History

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History of Computer Chess - about ancient programs, computer chess pioneers and chess programming history.

=Early Theorists=

=Famous Historic Computers and Programs=

=Famous Matches=
 * Stanford-ITEP Match
 * Levy versus Chess 1978
 * Kasparov versus Deep Blue 1996
 * Kasparov versus Deep Blue 1997
 * The Machine

=Tournaments=
 * ACM North American Computer Chess Championship since 1970
 * World Computer Chess Championship since 1974

=People= Pioneers in Computer Chess and Artificial Intelligence:
 * Georgy Adelson-Velsky
 * Alex Bernstein
 * Mikhail Botvinnik
 * Alexander Brudno
 * Edward Feigenbaum
 * Edward Fredkin
 * Jack Good
 * Donald Knuth
 * Alexander Kronrod
 * John McCarthy
 * Donald Michie
 * Marvin Minsky
 * Tihamér Nemes
 * John von Neumann
 * Allen Newell
 * John Pasta
 * Dietrich Prinz
 * Arthur Samuel
 * Claude Shannon
 * Cliff Shaw
 * Mikhail R. Shura-Bura
 * Herbert Simon
 * Christopher Strachey
 * Leonardo Torres y Quevedo
 * Alan Turing
 * Stanislaw Ulam
 * Norbert Wiener
 * Ernst Zermelo
 * Konrad Zuse

=Chess Programming History=
 * History of Minimax
 * History of Alpha-Beta
 * History of Principal Variation Search
 * History of Retrograde Analysis
 * Bitboard History
 * History of Null Move Pruning

=Museums= related to Computer Chess History:
 * The Computer History Museum
 * Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum
 * Russian Virtual Computer Museum

=See also=
 * Mathematician

=Publications=
 * David Heath, Derek Allum (1997). The Historical Development of Computer Chess and its Impact on Artificial Intelligence. Deep Blue versus Kasparov, AAAI Workshop, pdf
 * Alexander Reinefeld (2005). Die Entwicklung der Spielprogrammierung: Von John von Neumann bis zu den hochparallelen Schachmaschinen. slides as pdf, Themen der Informatik im historischen Kontext Ringvorlesung an der HU Berlin, 02.06.2005 (English paper, German title)
 * Jill Cirasella, Danny Kopec (2006). The History of Computer Games. CUNY Academic Works
 * Dag Spicer, Kirsten Tashev (2006). The Quest to build a Thinking Machine - A History of Computer Chess. Core 5.1 a publication of The Computer History Museum
 * Jaap van den Herik (2018). From Shannon to Turing to DeepMind. CG 2018 Keynote Lecture, an elaboration of the keynote lecture as
 * Jaap van den Herik (2018). Computer chess: From idea to DeepMind. ICGA Journal, Vol. 40, No. 3


 * Jonathan Schaeffer (2020). Fifty years of computer chess. ICGA Journal, Vol. 42, Nos. 2-3
 * Jonathan Schaeffer (2020). The 1970 United States computer chess championship: The start of the longest-running experiment in computer science history. ICGA Journal, Vol. 42, Nos. 2-3 » ACM 1970

=Forum Posts=
 * What Chess programs existed in the '60s? by Pete Galati, CCC, April 13, 2000
 * Computer Chess History, a lot of links inside by Vincent Lejeune, January 04, 2013
 * Checkmate: IBM’s Deep Blue Team Discuss the World Comp Chess by Vincent Lejeune, July 30, 2013
 * Old programs CHAOS and USC by Eugene Piercy, CCC, July 11, 2015
 * Re: Old programs CHAOS and USC by Dann Corbit, CCC, July 11, 2015


 * The mystery of Alex Bernstein by Sergei S. Markoff, CCC, June 06, 2019 » Alex Bernstein
 * Widely unknown pioneering chess "paper machine" by Gunter Sсhliebs by Sergei S. Markoff, CCC, June 06, 2019

=External Links=

History of AI

 * History of artificial intelligence from Wikipedia » Artificial Intelligence
 * History of Artificial Intelligence from Stottler Henke, Inc.
 * Short History of Computing, AI and Robotics by Philipp Schaumann
 * The “Modern” History of Artificial Intelligence and Programs from Neuroscience Of Intelligence
 * Early History Artificial Intelligence and Games

History of Computer Chess

 * Classic Computer Chess - ... The programs of yesteryear by Carey, hosted by the Internet Archive
 * Computer chess chronology (1729-2011) in Wikipedia
 * Core 5.1 Computer Chess (pdf) from The Computer History Museum
 * Computer Chess: The Drosophila of AI by L. Stephen Coles, October 30, 2002, Dr. Dobbs
 * Chess Computers - The UK Story from Chess Computer UK by Mike Watters
 * Computer Chess History Pages, CSVN
 * Competitions, Controversies, and Computer Chess (pdf) by Michael Brudno (May 2000)
 * Les premiers automates, blitzchess.fr (French)
 * Historic Pictures from the Rebel site of Ed Schröder
 * History of Computer Chess from The Computer History Museum
 * The History of Computer Chess - an AI Perspective, September 08, 2005, The Computer History Museum, YouTube Video no longer available
 * Murray Campbell, Edward Feigenbaum, David Levy, John McCarthy, Monty Newborn


 * A Brief History of Computer Chess | The Best Schools by Erik J. Larson
 * "20 Halbzüge nach 30 Millionen Jahren" by Stephan Oliver Platz, ChessBase Nachrichten, November 20, 2017 (German) incorporated in
 * TCEC: Superfinal Houdini vs Komodo by Stephan Oliver Platz, ChessBase News, November 23, 2017 » TCEC Season 10


 * The History of Computer Chess - Part 1 - The 'Mechanical' Turk by Simon Williams, Chess.com, May 31, 2019
 * The History of Computer Chess - Part 2 - Turochamp by Simon Williams, Chess.com, July 15, 2019 » Turochamp
 * The History of Computer Chess - Part 3 - Alex Bernstein by Simon Williams, Chess.com, August 31, 2019 » Alex Bernstein
 * The History of Computer Chess - Part 4 - Alex Bernstein continued... by Simon Williams, Chess.com, September 28, 2019

Computer Chess - A Movie

 * Compter Chess - A Movie by Andrew Bujalski, Sundance Film Festival, 2013
 * Computer Chess (film) from Wikipedia
 * Computer Chess | Facebook
 * The United States Chess Federation - A New Lens on Computer Chess by Dr. Alexey Root, August 14, 2011
 * The United States Chess Federation - The Making of Computer Chess by Dr. Alexey Root, July 17, 2013
 * Computer Chess Official Trailer 1 (2013) - Comedy Movie HD, YouTube Video


 * Checkmate: Members of IBM’s Deep Blue Team Discuss the World of Computer Chess, June 1, 2013 » Murray Campbell, Deep Blue

=References= Up one level