''[http://www.ascleiden.nl/GetPage.aspx?datastore=5&url=/publications/bibliographies/kenyacoast/ref868 Bao (mankala): the Swahili ethic in African idiom]''. [http://www2.umaine.edu/npf/cat45.html Paideuma] 28 | ||
* [[Alex de Voogt]] ('''1995'''). ''Limits of the Mind: Towards a Characterisation of Bao Mastership''. Ph.D. Thesis, CNWS Publications | * [[Alex de Voogt]] ('''1995'''). ''Limits of the Mind: Towards a Characterisation of Bao Mastership''. Ph.D. Thesis, CNWS Publications | ||
+ | * [[Alex de Voogt]] ('''1998'''). ''[https://www.academia.edu/31179662/Seeded_Players Seeded Players]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_History_(magazine) Natural History Magazine], 2/98 | ||
==2000 ...== | ==2000 ...== | ||
− | * [[Alex de Voogt]] ('''2002'''). ''[ | + | * [[Alex de Voogt]] ('''2002'''). ''[https://www.academia.edu/13840134/Reproducing_board_game_positions_Western_Chess_and_African_Bao Reproducing board game positions: Western Chess and African Bao]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss_Journal_of_Psychology Swiss Journal of Psychology], Vol 61, No. 4 |
− | * [[Jeroen Donkers]], [[Jos Uiterwijk]], [[Alex de Voogt]] ('''2002'''). ''Mancala Games - Topics in Artificial Intelligence and Mathematics | + | * [[Jeroen Donkers]], [[Jos Uiterwijk]], [[Alex de Voogt]] ('''2002'''). ''[https://cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl/en/publications/mancala-games-topics-in-artificial-intelligence-and-mathematics Mancala Games - Topics in Artificial Intelligence and Mathematics]''. In [[Jean Retschitzki]], [[Rosita Haddad-Zubel]] (eds.) ('''2002'''). ''Step by Step''. Proceedings of the 4th Colloquium ''Board Games in Academia''. Edition [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Fribourg Universitaires Fribourg Suisse] |
* [[Jeroen Donkers]], [[Jos Uiterwijk]] ('''2002'''). ''Programming Bao''. [[7th Computer Olympiad#Workshop|7th Computer Olympiad Workshop]], [http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.106.6870&rep=rep1&type=pdf pdf] | * [[Jeroen Donkers]], [[Jos Uiterwijk]] ('''2002'''). ''Programming Bao''. [[7th Computer Olympiad#Workshop|7th Computer Olympiad Workshop]], [http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.106.6870&rep=rep1&type=pdf pdf] | ||
− | * [[Jeroen Donkers]], [[Jaap van den Herik]], [[Jos Uiterwijk]] ('''2003'''). ''Opponent Models in Bao: Conditions of a Successfull Application'' | + | * [[Jeroen Donkers]], [[Jaap van den Herik]], [[Jos Uiterwijk]] ('''2003'''). ''Opponent Models in Bao: Conditions of a Successfull Application''. [[Advances in Computer Games 10]] |
* [[Alex de Voogt]] ('''2003'''). ''[http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=163871&fulltextType=RA&fileId=S0041977X03000053 Muyaka's poetry in the history of Bao]''. [http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayIssue?jid=BSO&volumeId=66&issueId=01&seriesId=0 Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, Vol. 66, No. 1] | * [[Alex de Voogt]] ('''2003'''). ''[http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=163871&fulltextType=RA&fileId=S0041977X03000053 Muyaka's poetry in the history of Bao]''. [http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayIssue?jid=BSO&volumeId=66&issueId=01&seriesId=0 Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, Vol. 66, No. 1] | ||
− | * [[Jeroen Donkers]], [[Jaap van den Herik]], [[Jos Uiterwijk]] ('''2004'''). ''Probabilistic Opponent-Model Search in Bao''. | + | * [[Jeroen Donkers]], [[Jaap van den Herik]], [[Jos Uiterwijk]], ('''2004'''). ''[https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-28643-1_53 Probabilistic Opponent-Model Search in Bao]''. [https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/b99837 Entertainment Computing - ICEC 2004], LNCS 3166, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Springer_Science%2BBusiness_Media Springer] |
− | + | * [[Tom Kronenburg]], [[Jeroen Donkers]], [[Alex de Voogt]] ('''2006'''). ''Never-Ending Moves in Bao''. [[ICGA Journal#29_2|ICGA Journal, Vol. 29, No. 2]] | |
− | * [[Tom Kronenburg]], [[Jeroen Donkers]], [[Alex de Voogt]] ('''2006'''). ''Never-Ending Moves in Bao''. [[ICGA Journal#29_2|ICGA Journal, Vol. 29, No. 2]], [ | + | ==2010 ...== |
+ | * [[Alex de Voogt]], Lisa Rougetet, [https://github.com/NathanEpstein Nathan Epstein] ('''2018'''). ''[https://www.nctm.org/Publications/Mathematics-Teacher/2018/Vol112/Issue1/Using-Mancala-in-the-Mathematics-Classroom/ Using Mancala in the Mathematics Classroom]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Council_of_Teachers_of_Mathematics#Journals The Mathematics Teacher], Vol. 112, No. 1 | ||
=External Links= | =External Links= | ||
