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'''[[Main Page|Home]] * Artificial Intelligence'''
[[FILE:computerzeitalter.jpg|border|right|thumb|link=http://www.schaakkunst.nl/Schaakkunst_besser.htm?id=GK&id2=GA&id3=IN|[[Arts#:Category:Bernd Besser|Bernd Besser]], computerzeitalter <ref>[http://www.schaakkunst.nl/Schaakkunst_besser.htm?id=GK&id2=GA&id3=IN Schaakkunst Bernd Besser]</ref> ]]
'''Artificial Intelligence''', (AI)<br/>
* [[David Wilkins]] ('''1980'''). ''Using patterns and plans in chess''. Artificial Intelligence, vol. 14, pp. 165-203. Reprinted ('''1988''') in [[Computer Chess Compendium]]
* [[Marvin Minsky]] ('''1980'''). ''K-Lines: A Theory of Memory''. Cognitive Science 4, 117-133, [http://csjarchive.cogsci.rpi.edu/1980v04/i02/p0117p0133/MAIN.PDF pdf] <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-line_%28artificial_intelligence%29 K-line (artificial intelligence) from Wikipedia]</ref>
* [[Mathematician#TWinograd|Terry Winograd]] ('''1980'''). ''What Does it Mean to Understand Language?'' [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_Science_(journal) Cognitive Science], Vol. 4, No. 3
* [[Hans Berliner]] ('''1981'''). ''An Examination of Brute Force Intelligence.'' Proceedings of [http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/%7Eley/db/conf/ijcai/ijcai81.html IJCAI 81], Vancouver, pp. 581-587, Vancouver. [http://ijcai.org/Past%20Proceedings/IJCAI-81-VOL%201/PDF/105.pdf pdf]
* [http://www.linkedin.com/in/avronbarr Avron Barr], [[Edward Feigenbaum]] (eds.) ('''1981'''). ''[http://archive.org/details/handbookofartific01barr The Handbook of Artificial Intelligence]''. Vol. 1, HeurisTech Press
* [http://w3.sista.arizona.edu/~cohen/ Paul Cohen], [[Edward Feigenbaum]] (eds.) ('''1982'''). ''[http://archive.org/details/handbookofartific03cohe The Handbook of Artificial Intelligence]''. Vol. 3, HeurisTech Press
* [[Donald Michie]] ('''1982'''). ''Chess with computers. Machine Intelligence and Related Topics''. Gordon and Breach Science
* [[Dana Nau|Dana S. Nau]], [[Vipin Kumar]], [[Laveen Kanal|Laveen N. Kanal]] ('''1982'''). ''A General Paradigm for A.I. Search Procedures''. [http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/conf/aaai/aaai82.html#NauKK82 AAAI 1982]
* [http://web.cecs.pdx.edu/~mperkows/index.html Marek Perkowski], [http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrzej_G%C3%B3ralski Andrzej Goralski], [[Gerard Zieliński]] ('''1982'''). ''Elements of Artificial Intelligence''. Institute of Automatic Control, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warsaw_University_of_Technology Warsaw University of Technology]
* [[A. Harry Klopf]] ('''1982'''). ''The Hedonistic Neuron: A Theory of Memory, Learning, and Intelligence''. Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, [[University of Michigan]]
* [[Danny Kopec]], [[Donald Michie]] ('''1983'''). ''Mismatch between machine representations and human concepts: dangers and remedies.'' FAST series No. 9 report. European Community, Brussels.
