Kramnik versus Deep Fritz 2006

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Kramnik versus Deep Fritz 2006, a Man versus Machine chess duel dubbed World Chess Challenge (WCC) 2006, of Classical, and since October 2006, Reunified FIDE World Chess Champion Vladimir Kramnik versus Deep Fritz 10 by Frans Morsch and Mathias Feist was staged from November 25 until December 05, 2006 at the Art and Exhibition Hall in Bonn, Germany. The WCC was sponsored by the RAG AG, a large German coal mining corporation represented by chairman Werner Müller, former German Minister of Economic Affairs and Energy (1998–2002) in the cabinet of Gerhard Schröder. Kramnik's starting fee was $500,000, with option to double in case he would have decided the six-round duel in his favor. Patron of the event was chess lover and at that time German Minister of Finance in the cabinet of Angela Merkel, Peer Steinbrück (SPD). In 2012, when he was about to become 2013 Chancellor candidate, he was accused of malpractice due to his trials, albeit unsuccessful, of funding public money for the Kramnik vs Fritz match from the in parts state-owned Deutsche Post and Deutsche Telekom. The WCC was organized by Universal Event Promotion (UEP) with investor and match director Josef Resch, in cooperation with the Art and Exhibition Hall. The match ended in a 4-2 victory for Deep Fritz with two wins and four draws. Kramnik missed winning chances in game 1 and 5, overlooked a mate in one in game 2, and finally lost game 6 versus a resistless Fritz playing a strong novelty. The computer used for the match was a Dual Intel Core 2 Duo 5160 system which allows Fritz, to calculate around 8 million positions per second. =Photos=

Panel Discussion
Panel discussion on Chess and Art, November 25, 2006 with Christian Hesse, Ugo Dossi, Karsten Schwanke (ZDF), Hans Holländer, Ernst Strouhal and Frederic Friedel

Mate in One
Deep Fritz co-author and operator Mathias Feist still can't believe what has happened in game 2

Opening Phase
During the opening phase Kramnik is allowed to view the moves and statistics in Deep Fritz' opening book

=Games=

Game 1
[Event "Kramnik vs Deep Fritz"] [Site "Bonn GER"] [Date "2006.11.25"] [Round "1"] [White "Vladimir Kramnik"] [Black "Deep Fritz"] [Result "1/2-1/2"]

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.g3 d5 4.Bg2 dxc4 5.Qa4+ Nbd7 6.Qxc4 a6 7.Qd3 c5 8.dxc5 Bxc5 9.Nf3 O-O 10.O-O Qe7 11.Nc3 b6 12.Ne4 Nxe4 13.Qxe4 Nf6 14.Qh4 Bb7 15.Bg5 Rfd8 16.Bxf6 Qxf6 17.Qxf6 gxf6 18.Rfd1 Kf8 19.Ne1 Bxg2 20.Kxg2 f5 21.Rxd8+ Rxd8 22.Nd3 Bd4 23.Rc1 e5 24.Rc2 Rd5 25.Nb4 Rb5 26.Nxa6 Rxb2 27.Rxb2 Bxb2 28.Nb4 Kg7 29.Nd5 Bd4 30.a4 Bc5 31.h3 f6 32.f3 Kg6 33.e4 h5 34.g4 hxg4 35.hxg4 fxe4 36.fxe4 Kg5 37.Kf3 Kg6 38.Ke2 Kg5 39.Kd3 Bg1 40.Kc4 Bf2 41.Kb5 Kxg4 42.Nxf6+ Kf3 43.Kc6 Bh4 44.Nd7 Kxe4 45.Kxb6 Bf2+ 46.Kc6 Be1 47.Nxe5 1/2-1/2 Game on Lichess.org

Game 2
[Event "Kramnik vs Deep Fritz"] [Site "Bonn GER"] [Date "2006.11.27"] [Round "2"] [White "Deep Fritz"] [Black "Vladimir Kramnik"] [Result "1-0"]

