Raymond Smullyan

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Raymond Merrill Smullyan, (May 25, 1919 - February 6, 2017 ) was an American mathematician, logician, philosopher, magician, pianist, and Professor Emeritus of Philosophy from Indiana University Bloomington. He held a Ph.D. in mathematics on the theory of formal systems from Princeton University under advisor Alonzo Church. Smullyan was author of fourteen books and of numerous research articles on the topics of mathematical logic, first-order logic, set theory, theory of computable functions, recreational mathematics, mathematical games and puzzles, retrograde chess problems, and Eastern philosophy. He has been a contributor to Scientific American.

=See also=
 * Retrograde Analysis

=Selected Publications=

1959

 * Raymond Smullyan (1959). Theory of Formal Systems. Ph.D. thesis, Princeton University, advisor Alonzo Church

1960 ...

 * Raymond Smullyan (1961). Theory of Formal Systems. AM-47, Annals of Mathematics, Princeton University Press
 * Raymond Smullyan (1968). First-Order Logic. Springer

1970 ...

 * Raymond Smullyan (1977). The Tao Is Silent. HarperOne
 * Raymond Smullyan (1977). Is God a Taoist? MIT
 * Raymond Smullyan (1978). What Is the Name of This Book? The Riddle of Dracula and Other Logical Puzzles. Prentice Hall
 * Raymond Smullyan (1979). The Chess Mysteries of Sherlock Holmes. Knopf

1980 ...

 * Raymond Smullyan (1981). The Chess Mysteries of the Arabian Knights. Knopf
 * 8/8/8/1r1b4/B7/8/8/3k4
 * Where is the white king?


 * Raymond Smullyan (1982). The Lady or the Tiger? - ladies, tigers, and more logic puzzles. Random House
 * Raymond Smullyan (1982). An Epistemological Nightmare. MIT
 * Raymond Smullyan (1985). To Mock a Mockingbird and Other Logic Puzzles: Including an Amazing Adventure in Combinatory Logic. Knopf
 * Raymond Smullyan (1987). Alice in Puzzle-Land: A Carrollian Tale for Children Under Eighty. Penguin Books, Introduction by Martin Gardner

1990 ...

 * Raymond Smullyan (1992). Satan, Cantor and Infinity: Mind-Boggling Puzzles. Knopf
 * Raymond Smullyan (1992). Gödel's Incompleteness Theorems. Oxford University Press
 * Raymond Smullyan (1993). Recursion Theory for Metamathematics. Oxford University Press
 * Raymond Smullyan (1994). Diagonalization and Self-Reference. Oxford University Press
 * Raymond Smullyan (1995). First-Order Logic. Dover Publications
 * Raymond Smullyan (1996). Set Theory and the Continuum Problem. Oxford University Press
 * Raymond Smullyan (1998). The Riddle of Scheherazade: And Other Amazing Puzzles. Mariner Books

2000 ...

 * Raymond Smullyan (2000). To Mock a Mockingbird - And Other Logic Puzzles. Oxford University Press
 * Raymond Smullyan (2002). Some Interesting Memories: A Paradoxical Life. Thinkers' Press
 * Raymond Smullyan (2003). Who Knows? A Study of Religious Consciousness. Indiana University Press
 * Raymond Smullyan (2007). The Magic Garden of George B. And Other Logic Puzzles. Polimetrica
 * Raymond Smullyan (2008). Logical Labyrinths. A K Peters
 * Raymond Smullyan (2009). Satan, Cantor and Infinity: Mind-Boggling Puzzles. Dover Publications

2010 ...

 * Raymond Smullyan (2010). King Arthur in Search of His Dog and Other Curious Puzzles. Dover Books on Mathematics
 * Raymond Smullyan (2011). The Chess Mysteries of Sherlock Holmes. Dover Books on Mathematics, reprint of the Knopf, 1979 edition
 * Raymond Smullyan (2013). The Gödelian Puzzle Book: Puzzles, Paradoxes and Proofs. Dover Publications
 * Jason Rosenhouse, Raymond Smullyan (2014). Four Lives: A Celebration of Raymond Smullyan. Dover Publications

=External Links=

Smullyan

 * Raymond Smullyan from Wikipedia
 * Raymond Smullyan - Wikiquote
 * Raymond Smullyan | Department of Philosophy | Indiana University Bloomington
 * The Mathematics Genealogy Project - Raymond Smullyan
 * Smullyan biography, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, Scotland
 * Raymond Smullyan and friends from Kadon Enterprises, Inc.
 * Mathematician and puzzle-maker Raymond Smullyan dead at 97 by Hannah Osborne, International Business Times, February 10, 2017
 * In Joop van Oosterom and Raymond Smullyan, chess loses two colorful characters by David R. Sands, Washington Times, February 14, 2017

A Mathematical Mystery Tour

 * A Mathematical Mystery Tour - BBC Horizon Documentary (1984), Vimeo Video
 * featuring Jean Dieudonné, Michael Atiyah, Greg Moore, Paul Erdős, René Thom, Raymond Smullyan, and Ivor Grattan-Guinness - White Knight at 36:45


 * Intro
 * Fermat's Last Theorem 0:30
 * Goldbach's conjecture 0:39
 * Riemann hypothesis 0:52
 * Classification Problem for 4-D Manifolds 1:02
 * P versus NP problem 1:16
 * Invariant Subspace Problem for Hilbert Spaces 1:28
 * A Mathematical Mystery Tour 1:50
 * 1) Proof Beyond Doubt 2:51
 * Proof
 * Euclid's theorem 3:32
 * Are there infinitely many twin primes? 3:55
 * Erdős' problems 4:23
 * Goldbach's conjecture 5:07
 * Mertens conjecture 5:35
 * Euclid's Elements 6:15
 * Chinese mathematics 6:42
 * Egyptian mathematics 7:02
 * Fermat's Last Theorem 8:30
 * 1) The Language of Abstraction 12:20
 * Bourbaki Group 12:24
 * Abstract structure 15:30
 * Euclidean geometry 16:12
 * Non-Euclidean geometry 16:45
 * Hypercube 17:08
 * Klein bottle 18:08
 * 1) Discovery or Invention 19:18
 * History of mathematics 19:20
 * Platonism 20:15
 * Pythagorean theorem 20:21
 * Golden rectangle 20:35
 * Golden ratio
 * 1) Playing the Numbers 22:13
 * Pi 22:18
 * Mersenne prime 24:07
 * 1) The Taming of the Infinite 25:37
 * Infinity 25:37
 * Countable set 26:08
 * Uncountable set 27:25
 * Aleph number 28:17
 * 1) Contradictions and Paradoxes 29:22
 * Mathematical logic 29:40
 * Russell's paradox 31:23
 * Principia Mathematica 33:50
 * Hilbert's program 35:40
 * Gödel's incompleteness theorems 39:03
 * 1) Incomplete Future 40:20
 * Four color theorem 44:00
 * Computer-assisted proof 44:50

=References= Up one Level