* [[Ryszard Michalski]], [[Jaime Carbonell]], [[Tom Mitchell]] ('''1983'''). ''Machine Learning: An Artificial Intelligence Approach''. Tioga Publishing Company, [http://books.google.com/books?id=KlNQAAAAMAAJ&q=isbn:0935382054&dq=isbn:0935382054&hl=de&ei=JE4-TtymDInUsgbmm_kG&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCkQ6AEwAA google books]
* [[Mathematician#TWinograd|Terry Winograd]] ('''1983'''). ''[https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1098647 Language as a cognitive process 1: Syntax]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addison-Wesley Addison-Wesley]
==1985 ...==
* [[Ryszard Michalski]], [[Jaime Carbonell]], [[Tom Mitchell]] ('''1985'''). ''Machine Learning: An Artificial Intelligence Approach''. Morgan Kaufmann, [http://books.google.com/books?id=TWzuUd5gsnkC&dq=isbn%3A0935382054&hl=de&source=gbs_book_other_versions google books]
* [[Ryszard Michalski]], [[Jaime Carbonell]], [[Tom Mitchell]] ('''1986'''). ''Machine Learning: An Artificial Intelligence Approach, Volume II''. Morgan Kaufmann, [http://books.google.com/books?id=f9RylgKpHZsC&dq=isbn%3A0935382054&hl=de&source=gbs_book_other_versions google books]
* [[Herbert Simon]] ('''1986'''). ''[http://www.computer.org/csdl/trans/ts/1986/07/06312974-abs.html Whether Software Engineering Needs to Be Artificially Intelligent]''. [[IEEE#SE|IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering]], Vol. 12, No. 7
* [[Mathematician#TWinograd|Terry Winograd]], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_Flores Fernando Flores] ('''1987'''). ''[https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=576359 Understanding computers and cognition - a new foundation for design]''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addison-Wesley Addison-Wesley]
* [[Mathematician#JELaird|John E. Laird]], [[Allen Newell]], [[Paul S. Rosenbloom]] ('''1987'''). ''SOAR: An Architecture for General Intelligence''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_Intelligence_(journal) Artificial Intelligence], Vol. 33, No. 1
* [[Christopher Chabris]] ('''1987'''). ''Artificial Intelligence and Turbo Pascal - Book and Disk''. Irwin Professional Pub, [http://www.amazon.com/Artificial-Intelligence-Turbo-Pascal-Book/dp/0870949632/ref=sr_1_10?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1352556486&sr=1-10 amazon.com] » [[Pascal#TurboPascal|Turbo Pascal]]
* [[Dinesh Gadwal]], [http://www.cs.usask.ca/faculty/greer/ Jim Greer], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordon_McCalla Gordon McCalla] ('''1991'''). ''UMRAO: A Chess Endgame Tutor.'' ARIES Laboratory, Department of Computational Science, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Saskatchewan University of Saskatchewan], [http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/ijcai/ijcai91.html IJCAI-91], [http://ijcai.org/Past%20Proceedings/IJCAI-91-VOL2/PDF/069.pdf pdf]
* [[Robert W. Howard]] ('''1991'''). ''All about Intelligence: Human, Animal, and Artificial''. New South Wales University Press Ltd, [http://www.amazon.com/All-About-Intelligence-Animal-Artificial/dp/0868402524 amazon.com]
* [[Rajjan Shinghal]] ('''1991'''). ''Formal Concepts in Artificial Intelligence: Fundamentals''. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapman_%26_Hall Chapman & Hall], [https://www.amazon.com/Formal-Concepts-Artificial-Intelligence-Fundamentals/dp/0412407906 amazon.com]
'''1992'''
* [[Patrick Winston]] ('''1992''') ''[http://people.csail.mit.edu/phw/Books/AIBACK.HTML Artificial Intelligence].'' (third Edition)
* [[John McCarthy]] ('''1997'''). ''[http://www-formal.stanford.edu/jmc/newborn/newborn.html AI as Sport].'' Science, Vol. 276
* [[Santos Gerardo Lazzeri]], [[Rachelle Heller]] ('''1997'''). ''Application of Fuzzy Logic and Case-Based Reasoning to the Generation of High-Level Advice in Chess''. [[Advances in Computer Chess 8]]
* [[Matjaž Gams]], [[Mathematician#MPaprzycki|Marcin Paprzycki]], [http://www.ucs.louisiana.edu/~xxw8007/ Xindong Wu] (eds.) ('''1997'''). ''[https://www.iospress.nl/book/mind-versus-computer/ Mind Versus Computer: Were Dreyfusand Dreyfus and Winograd Right?]'' [https://www.iospress.nl/bookserie/frontiers-in-artificial-intelligence-and-applications/ Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications], Vol. 43, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS_Press IOS Press] <ref>[https://www.biblio.com/dunlop-charles-e-m/author/1216693 Charles E. M. Dunlop] ('''2000'''). ''Book Review 'Mind Versus Computer' ''. [https://link.springer.com/journal/11023 Minds and Machines], Vol. 10, No. 2</ref> <ref>[[Matjaž Gams]] ('''2002'''). ''[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023%2FA%3A1013746105950 The Turing machine may not be the universal machine]''. [https://link.springer.com/journal/11023 Minds and Machines], Vol. 12, No. 1</ref>
'''1998'''
* [[Franz-Günter Winkler]], [[Johannes Fürnkranz]] ('''1998'''). ''A Hypothesis on the Divergence of AI Research.'' [[ICGA Journal#21_1|ICCA Journal, Vol. 21, No. 1]], [http://members.aon.at/fgwinkler/PAPER/AI_chess.pdf pdf]
=External Links=
==WikipediaPedia==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence Artificial intelligence from Wikipedia]
* [http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/A/artificial_intelligence.html Artificial intelligence], [http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/ETEmain.html The Encyclopedia of Science] by [[David Darling]]
* <span id="distributed"></span>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_artificial_intelligence Distributed artificial intelligence from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strong_AI Strong AI from Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weak_AI Weak AI from Wikipedia]
=References=
<references />
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