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* [http://www.wikimanqala.org/wiki/Bao Bao] from [http://www.wikimanqala.org/wiki/Main_Page Wikimanqala] | * [http://www.wikimanqala.org/wiki/Bao Bao] from [http://www.wikimanqala.org/wiki/Main_Page Wikimanqala] | ||
* [http://mancala.wikia.com/wiki/Bao_la_Kiswahili Bao la kiswahili] from [http://mancala.wikia.com/wiki/Main_Page Mancala World] | * [http://mancala.wikia.com/wiki/Bao_la_Kiswahili Bao la kiswahili] from [http://mancala.wikia.com/wiki/Main_Page Mancala World] | ||
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* [http://www.gamecabinet.com/rules/Bao.html Bao (Zanzibar) rules] by Rob Nierse, [http://www.gamecabinet.com/ The Game Cabinet] | * [http://www.gamecabinet.com/rules/Bao.html Bao (Zanzibar) rules] by Rob Nierse, [http://www.gamecabinet.com/ The Game Cabinet] | ||
* [http://www.gamecabinet.com/rules/Bao2.html Bao (Malawi) rules] related to Pete Duckworth by Mark Chikoko, transcribed by Adrian Brooks, [http://www.gamecabinet.com/ The Game Cabinet] | * [http://www.gamecabinet.com/rules/Bao2.html Bao (Malawi) rules] related to Pete Duckworth by Mark Chikoko, transcribed by Adrian Brooks, [http://www.gamecabinet.com/ The Game Cabinet] | ||
− | + | * [[:Category:Simon Phillips|Simon Phillips]], [[:Category:Philippe Saisse|Philippe Saisse]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pino_Palladino Pino Palladino] - Mancala, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoetermeer Zoetermeer], November 15, 2009, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube YouTube] Video | |
− | * [[:Category:Simon Phillips|Simon Phillips]], [ | ||
: {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TLKoGuNNdwE|alignment=left|valignment=top}} | : {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TLKoGuNNdwE|alignment=left|valignment=top}} | ||
=References= | =References= | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
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'''[[Games|Up one Level]]''' | '''[[Games|Up one Level]]''' | ||
[[Category:Simon Phillips]] | [[Category:Simon Phillips]] | ||
+ | [[Category:Philippe Saisse]] |
Latest revision as of 20:10, 26 June 2020
Bao,
a traditional mancala board game played in most of East Africa, most popular among the Swahili people of Tanzania, especially Zanzibar and Kenya. Bao is the swahili word for board or board game. [2] . Bao is a two-player abstract strategy game, and considered as one of the most complex mancala games. The Bao board has four rows of eight pits, each player owns two adjacent rows.
Contents
See also
Selected Publications
- Thomas Hyde (1694). De Ludis Orientalibus (Libri Duo: Historia Nerdiludii), Oxford [3]
1978 ...
- Philip Townshend (1978). Games of Strategy: A new Look at Correlates. The Association for the Anthropological Study of Play, Vol. 4, No. 4
- Philip Townshend (1979). Anthropological perspectives on bao (mankala) games. Institute of African Studies, University of Nairobi, amazon
1980 ...
- Philip Townshend (1982). Bao (mankala): the Swahili ethic in African idiom. Paideuma 28
- Alex de Voogt (1995). Limits of the Mind: Towards a Characterisation of Bao Mastership. Ph.D. Thesis, CNWS Publications
- Alex de Voogt (1998). Seeded Players. Natural History Magazine, 2/98
2000 ...
- Alex de Voogt (2002). Reproducing board game positions: Western Chess and African Bao. Swiss Journal of Psychology, Vol 61, No. 4
- Jeroen Donkers, Jos Uiterwijk, Alex de Voogt (2002). Mancala Games - Topics in Artificial Intelligence and Mathematics. In Jean Retschitzki, Rosita Haddad-Zubel (eds.) (2002). Step by Step. Proceedings of the 4th Colloquium Board Games in Academia. Edition Universitaires Fribourg Suisse
- Jeroen Donkers, Jos Uiterwijk (2002). Programming Bao. 7th Computer Olympiad Workshop, pdf
- Jeroen Donkers, Jaap van den Herik, Jos Uiterwijk (2003). Opponent Models in Bao: Conditions of a Successfull Application. Advances in Computer Games 10
- Alex de Voogt (2003). Muyaka's poetry in the history of Bao. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, Vol. 66, No. 1
- Jeroen Donkers, Jaap van den Herik, Jos Uiterwijk, (2004). Probabilistic Opponent-Model Search in Bao. Entertainment Computing - ICEC 2004, LNCS 3166, Springer
- Tom Kronenburg, Jeroen Donkers, Alex de Voogt (2006). Never-Ending Moves in Bao. ICGA Journal, Vol. 29, No. 2
2010 ...
- Alex de Voogt, Lisa Rougetet, Nathan Epstein (2018). Using Mancala in the Mathematics Classroom. The Mathematics Teacher, Vol. 112, No. 1
External Links
- Bao (mancala game) from Wikipedia
- Bao from Wikimanqala
- Bao la kiswahili from Mancala World
- Bao (Zanzibar) rules by Rob Nierse, The Game Cabinet
- Bao (Malawi) rules related to Pete Duckworth by Mark Chikoko, transcribed by Adrian Brooks, The Game Cabinet
- Simon Phillips, Philippe Saisse, Pino Palladino - Mancala, Zoetermeer, November 15, 2009, YouTube Video