Passed Pawn

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A passed pawn, also called free pawn or passer, is a pawn with no opponent pawns in front on the same or adjacent files. In case of doubled pawns, it is wrong to score the back twin as passed, even if it meets the above conditions. Therefor, the passer requires his front span disjoint from all other pawns, as well as the front fill disjoint from opponent pawn attacks, which also excludes pawn levers.

=Considerations= In its simplest form, passed pawn evaluation assigns a bonus which increases as the pawn advances, often by dedicated piece-square tables. There are, however, different considerations to be taken into account, some of which are listed below.


 * Blockade of Stop
 * Control of Stop and Telestop
 * Connected Passed Pawns
 * King Pawn Tropism
 * Outside Passed Pawn
 * Pawn Race
 * Protected Passed Pawn
 * Rule of the Square
 * Tarrasch Rule
 * Unstoppable Passer

=See also=
 * Candidate Passed Pawn
 * Hidden Passed Pawn
 * Passed Pawns (Bitboards)
 * Passed Pawn Extensions
 * Pawns Breakthrough
 * Promotions
 * Réti Endgame Study
 * Set-wise Rule of the Square

=Forum Posts=

1998 ...

 * Passed Pawn Evaluation by Stuart Cracraft, CCC, April 27, 1998
 * Passed pawn values by James Robertson, CCC, October 27, 1999

2000 ...

 * Passed Pawn Suite by Howard Exner, CCC, February 24, 2000 » Test-Positions
 * Intersting testposition: multiple passed pawns by Alexander Kure, CCC, March 23, 2003
 * passed pawn evaluation by macaroni, CCC, January 11, 2004

2010 ...

 * Passed Pawns (endgame) by Marek Kwiatkowski, CCC, May 07, 2010
 * An unstoppable passed pawn by Marek Kwiatkowski, CCC, June 11, 2010
 * Improving evaluation of passed pawns by Ben-Hur Carlos Vieira Langoni Junior, CCC, January 22, 2011 » Candidate Passed Pawn
 * passed pawn question by Alberto Sanjuan, CCC, August 02, 2013

2015 ...

 * The strongest passer by Lyudmil Tsvetkov, CCC, February 19, 2015
 * bad eval for passers ? by Daniel Anulliero, CCC, February 23, 2015
 * passed but doubled pawns by Jon Dart, CCC, June 15, 2015 » Doubled Pawn
 * Passed pawn detection in array based board representations by Shawn Chidester, CCC, September 20, 2015
 * Passed pawn evaluation by Daniel Mehrmann, CCC, December 13, 2015

=External Links=
 * Passed pawn from Wikipedia
 * Top 10 chess: Tactical Motif IV: Passed pawns & Promotions
 * Passed Pawn Evaluation from Rybka 1.0 beta vs. Fruit Evaluation by Zach Wegner » Rybka Controversy

=References=

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