1.d4 d5 2.c4 dxc4 3.e4 b5 4.a4 c6 5.Nc3 b4 6.Na2 Nf6 7.e5 Nd5 8.Bxc4 e6 9.Nf3 a5 10.Bg5 Qb6 11.Nc1 Ba6 12.Qe2 h6 13.Be3 Bxc4 14.Qxc4 Nd7 15.Nb3 Be7 16.Rc1 O-O 17.O-O Rfc8 18.Qe2 c5 19.Nfd2 Qc6 20.Qh5 Qxa4 21.Nxc5 Nxc5 22.dxc5 Nxe3 23.fxe3 Bxc5 24.Qxf7+ Kh8 25.Qf3 Rf8 26.Qe4 Qd7 27.Nb3 Bb6 28.Rfd1 Qf7 29.Rf1 Qa7 30.Rxf8+ Rxf8 31.Nd4 a4 32.Nxe6 Bxe3+ 33.Kh1 Bxc1 34.Nxf8 Qe3 35.Qh7# 1-0 Game on Lichess.org

Game 3
[Event "Kramnik vs Deep Fritz"] [Site "Bonn GER"] [Date "2006.11.29"] [Round "3"] [White "Vladimir Kramnik"] [Black "Deep Fritz"] [Result "1/2-1/2"]

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.g3 d5 4.Bg2 dxc4 5.Qa4+ Nbd7 6.Qxc4 a6 7.Qc2 c5 8.Nf3 b6 9.Ne5 Nd5 10.Nc3 Bb7 11.Nxd5 Bxd5 12.Bxd5 exd5 13.O-O Nxe5 14.dxe5 Qc8 15.Rd1 Qe6 16.Qd3 Be7 17.Qxd5 Rd8 18.Qb3 Rxd1+ 19.Qxd1 O-O 20.Qb3 c4 21.Qc3 f6 22.b3 Rc8 23.Bb2 b5 24.Qe3 fxe5 25.bxc4 Rxc4 26.Bxe5 h6 27.Rd1 Rc2 28.Qb3 Qxb3 29.axb3 Rxe2 30.Bd6 Bf6 31.Bc5 a5 32.Bd4 Be7 33.Bc3 a4 34.bxa4 bxa4 35.Rd7 Bf8 36.Rd8 Kf7 37.Ra8 a3 38.Rxf8+ Kxf8 39.Bb4+ Kf7 40.Bxa3 Ra2 41.Bc5 g6 42.h4 Kf6 43.Be3 h5 44.Kg2 1/2-1/2

Game 4
[Event "Kramnik vs Deep Fritz"] [Site "Bonn GER"] [Date "2006.12.01"] [Round "4"] [White "Deep Fritz"] [Black "Vladimir Kramnik"] [Result "1/2-1/2"]

1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.d4 Nxe4 4.Bd3 d5 5.Nxe5 Nd7 6.Nxd7 Bxd7 7.O-O Bd6 8.Qh5 Qf6 9.Nc3 Qxd4 10.Nxd5 Bc6 11.Ne3 g6 12.Qh3 Ng5 13.Qg4 Qf4 14.Qxf4 Bxf4 15.Nc4 Ne6 16.Bxf4 Nxf4 17.Rfe1+ Kf8 18.Bf1 Bb5 19.a4 Ba6 20.b4 Bxc4 21.Bxc4 Rd8 22.Re4 Nh5 23.Rae1 Rd7 24.h3 Ng7 25.Re5 Nf5 26.Bb5 c6 27.Bd3 Nd6 28.g4 Kg7 29.f4 Rhd8 30.Kg2 Nc8 31.a5 Rd4 32.R5e4 Kf8 33.Kf3 h6 34.Rxd4 Rxd4 35.Re4 Rd6 36.Ke3 g5 37.Rd4 Ke7 38.c4 Rxd4 39.Kxd4 gxf4 40.Ke4 Kf6 41.Kxf4 Ne7 42.Be4 b6 43.c5 bxc5 44.bxc5 Ng6+ 45.Ke3 Ne7 46.Kd4 Ke6 47.Bf3 f5 48.Bd1 Kf6 49.Bc2 fxg4 50.hxg4 Ke6 51.Bb1 Kf6 52.Be4 Ke6 53.Bh1 Kf6 54.Bf3 Ke6 1/2-1/2

Game 5
[Event "Kramnik vs Deep Fritz"] [Site "Bonn GER"] [Date "2006.12.03"] [Round "5"] [White "Vladimir Kramnik"] [Black "Deep Fritz"] [Result "1/2-1/2"]

