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Alex Bernstein

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Finally, the trajectory of [[Mathematician#VBernstein|Vladimir Bernstein]] (1900 - 1936) constitutes another singular case,
described in detail in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruno_Finzi Finzi] (1936).
Born in 1900 in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Petersburg Saint Petersburg], Bernstein entered the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Petersburg_State_University local university] when he was 17 to specialize in mathematics and became close to [[Mathematician#JVUspensky|Yakov Viktorovich Uspensky]] (1883 - 1947).
Taking advantage of the proximity of the border, he decided to emigrate during the winter of 1919 by reaching [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vyborg Vyborg] on the other side of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_of_Finland Gulf of Finland]. Unfortunately, he was seriously wounded by bullet before arriving there, and he never fully recovered from this injury that led to his premature death in 1936.
Arrived in France in the mid-1920s after a stay in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London London], he entered the [[University of Paris|Sorbonne]] and in 1930 defended a Ph.D. on the singularities of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirichlet_series Dirichlet series], dedicated to ‘his master [[Mathematician#PMontel|Paul Montel]]’.
The book was introduced by a very laudatory preface by [[Mathematician#JSHadamard|Hadamard]]. It was in Italy, however, that Bernstein decided to settle down (he had already published several papers in Italian journals).
He obtained Italian citizenship in 1931 and was responsible for teaching superior [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_analysis analysis] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milan Milan] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytic_geometry analytical geometry] in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Pavia Pavia].</ref>.
In 1940, Vladimir’s mother Elizabeth and her second husband fled from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fascist_Italy_(1922%E2%80%931943) Fascist Italy], bringing Alex and his sister to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City New York City].
Alex Bernstein started playing chess seriously during his high school time at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_College_of_New_York City College]. After graduating from [[Columbia University]],
he served at the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Army US army], where he became acquainted with [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer computers].
Alex Bernstein, pp. 180:
I started playing chess seriously, I guess, when I was in high school. I played chess so much that it affected my grades in college. One year I played chess to the exclusion of everything else and woke up at the end of the term and discovered I had failed two courses. I was going to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_College_of_New_York City College] at the time. I failed a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physics physics] course and a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics math] course — theory of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Function_of_a_real_variable functions of real variables]. It was quite a shock and I gave up chess after that term. I suppose I continued reading about it, but I stopped playing chess. Then in graduate school, although I’d given up math for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medieval_literature medieval literature] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medieval_poetry poetry], I worked as an assistant in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_engineering civil engineering] department. After that I went into the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Army army], and because of my work at [[Columbia University|Columbia]] and what I was doing in the army — working in a special research and development outfit of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_Corps_(United_States_Army) Signal Corps—ICorps] , I became acquainted with [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer computers] and what they could do.
Pamela McCorduck, pp. 181:
* [https://www.computerhistory.org/chess/search/?q=Alex+Bernstein Alex Bernstein] from [[The Computer History Museum]]
* [https://www.gettyimages.de/fotos/ibm-704?editorialproducts=timelife&family=editorial&phrase=IBM%20704&page=1&recency=anydate&suppressfamilycorrection=true Photos] with [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Lasker Edward Lasker] by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andreas_Feininger Andreas Feininger], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Getty_Images Getty Images] » [[IBM 704#QuoteMachinesWhoThink|Quote from Machines Who Think]]
* [httphttps://www.research.ibmnewyorker.com/deepbluemagazine/1958/11/reference29/runner-up-4 Runner-Up - The New Yorker], November 29, 1958* [https:/html/iwww.chess.com/blog/Ginger_GM/the-history-of-computer-chess-part-3.html -alex-bernstein The History of Computer Chess Pieces - IBM ResearchPart 3 - Alex Bernstein] by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Williams_(chess_player) Simon Williams] the , [[Deep BlueChess.com]] site, August 31, 2019* [https://www.newyorkerchess.com/magazineblog/1958Ginger_GM/11/29/runnerthe-history-of-computer-chess-uppart-4 Runner-Up alex-bernstein- continued The New Yorker History of Computer Chess - Part 4 - November 29Alex Bernstein continued...] by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Williams_(chess_player) Simon Williams], 1958[[Chess.com]], September 28, 2019
* <span id="Video"></span>Alex Bernstein: ''juega al ajedrez con un'' IBM 704 (Thinking Machines) [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube YouTube] Video
: {{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NUjiUR0ZH58|alignment=left|valignment=top}}

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