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 d5 4.Nc3 Bb4 5.e3 O-O 6.a3 Bxc3+ 7.bxc3 c5 8.Bb2 Nc6 9.Rc1 Re8 10.Bd3 dxc4 11.Bxc4 e5 12.dxe5 Qxd1+ 13.Rxd1 Nxe5 14.Nxe5 Rxe5 15.Be2 Bd7 16.c4 Re7 17.h4 Ne4 18.h5 Ba4 19.Rd3 b5 20.cxb5 Bxb5 21.Rd1 Bxe2 22.Kxe2 Rb8 23.Ba1 f5 24.Rd5 Rb3 25.Rxf5 Rxa3 26.Rb1 Re8 27.Rf4 Ra2+ 28.Ke1 h6 29.Rg4 g5 30.hxg6 Nxf2 31.Rh4 Rf8 32.Kf1 Nh3+ 33.Ke1 Nf2 34.Kf1 Nh3+ 35.Ke1 1/2-1/2

Game 6
[Event "Kramnik vs Deep Fritz"] [Site "Bonn GER"] [Date "2006.12.05"] [Round "6"] [White "Deep Fritz"] [Black "Vladimir Kramnik"] [Result "1-0"]

1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 a6 6.Bc4 e6 7.O-O Be7 8.Bb3 Qc7 9.Re1 Nc6 10.Re3 O-O 11.Rg3 Kh8 12.Nxc6 bxc6 13.Qe2 a5 14.Bg5 Ba6 15.Qf3 Rab8 16.Re1 c5 17.Bf4 Qb7 18.Bc1 Ng8 19.Nb1 Bf6 20.c3 g6 21.Na3 Qc6 22.Rh3 Bg7 23.Qg3 a4 24.Bc2 Rb6 25.e5 dxe5 26.Rxe5 Nf6 27.Qh4 Qb7 28.Re1 h5 29.Rf3 Nh7 30.Qxa4 Qc6 31.Qxc6 Rxc6 32.Ba4 Rb6 33.b3 Kg8 34.c4 Rd8 35.Nb5 Bb7 36.Rfe3 Bh6 37.Re5 Bxc1 38.Rxc1 Rc6 39.Nc3 Rc7 40.Bb5 Nf8 41.Na4 Rdc8 42.Rd1 Kg7 43.Rd6 f6 44.Re2 e5 45.Red2 g5 46.Nb6 Rb8 47.a4 1-0 Game on Lichess.org =Quotes=

Strongest Program?
Tord Romstad on the initial ChessBase press release, March 01, 2006 : Calling Fritz "the world's leading chess computer program" is not just stretching the truth, it's blatantly untrue. I refuse to believe that ChessBase is unaware of the existence of chess programs stronger than Fritz. They are lying, plain and simple. It is also getting boring to always watch the same programs get the chance to play against the top GMs.

Overchampion
Jaap van den Herik in Overchampion, Editorial of ICGA Journal, Vol. 29, No. 4, December 2006 Since December 2006, the (computer-)chess world has a new Overchampion, in the entity DEEP FRITZ 10. The way the program won its match against World Champion Vladimir Kramnik was superb. If we disregard the win in the second game and only at the final game, we must admit that DEEP FRITZ 10 is the better player, the Overchampion. The Overchampion most clearly showed its strength in game six by introducing a novelty followed by a couple of brilliant ideas. Our congratulations go to Frans Morsch, Mathias Feist, and the ChessBase team for their continuous improvements of the program, their perseverance to reach this goal, and their outstanding achievement.

Meanwhile we observe that there are many runners-up. They believe that they are equally strong or even stronger than the Overchampion. In this issue Jeroen Noomen provides overview of the 2005 revolution and the ratings of the runners-up. He discusses Rybka, Zappa, Fruit, mentions Hydra, as well as Junior, Shredder and Fritz. Whatever the case, the current situation is as follows: Junior is the 2006 World Champion and Deep Fritz 10 the 2006 Overchampion.

=See also=
 * Kramnik versus Deep Fritz 2002
 * Deep Fritz versus Deep Junior 2007

=Publications=
 * Matthias Wüllenweber, Frederic Friedel, Mathias Feist (2006). Kramnik vs. Deep Fritz 10: Computer wins match by 4-2. ICGA Journal, Vol. 29, No. 4
 * Eric Hallsworth (2007). Vladimir Kramnik (World Champion) v Deep Fritz 10. Selective Search 128, pp. 14-24, pdf
 * Monty Newborn (2011). Beyond Deep Blue: Chess in the Stratosphere. Springer, ISBN-13: 978-0857293404, amazon
 * bejDeepBlue.jpg
 * Chapter 11 2006: Deep Fritz Clobbers Kramnik, 4–2

=Forum Posts=
 * From the ChessBase site: Fritz vs Kramnik by Tord Romstad, CCC, March 01, 2006
 * Re: From the ChessBase site: Fritz vs Kramnik by Steve Maughan, CCC, March 01, 2006


 * Do you remember 'the blunder of the century'? by Jesús Muñoz, CCC, January 13, 2013

=External Links=

2006

 * New chess duel Man vs Machine, ChessBase News, Press Release, March 01, 2006
 * Chess: Making it to the first league, ChessBase News, November 08, 2006
 * Kramnik: 'Fritz punishes you immediately', ChessBase News, November 23, 2006
 * The last man vs machine match? by André Schulz, ChessBase News, November 23, 2006
 * Presenting – Kramnik vs Deep Fritz in Bonn, ChessBase News, November 25, 2006
 * Kramnik-Deep Fritz: First game ends in a draw, ChessBase News, November 25, 2006
 * Seirawan on Kramnik vs Deep Fritz game one, ChessBase News, November 27, 2006
 * Man vs machine shocker: Kramnik allows mate in one, ChessBase News, November 27, 2006
 * How could Kramnik overlook the mate?, ChessBase News, November 29, 2006
 * Kramnik vs Deep Fritz: Game three drawn, ChessBase News, November 29, 2006
 * Kramnik vs Deep Fritz: Game four a tough draw, ChessBase News, December 01, 200
 * Kramnik vs Deep Fritz – a mega media event, ChessBase News, December 02, 2006
 * Kramnik vs Deep Fritz: Game five ends in a fighting draw, ChessBase News, December 03, 2006
 * Kramnik vs Deep Fritz: Computer wins match by 4:2, ChessBase News, December 05, 2006

2020

 * Historical riddle: could Kramnik have defeated the computer? by Karsten Müller, ChessBase News, May 28, 2020
 * Solution to the historical riddle: Kramnik could have defeated Fritz! by Karsten Müller, ChessBase News, June 01, 2020

Spiegel

 * Vladimir Kramnik Takes On 'Deep Fritz': The Last Man-Versus-Machine Match? by André Schulz, Spiegel Online International, November 24, 2006
 * Mensch gegen Maschine: Kramnik verliert die zweite Partie, Spiegel Online, November 27, 2006 (German)
 * "Deep Fritz" with the Advantage: All or Nothing for Chess Master Kramnik, Spiegel Online International, December 01, 2006
 * Der Faktor Mensch by Ansbert Kneip, Der Spiegel 49/2006, December 04, 2006 (German)
 * Schachsoftware Deep Fritz: Kramniks Kampf gegen die Parallelwelt by André Schulz, Spiegel Online, December 05, 2006 (German)
 * Ende einer Ära: Deep Fritz besiegt Schachweltmeister Kramnik, Spiegel Online, December 05, 2006 (German)
 * Fazit eines Turniers: Wettkampf verloren  was nun? by André Schulz, Spiegel Online, December 06, 2006 (German)
 * Kramnik vs. Deep Fritz: Maschinen und Menschenmassen by Frank Patalong, Spiegel Online, December 06, 2006 (German)

Misc

 * Kramnik vs. Deep Fritz by Jason Rosenhouse, EvolutionBlog, November 29, 2006
 * Kramnik - Deep Fritz (2006) from chessgames.com
 * Pink Floyd - Money, Live 8 concert, Hyde Park, London, July 02, 2005, YouTube Video
 * Roger Waters rejoining David Gilmour, Nick Mason and Richard Wright

=References= Up one Level